[Music]
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
good morning everyone
now something sweet for your body and
for your mind we will talk about love
sweet sugar but before we explain what
substance is sugar and how sugar change
our metabolism the functioning of our
brain and finally how sugar addicted us
let’s start from the beginning let’s say
it’s openly our genetics will not change
but our biochemistry will the adverse
changes in the biochemistry of our
metabolism lead to many serious and
dangerous hormonal dysregulation
hormones plays a key role in our
metabolism and control our behavior for
example imagine that you drink a 40
litres of water per day and then you
eliminate it is it normal of course no
probably it is the diabetes insipidus
which is a problem with water retention
by kidney such problem is also obesity
because many dysregulation hormonal
dysregulation leads to many dangerous
changes in the energy of metabolism so I
ask the question who is the culprit more
than 10 years ago Tony Thompson the
Secretary of Health and Social Services
said that we eat too much and may move
and we move to less that’s why we are
obviously that’s why we are overweight
but was he true you will see that he
wasn’t true so I ask again who is a
culprit of this situation you will hear
the answer now it’s sugar it’s not a
secret but I’m going to tell you how
sugar changes
us how Shuba destroy us what is the real
power of sugar yes sugar is a villain of
this presentation maintains energy
balance is the most complicated task for
the human body when you eat
carbohydrates for example from ranged
sweets milk carbohydrates change into
the simple sugar glucose and glucose
enter into the blood and blood transport
glucose to every cell in your body your
pancreas sends the rise in blood glucose
level and produced insulin then insulin
helps glucose enter into the cell and
and glucose can be used as an energy but
how does insulin work normally our cells
are tightly unlocked and the only thing
that could open them is insulin so when
cell needs energy insulin acts like a
key to unlock the cell and then glucose
can enter into the cell and be used as
the energy as an energy the main
consumer of glucose derived energy is
our brain human brain accounts
approximately 2% of body weight but
consumes 20% of glucose what about the
rest of the glucose rest of the glucose
is managed by insulin first of all
glucose is converted into the glycogen
and glycogen is stored in the liver and
the skeletal muscle and mobilized when
glucose is not abundant about 10 percent
of glucose is converted into the fat and
stored in fatty tissue we can use fat as
an energy when the level of glucose is
very low for example during long term
exercises up to one hour so till now you
may think that
people are obese because they eat lots
of food lots of fat food but it is not
all the true the main culprit is sugar
because insulin converts sugar into the
fat and then fat is storage in the fatty
tissue this is the problem because
generally we are overweight and obese
not because of fat but because of sugar
because of sugar consumption is much
higher than food intake so the high
level of glucose leads to the high level
of insulin and it is equal to increase
large amounts of fat in the fatty tissue
another most important hormone which
control our metabolism would which
control energy metabolism is leptin
leptin is a protein hormone produced
produced by fatty tissue and after a
meal when the mass of fatty tissue
increase the level of leptin also
increased brain especially hypothalamus
receive a signal about satiety and the
appetite is blocked but when the mass of
fatty tissue decrease the level of
leptin also decrease the discovery of
leptin was as a gift from heaven and
many pharmaceutical industries thought
that it will be the end of the obesity
they said hey let’s produce leptin let’s
give leptin to all obese people they
will take left in their brain receive a
signal about satiety and they will stop
it
but obviously it was a mistake because
not every problem with weight is
connected only with us with leptin
disturbance why because everyone has an
individual leptin result
butan
and this and this leptin result says our
brain that energy storage is sufficient
then body can break down the excess of
fat without aware of energy deficiencies
in the future so the body feels great we
eat less and our metabolism is fine and
our weight is constant but when leptin
is not produced or leptin acts
abnormally for example because of
genetically mutations or leptin
resistance brain still receive a signal
about energy deficiencies it is a
starvation signal which means the risk
of death because of lack of the energy
we don’t feel satiety then brain just
tell us to eat and eat more and all the
energy is only storage because the level
of insulin increased so the leptin
signal is suppressed during time when
insulin and leptin are produced in large
amounts our body is not sensitive to its
impact then the insulin resistance and
leptin resistance lead to the very
dangerous situation where we eat more
and more but we don’t feel satiety we
are still hunger even after a meal it is
very important to notice that this
situation is also promoted by starvation
diet when level of leptin is still
decreased and the fat cells shrink the
metabolism slows down and all the energy
is only stored I bet some of you fell
victims to that effect didn’t you I say
I did
what about hypothalamus what is the
brain region hypothalamus is localized
at the base of the brain and acts like a
general manager who commands
hypothalamus contacts with his right
hand
patrol gland and tells what to do the
main role of hypothalamus is to generate
long-term prognosis long-term prognosis
it is the collection information from
insulin and leptin hypothalamus create a
hormonal and genetical environment for
ever debated for the future how its work
when low when a level of glucose is very
low growling the stomach hormone sends a
signal about hunger then the appetite is
stimulated but after a meal when level
of glucose is very high insulin and
leptin sends a signal about satiety and
appetite is suppressed now let’s go back
to our main actor sugar and how brain
becomes addicted to sugar human brain is
programmed for rewarding it is a strong
force which determinates the survival of
the species the reward is the reason why
we get up from bed every morning the
reward system is a part of the limbic
system and the limbic system is a part
of the hypothalamus the reward system is
the place when our emotions are
generated like anger sadness but also
pleasure
sexual drive instincts and it is the
place when dopamine is generated and you
may know dopamine as a happy hormone
every addicted factor acts on brain
reward system the addictive factor is
caffeine drugs alcohol but also
overeating and snacking
addictive factors acts on the brain
reward system and dopamine is produced
then we feel pressure and great but when
large amounts of dopamine are produced
in the course of time
our body is unscented to its action its
dopamine dopamine tolerance then brain
needs more and more dopamine to feel
pleasure and satisfied it is a tolerance
and this signal is so intensive that our
strong will will not help and this is
the addiction in normal conditions in
healthy brain after a meal signals from
insulin and leptin reduce dopamine
production and reduce the feeling of
pleasure here is your normal brain but
in addicted brain in unhealthy
conditions over eating leads to insulin
and leptin resistance which do not allow
to block dopamine production then brain
receive a continuous signal of play of
it pleasurable thought pleasurable food
is a food rich in sugar and in fat it is
very easy to spot addict person of of
the drugs but is it easy to recognize
person addicted to sugar yes it is very
easy because this person it’s large
amounts or pleasurable food in spite of
the consequences this person have a
really strong will to quit the addiction
for example using miracle diets on our
medical preparation but the most
characteristic is the Absinthe syndrome
anxious the pressure all these feelings
were present
in the supersize me a film by Morgan
Spurlock who by the way is a past TED
conference speaker he tested on himself
how fast would influence of our body the
next question is is it is it hard to
addicted to sugar it’s very easy because
sugar surrounds us everywhere
here is your addicted brain sugar
surround us everywhere we eat sugar when
we are set when we are unhappy when we
are watching TV when we are at the
parties sugar is everywhere we like to
eat sweet things because for our brain
sweet things are not poison that’s why
we like to eat them moreover it is very
easy to introduce sweet product into the
kids many parents just have to give it
once but if they want to introduce nuts
nut sugar nuts wheat product they have
to implement it up to 13 times
moreover we like to eat sweet products
we like to eat carbohydrates because
they lead to increased production of
serotonin another happy hormone as I
mentioned we eat sweets in stress and
yes stress is a very important cause of
our weight problems and health problems
the main stress hormone is cortisol
cortisol is produced rapidly but only
for the short term by adrenal glands in
response to stress situation or
circumstances like waking up in the
morning exercising or in acute stress
the lack of cortisol means that you want
handle with any stress but the excess is
also destructible because it means the
continuous signal of eating sweet things
sweet sweet products and all the
calories eating in stress are stored in
fat tissue and especially in the
visceral fat tissue which is localized
around the organs so in the point of
view of the evolution sugar wins our
brain just push us into the vicious
circle of continuous eating sugar and
sugar became it becomes a trap from
which we cannot get in get out sorry
when we think about sugar when we say
sugar we think about Sakura see sakura
see is the white sugar is the
disaccharide a combination of two simple
sugars glucose and fructose glucose is
absolutely essential it’s our main
source of the energy and it metabolism
depends on insulin but fructose is not
our main source of the energy and it
metabolism is not depend on insulin but
fructose strongly strain deliver and
lead to insulin and leptin resistance
yes
fructose is the sweetness of the sugar
and the fatal effect of sugar the
harmful effect of glucose may be
suppressed only by the presence of fiber
like in fruits because fiber reduce the
fructose absorption from the digestive
systems and it does not strain the liver
but fructose in the Sakura sea is like a
toxin through the big t because fructose
acts on proteins so you grow old
seven times faster moreover leads to the
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
fructose is instantly stored in the
fatty tissue fructose initiates
inflammation and what is most important
fructose cheats your brain to make you
want to eat more and more
genetically we are not adapt to consume
such amount of sugar like it happens now
what do you think how much fructose is
now consumed I will tell you it is five
times more than in the last century and
about 20 to 25 percent of calories comes
from sugar from sweet products
especially from the sweet drinks and the
situation is is worst in kids many
because it is almost 40% of calories but
the real curse is processed food because
this foot is large of sugar large of fat
and as you can see here sugar have many
names you will find sugar in almost
every product in the supermarket but it
is still sugar so what can we do how can
we fight with sugar we have to start
control our nutritional environment we
have to start control what are we
putting into the basket at the
supermarket please do not buy food with
lots of ingredients watch out for added
sugar and what can you do more exercise
to control your cortisol to maintained
with stress and just be happy and
healthy without sugar thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
[Music]
[Applause]
[Music]
good morning everyone
now something sweet for your body and
for your mind we will talk about love
sweet sugar but before we explain what
substance is sugar and how sugar change
our metabolism the functioning of our
brain and finally how sugar addicted us
let’s start from the beginning let’s say
it’s openly our genetics will not change
but our biochemistry will the adverse
changes in the biochemistry of our
metabolism lead to many serious and
dangerous hormonal dysregulation
hormones plays a key role in our
metabolism and control our behavior for
example imagine that you drink a 40
litres of water per day and then you
eliminate it is it normal of course no
probably it is the diabetes insipidus
which is a problem with water retention
by kidney such problem is also obesity
because many dysregulation hormonal
dysregulation leads to many dangerous
changes in the energy of metabolism so I
ask the question who is the culprit more
than 10 years ago Tony Thompson the
Secretary of Health and Social Services
said that we eat too much and may move
and we move to less that’s why we are
obviously that’s why we are overweight
but was he true you will see that he
wasn’t true so I ask again who is a
culprit of this situation you will hear
the answer now it’s sugar it’s not a
secret but I’m going to tell you how
sugar changes
us how Shuba destroy us what is the real
power of sugar yes sugar is a villain of
this presentation maintains energy
balance is the most complicated task for
the human body when you eat
carbohydrates for example from ranged
sweets milk carbohydrates change into
the simple sugar glucose and glucose
enter into the blood and blood transport
glucose to every cell in your body your
pancreas sends the rise in blood glucose
level and produced insulin then insulin
helps glucose enter into the cell and
and glucose can be used as an energy but
how does insulin work normally our cells
are tightly unlocked and the only thing
that could open them is insulin so when
cell needs energy insulin acts like a
key to unlock the cell and then glucose
can enter into the cell and be used as
the energy as an energy the main
consumer of glucose derived energy is
our brain human brain accounts
approximately 2% of body weight but
consumes 20% of glucose what about the
rest of the glucose rest of the glucose
is managed by insulin first of all
glucose is converted into the glycogen
and glycogen is stored in the liver and
the skeletal muscle and mobilized when
glucose is not abundant about 10 percent
of glucose is converted into the fat and
stored in fatty tissue we can use fat as
an energy when the level of glucose is
very low for example during long term
exercises up to one hour so till now you
may think that
people are obese because they eat lots
of food lots of fat food but it is not
all the true the main culprit is sugar
because insulin converts sugar into the
fat and then fat is storage in the fatty
tissue this is the problem because
generally we are overweight and obese
not because of fat but because of sugar
because of sugar consumption is much
higher than food intake so the high
level of glucose leads to the high level
of insulin and it is equal to increase
large amounts of fat in the fatty tissue
another most important hormone which
control our metabolism would which
control energy metabolism is leptin
leptin is a protein hormone produced
produced by fatty tissue and after a
meal when the mass of fatty tissue
increase the level of leptin also
increased brain especially hypothalamus
receive a signal about satiety and the
appetite is blocked but when the mass of
fatty tissue decrease the level of
leptin also decrease the discovery of
leptin was as a gift from heaven and
many pharmaceutical industries thought
that it will be the end of the obesity
they said hey let’s produce leptin let’s
give leptin to all obese people they
will take left in their brain receive a
signal about satiety and they will stop
it
but obviously it was a mistake because
not every problem with weight is
connected only with us with leptin
disturbance why because everyone has an
individual leptin result
butan
and this and this leptin result says our
brain that energy storage is sufficient
then body can break down the excess of
fat without aware of energy deficiencies
in the future so the body feels great we
eat less and our metabolism is fine and
our weight is constant but when leptin
is not produced or leptin acts
abnormally for example because of
genetically mutations or leptin
resistance brain still receive a signal
about energy deficiencies it is a
starvation signal which means the risk
of death because of lack of the energy
we don’t feel satiety then brain just
tell us to eat and eat more and all the
energy is only storage because the level
of insulin increased so the leptin
signal is suppressed during time when
insulin and leptin are produced in large
amounts our body is not sensitive to its
impact then the insulin resistance and
leptin resistance lead to the very
dangerous situation where we eat more
and more but we don’t feel satiety we
are still hunger even after a meal it is
very important to notice that this
situation is also promoted by starvation
diet when level of leptin is still
decreased and the fat cells shrink the
metabolism slows down and all the energy
is only stored I bet some of you fell
victims to that effect didn’t you I say
I did
what about hypothalamus what is the
brain region hypothalamus is localized
at the base of the brain and acts like a
general manager who commands
hypothalamus contacts with his right
hand
patrol gland and tells what to do the
main role of hypothalamus is to generate
long-term prognosis long-term prognosis
it is the collection information from
insulin and leptin hypothalamus create a
hormonal and genetical environment for
ever debated for the future how its work
when low when a level of glucose is very
low growling the stomach hormone sends a
signal about hunger then the appetite is
stimulated but after a meal when level
of glucose is very high insulin and
leptin sends a signal about satiety and
appetite is suppressed now let’s go back
to our main actor sugar and how brain
becomes addicted to sugar human brain is
programmed for rewarding it is a strong
force which determinates the survival of
the species the reward is the reason why
we get up from bed every morning the
reward system is a part of the limbic
system and the limbic system is a part
of the hypothalamus the reward system is
the place when our emotions are
generated like anger sadness but also
pleasure
sexual drive instincts and it is the
place when dopamine is generated and you
may know dopamine as a happy hormone
every addicted factor acts on brain
reward system the addictive factor is
caffeine drugs alcohol but also
overeating and snacking
addictive factors acts on the brain
reward system and dopamine is produced
then we feel pressure and great but when
large amounts of dopamine are produced
in the course of time
our body is unscented to its action its
dopamine dopamine tolerance then brain
needs more and more dopamine to feel
pleasure and satisfied it is a tolerance
and this signal is so intensive that our
strong will will not help and this is
the addiction in normal conditions in
healthy brain after a meal signals from
insulin and leptin reduce dopamine
production and reduce the feeling of
pleasure here is your normal brain but
in addicted brain in unhealthy
conditions over eating leads to insulin
and leptin resistance which do not allow
to block dopamine production then brain
receive a continuous signal of play of
it pleasurable thought pleasurable food
is a food rich in sugar and in fat it is
very easy to spot addict person of of
the drugs but is it easy to recognize
person addicted to sugar yes it is very
easy because this person it’s large
amounts or pleasurable food in spite of
the consequences this person have a
really strong will to quit the addiction
for example using miracle diets on our
medical preparation but the most
characteristic is the Absinthe syndrome
anxious the pressure all these feelings
were present
in the supersize me a film by Morgan
Spurlock who by the way is a past TED
conference speaker he tested on himself
how fast would influence of our body the
next question is is it is it hard to
addicted to sugar it’s very easy because
sugar surrounds us everywhere
here is your addicted brain sugar
surround us everywhere we eat sugar when
we are set when we are unhappy when we
are watching TV when we are at the
parties sugar is everywhere we like to
eat sweet things because for our brain
sweet things are not poison that’s why
we like to eat them moreover it is very
easy to introduce sweet product into the
kids many parents just have to give it
once but if they want to introduce nuts
nut sugar nuts wheat product they have
to implement it up to 13 times
moreover we like to eat sweet products
we like to eat carbohydrates because
they lead to increased production of
serotonin another happy hormone as I
mentioned we eat sweets in stress and
yes stress is a very important cause of
our weight problems and health problems
the main stress hormone is cortisol
cortisol is produced rapidly but only
for the short term by adrenal glands in
response to stress situation or
circumstances like waking up in the
morning exercising or in acute stress
the lack of cortisol means that you want
handle with any stress but the excess is
also destructible because it means the
continuous signal of eating sweet things
sweet sweet products and all the
calories eating in stress are stored in
fat tissue and especially in the
visceral fat tissue which is localized
around the organs so in the point of
view of the evolution sugar wins our
brain just push us into the vicious
circle of continuous eating sugar and
sugar became it becomes a trap from
which we cannot get in get out sorry
when we think about sugar when we say
sugar we think about Sakura see sakura
see is the white sugar is the
disaccharide a combination of two simple
sugars glucose and fructose glucose is
absolutely essential it’s our main
source of the energy and it metabolism
depends on insulin but fructose is not
our main source of the energy and it
metabolism is not depend on insulin but
fructose strongly strain deliver and
lead to insulin and leptin resistance
yes
fructose is the sweetness of the sugar
and the fatal effect of sugar the
harmful effect of glucose may be
suppressed only by the presence of fiber
like in fruits because fiber reduce the
fructose absorption from the digestive
systems and it does not strain the liver
but fructose in the Sakura sea is like a
toxin through the big t because fructose
acts on proteins so you grow old
seven times faster moreover leads to the
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
fructose is instantly stored in the
fatty tissue fructose initiates
inflammation and what is most important
fructose cheats your brain to make you
want to eat more and more
genetically we are not adapt to consume
such amount of sugar like it happens now
what do you think how much fructose is
now consumed I will tell you it is five
times more than in the last century and
about 20 to 25 percent of calories comes
from sugar from sweet products
especially from the sweet drinks and the
situation is is worst in kids many
because it is almost 40% of calories but
the real curse is processed food because
this foot is large of sugar large of fat
and as you can see here sugar have many
names you will find sugar in almost
every product in the supermarket but it
is still sugar so what can we do how can
we fight with sugar we have to start
control our nutritional environment we
have to start control what are we
putting into the basket at the
supermarket please do not buy food with
lots of ingredients watch out for added
sugar and what can you do more exercise
to control your cortisol to maintained
with stress and just be happy and
healthy without sugar thank you
[Applause]
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