[Music]
Y
[Music]
how
I want to tell you to start a
story that to me as a psychologist
fascinates
in 1972 the occupants of the house
white were worried about a
invasion that they feared would take place in
American territory
not an invasion of Communist as in
that chuck norris movie of the
80s but an invasion of junkies and
those Yankees were not other than
American soldiers destined in
vietnam because it seems consumption
of drugs in the American army
destined in vietnam we reach the
astronomical levels that formed
part of life and culture there
just like rock and roll or shooting
the poor people the american soldiers
prior to being destined to vietnam
they showed a pattern of consumption
practically nonexistent less than 1%
they were habitually addicted or consumed
some substance most had never
tried nothing
but they came to vietnam and that
It looked like a town selling drugs or
a master’s degree at five o’clock in the morning
half of them used various drugs
multiple times throughout its
period there shifts that many times
13 months were 1 out of 5 1 out of 5
they were addicted, of course, this generated
huge concern in the government
because logically they thought that we are going to
do with these people when they come back here
what are we going to do with thousands of addicts
the drug loose by our streets with
military training unable to
integrate into society the image was
practically a zombie apocalypse is
imagined for example as the cover
the ‘time’ magazine that most
vulnerable would be the blacks the poor
people with few studies but this does not
the consumption pattern was not true
depended on race did not depend on the
social class did not depend on any
factor that they could isolate
affected everyone alike
people could consume to be in
combat or could not consume for having
had a traumatic experience or not
sometimes some began to consume
because in the hospital I administered
morphine for his wounds but many
they simply consumed because it was what
everyone was
the traditional explanations do not
They seemed to realize that going well
who imagined bands like in the
movies you notice that I like the
movies from the 80s true like in the
warriors bands running through the streets
seeding chaos dangerous veteran
unable to join life
normal a disaster and what happened
nothing happened
around the deployment of vietnam the
1 percent of the soldiers that
they used drugs they kept the habit
of consumption this is the same percentage
that they consumed before the war or more
not least the rest of the soldiers in a
average period of one year they stopped
consume imagine all the brothers-in-law of
the television and radio gatherings
completely bewildered after
spend a lot of time worrying and
eating your head with this and that the
thing was a bit like an anticlimax not
you were going to have an apocalypse if you did not
you had nothing
what roll cut
what happened the answer or a possible
answer came a few years later in 1978
from the hand of a psychologist called brush
alexander who did a series of
well-known experiments like the mouse
park the rat park in these
experiments alexander used a
group of wistar rats that are the
psychologist’s best friends
experimental after the dog
and separated them into two groups one of the
groups was more or less in a prison
and the other was at a resort in
puntacana to give us an idea
that is the group were rats that were in
the typical laboratory cages
isolated and separated from another rat and with
very little thing to do throughout the
day the other group the resort was
in the rat park the scrape that was a
very large space full of tunnels and
places where rats could play
could they explore could interact with
another rat both groups had deposits
of water with morphine at your disposal and
water without morphine the rats could auto
administer morphine whenever
Would you like to go party full heart
and alexander found that the rats that
they were in jail they were administered
much more frequent morphine and for
both developed more easily
habits of addiction but that the rats
that they had other things to do
often they avoided and morphine water
engaged could be playing with other
rats explore and do rat things already
have a good time some rats this
group were hooked on morphine by
course but they were very few
this clashed frontally with the
view that drugs were
addictive in themselves because it is in the
first proof that maybe the environment
It also has something to do and it seems that
these experiments were generalizable to
humans watching how they behaved
American soldiers returning from
vietnam of course the drugs have
ability to cause addiction but it is not
the whole story the environment seems to have
also a weight this is the soldiers
they left an environment in which the
drug use was normal they returned to
their homes many of them came back with
their families, their loved ones
they found a job they developed
healthy relationships
and they left it as simple as that
I started with this story because
as psychologists on whether people can
change and how we change is part
essential of my work our
work psychologists we are
behavior modifiers either in the
consult helping a patient to
overcome a problem either in a
company developing a team to
to adopt a new way of working
whether in a school a counselor
trying to get a student to acquire
Study habits
What we do is study how to change
to people in a way that people change
for better and to get your
objectives and clear what people believe
what happens many times is not what
it really happens when we talk about
human behavior popular psychology
has little to do with psychology
scientific and one of the ideas queens in
regarding the ability to change
humans is the idea that for
change it takes a lot of force to
will that is the reason or the excuse for
the one that you sign up for the gym you go two
weeks and then you stick six months
paying and you never go because you total go
to go next week I greet my
gym by the way from here
in the reason why you start a
diet but as soon as you have a bad day
in gut on the side and biscuit side
and drink meatball
is the reason why you are
students and study exam the day
before all the courses you swear that this
it will not be like that but in the end always
you end up falling because you have to go out
spree because you have no desire other
people if they have it for that, if they
they can change but you do not have you
Will
that idea has indeed had some
predicament in psychology in the
recent years it became quite highlighted
a model developed by the psychologist
roy baumeister that was called model of
ego exhaustion the model of
ego exhaustion from prison ego in
English basically stipulates that the
will would be an energy resource
limited as a gas tank and
that the measures that we have are exhausted
have to make difficult decisions that we
cost habits do not cost us
Will decisions if for example
eat the broccoli instead of eating me
bun as we go taking
difficult decisions are we leaving
being left without will throughout the day
so that we finally end up falling
in our old habits and also the
temptation that’s why most of the
infidelities occur at night
Diets tend to break at night
and all these things
the problem is that this model does not
applaud is still I’m not giving
an excuse to put the horns to
no one
the problem with this is that
this model is being answered
because he is having difficulties
replicate not because there can not be a
true truth in this I think there’s
some of this but because it’s left out
a very important part that is the
context one thing that the modifiers
of behavior we know is that beings
humans like any other organism
we react fundamentally to the
signs that our context sends us
in the same way that for example we crossed
the street when we see a traffic light in
green or when we see a sign like this
we do not approach we like to think that
we have free will and we do not take
decisions because we like to think that
we are rational beings but as he says
total sinister we are rational beings
because we take the rations from the bars
that is, not most of the things that
you have done in this day do not have
a shred of rational decision by
your part and many times we respond
environment so they are
determined by our genetics
our learning history of
our experiences and our habits
and that ‘s what I want to talk about
especially today some psychologists
to explain why it is difficult to change
have conceived a metaphor in which
this understand that it is a metaphor the
behavior is not like that but it ‘s a way
easy to understand
it’s a simplification conceive the
person as a hindu rider riding in
your elephant is worth going through a jungle
on a path through the jungle the
rider and the elephant represent the
person and the jungle and the road
represent the context the environment in the
that this person moves
the rider therefore represents the part
who makes long- term plans the rider
the one who makes the new year’s resolutions
the cinema is motivated motivates the elephant
it’s everything else the elephant is our
gratification our taste for
instant gratification our
habits our emotionality
the elephant is the one who wants to eat the
bun now although the rider has decided
that what it was to eat a plate of
ecological quinoa with boiled salmon
responsible fish farm
the elephant wants to call your ex
winged drunk lost in the morning to
tell that to see if they turn away
the elephant is the one who knows that he has to
study but one has just come out
season of game of thrones and what
wants to sit in front of the TV and
see you learn the elephant does not like
get wet or sweaty and when it rains
that when it rains we are not able to go
to the gym to go running because it’s
it rains and that I like more the
blanket the elephant likes things
the ones you’re used to
the elephant likes even your ex
it’s a bit like ortega and gasset
I would have said I am me and my
circumstance but disguised as Indian and
they rode a five-ton bug
Of course , the elephant is very big
the very small rider the elephant is
put the trunk pull in one direction the
rider the only thing that happens is to leave
lead usually ending in tomorrow
of hangover and regret
That’s how Jonathan Hai explains this
experience that we have all had of
be perfectly clear what it is that
you have to do and do something else
as well as it can be explained because many
times our habits that are
governed by the environment and respond to
signs of the environment have more strength
that our intentions that things
that we try to use as
behavior triggers
the environment does not only include the environment
physical with our strip signals by
here stand here also includes the
social environment the people with whom
we relate the culture in which
we live if you think it is little
important I have heard one thing in the
year 2007 a medical study of the
Harvard University found that if
one of you gets obese develops
obesity all your close friends
multiply by three the possibility of
put on that joint and this is not because
you go all together to a restaurant in
whether or not you live in San Francisco
and your friend lives in new york and you have
constant and frequent contact your
friend puts that joint like him
It influences you influences you
the environment weighs so much on us that
we can change our habits
food without giving us or account
the environment can prevent us from acting or
can force us to do stupid things
as for example devote to consume
heroin while we are in the war of
vietnam because everybody does it there
a classic experiment of the university
of columbia in which they fuck
students and they are told they are going to
do some questionnaires the students
can be alone or in groups of 3
students
they are filling out the questionnaire when
starts an emergency occur for a
grating hidden in the wall starts to
Spurt smoke to fill the
room if the student is alone there is a
75 percent chance that it
lift immediately go ask
help and alarm but when the
student is with more people only the 38
percent of the time and rise
they ask for help think it 62 percent of
the students stayed seated
like cocoon swallowing smoke because all
they were waiting for someone to do
something and since nobody did anything all the
world stood still in a situation
unknown context tells us that
we have to do and if we do not receive
context signs we do nothing
like you now that is entering
here smoke and you are all here quiet
glaring at me
the context determines and the context
inhibits our behavior
It can also be used for the good of
made a small contextual change can
cause huge changes in behavior one
example that I love about this because
also has a wide application is a
experiment they did in the
kaiser south hospital in san francisco
developed by the head nurse
beck and richards bay that richards wanted
decrease errors in the
administration of drugs by
of the nurses because an error in the
medication administration could
be fatal the source of these errors
they were generally the distractions of
people who interrupted the nurse
I was asking about any medical things
nurses other family patients from
patients in the tuna that passed by there
who was
and decided to use a simple change in the
environment so that those nurses do not
were distracted that was this vests
ugly reflective reflective like a cancer
of these that are bought in any
shop to change tires and a
ruler
If you wear your vest, it ‘s that you’re
putting medication if you’re with the
vest nobody can talk to you and
you should not answer to nobody
nurses of course hated him what
they hated with all their soul because they
it seemed a punishment a sign that
they were incompetent in their work without
However, a few months after starting the
I study the errors in administration of
medicines dropped by 47% nobody had
to make no effort of will
nobody had to change anything
consciously just that simple rule
and that change in the environment caused a
decisive change of clear behavior not
we can always change the environment to
start a habit you can not leave
vacation to bora bora every time
you want to learn a new habit though
It is proven that it is easier to leave
to smoke on vacation than at home
because on vacation you do not have the
Context signals that invite you to
smoke
so what do we do when we want
start a habit a psychologist of the
New York University called Peter
goldwaser developed a technique called
triggers of the action that is a
way that we can
anticipate a situation where
we shoot a behavior thus putting the
control of our behavior under a
context signal for example if I am
a student and I have the possibility to
do an optional job to win
a few extra points I have more
possibilities of doing the work instead
to fall asleep if I write in a
paper I will do the work on Saturday such a
9 o’clock in the morning in my office
father just before they get up
because because when we do
that we predispose our body to
react to the signal from the environment
so that entering into that environment
shoot the behavior this technique has
had multiple applications in the
health field and have been obtained
spectacular results when it comes to
get that for example patients
elderly people who have received prosthetics
hip and knee adopt habits of
health to move instead of staying
prostrated by the pain accelerating
significantly their recoveries in
habits that are difficult for the
subject perceives as difficult to
acquire
Creation of intent triggers
multiply by three the possibilities of
success by three from a 22 to a 62 by
percent on average in my own practice
as a psychologist this technique has been
proved valuable because some of the
therapeutic tasks that patients
they have to do they are heavy for example
in cognitive therapy one of the techniques
fundamental is to keep a record of
your thoughts so that you can
detect dysfunctional thoughts
that cause you depression anxiety and other
negative emotions and replace them by
rational thoughts most of the
people have no habit of carrying a
daily for most people is
difficult to sit down when I write with
my patients agreed about
triggers of the behavior of when
and how are they going to sit down to write the
patients greatly increase the
odds of carrying out the task
and therefore greatly increase the
odds that the therapy will be
effective so in summary
we can change people
and we can constantly change what
we do constantly but the greatest
part of the time our changes
can be produced and maintained with much
ease if we look at the environment and
we observe how the environment influences us and
how we influence the environment like the
environment facilitates what we want to do or
hinders what we do
change is perfectly possible but at
contrary to what many people
believe he has absolutely nothing that
see with the will power many
Thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
Y
[Music]
how
I want to tell you to start a
story that to me as a psychologist
fascinates
in 1972 the occupants of the house
white were worried about a
invasion that they feared would take place in
American territory
not an invasion of Communist as in
that chuck norris movie of the
80s but an invasion of junkies and
those Yankees were not other than
American soldiers destined in
vietnam because it seems consumption
of drugs in the American army
destined in vietnam we reach the
astronomical levels that formed
part of life and culture there
just like rock and roll or shooting
the poor people the american soldiers
prior to being destined to vietnam
they showed a pattern of consumption
practically nonexistent less than 1%
they were habitually addicted or consumed
some substance most had never
tried nothing
but they came to vietnam and that
It looked like a town selling drugs or
a master’s degree at five o’clock in the morning
half of them used various drugs
multiple times throughout its
period there shifts that many times
13 months were 1 out of 5 1 out of 5
they were addicted, of course, this generated
huge concern in the government
because logically they thought that we are going to
do with these people when they come back here
what are we going to do with thousands of addicts
the drug loose by our streets with
military training unable to
integrate into society the image was
practically a zombie apocalypse is
imagined for example as the cover
the ‘time’ magazine that most
vulnerable would be the blacks the poor
people with few studies but this does not
the consumption pattern was not true
depended on race did not depend on the
social class did not depend on any
factor that they could isolate
affected everyone alike
people could consume to be in
combat or could not consume for having
had a traumatic experience or not
sometimes some began to consume
because in the hospital I administered
morphine for his wounds but many
they simply consumed because it was what
everyone was
the traditional explanations do not
They seemed to realize that going well
who imagined bands like in the
movies you notice that I like the
movies from the 80s true like in the
warriors bands running through the streets
seeding chaos dangerous veteran
unable to join life
normal a disaster and what happened
nothing happened
around the deployment of vietnam the
1 percent of the soldiers that
they used drugs they kept the habit
of consumption this is the same percentage
that they consumed before the war or more
not least the rest of the soldiers in a
average period of one year they stopped
consume imagine all the brothers-in-law of
the television and radio gatherings
completely bewildered after
spend a lot of time worrying and
eating your head with this and that the
thing was a bit like an anticlimax not
you were going to have an apocalypse if you did not
you had nothing
what roll cut
what happened the answer or a possible
answer came a few years later in 1978
from the hand of a psychologist called brush
alexander who did a series of
well-known experiments like the mouse
park the rat park in these
experiments alexander used a
group of wistar rats that are the
psychologist’s best friends
experimental after the dog
and separated them into two groups one of the
groups was more or less in a prison
and the other was at a resort in
puntacana to give us an idea
that is the group were rats that were in
the typical laboratory cages
isolated and separated from another rat and with
very little thing to do throughout the
day the other group the resort was
in the rat park the scrape that was a
very large space full of tunnels and
places where rats could play
could they explore could interact with
another rat both groups had deposits
of water with morphine at your disposal and
water without morphine the rats could auto
administer morphine whenever
Would you like to go party full heart
and alexander found that the rats that
they were in jail they were administered
much more frequent morphine and for
both developed more easily
habits of addiction but that the rats
that they had other things to do
often they avoided and morphine water
engaged could be playing with other
rats explore and do rat things already
have a good time some rats this
group were hooked on morphine by
course but they were very few
this clashed frontally with the
view that drugs were
addictive in themselves because it is in the
first proof that maybe the environment
It also has something to do and it seems that
these experiments were generalizable to
humans watching how they behaved
American soldiers returning from
vietnam of course the drugs have
ability to cause addiction but it is not
the whole story the environment seems to have
also a weight this is the soldiers
they left an environment in which the
drug use was normal they returned to
their homes many of them came back with
their families, their loved ones
they found a job they developed
healthy relationships
and they left it as simple as that
I started with this story because
as psychologists on whether people can
change and how we change is part
essential of my work our
work psychologists we are
behavior modifiers either in the
consult helping a patient to
overcome a problem either in a
company developing a team to
to adopt a new way of working
whether in a school a counselor
trying to get a student to acquire
Study habits
What we do is study how to change
to people in a way that people change
for better and to get your
objectives and clear what people believe
what happens many times is not what
it really happens when we talk about
human behavior popular psychology
has little to do with psychology
scientific and one of the ideas queens in
regarding the ability to change
humans is the idea that for
change it takes a lot of force to
will that is the reason or the excuse for
the one that you sign up for the gym you go two
weeks and then you stick six months
paying and you never go because you total go
to go next week I greet my
gym by the way from here
in the reason why you start a
diet but as soon as you have a bad day
in gut on the side and biscuit side
and drink meatball
is the reason why you are
students and study exam the day
before all the courses you swear that this
it will not be like that but in the end always
you end up falling because you have to go out
spree because you have no desire other
people if they have it for that, if they
they can change but you do not have you
Will
that idea has indeed had some
predicament in psychology in the
recent years it became quite highlighted
a model developed by the psychologist
roy baumeister that was called model of
ego exhaustion the model of
ego exhaustion from prison ego in
English basically stipulates that the
will would be an energy resource
limited as a gas tank and
that the measures that we have are exhausted
have to make difficult decisions that we
cost habits do not cost us
Will decisions if for example
eat the broccoli instead of eating me
bun as we go taking
difficult decisions are we leaving
being left without will throughout the day
so that we finally end up falling
in our old habits and also the
temptation that’s why most of the
infidelities occur at night
Diets tend to break at night
and all these things
the problem is that this model does not
applaud is still I’m not giving
an excuse to put the horns to
no one
the problem with this is that
this model is being answered
because he is having difficulties
replicate not because there can not be a
true truth in this I think there’s
some of this but because it’s left out
a very important part that is the
context one thing that the modifiers
of behavior we know is that beings
humans like any other organism
we react fundamentally to the
signs that our context sends us
in the same way that for example we crossed
the street when we see a traffic light in
green or when we see a sign like this
we do not approach we like to think that
we have free will and we do not take
decisions because we like to think that
we are rational beings but as he says
total sinister we are rational beings
because we take the rations from the bars
that is, not most of the things that
you have done in this day do not have
a shred of rational decision by
your part and many times we respond
environment so they are
determined by our genetics
our learning history of
our experiences and our habits
and that ‘s what I want to talk about
especially today some psychologists
to explain why it is difficult to change
have conceived a metaphor in which
this understand that it is a metaphor the
behavior is not like that but it ‘s a way
easy to understand
it’s a simplification conceive the
person as a hindu rider riding in
your elephant is worth going through a jungle
on a path through the jungle the
rider and the elephant represent the
person and the jungle and the road
represent the context the environment in the
that this person moves
the rider therefore represents the part
who makes long- term plans the rider
the one who makes the new year’s resolutions
the cinema is motivated motivates the elephant
it’s everything else the elephant is our
gratification our taste for
instant gratification our
habits our emotionality
the elephant is the one who wants to eat the
bun now although the rider has decided
that what it was to eat a plate of
ecological quinoa with boiled salmon
responsible fish farm
the elephant wants to call your ex
winged drunk lost in the morning to
tell that to see if they turn away
the elephant is the one who knows that he has to
study but one has just come out
season of game of thrones and what
wants to sit in front of the TV and
see you learn the elephant does not like
get wet or sweaty and when it rains
that when it rains we are not able to go
to the gym to go running because it’s
it rains and that I like more the
blanket the elephant likes things
the ones you’re used to
the elephant likes even your ex
it’s a bit like ortega and gasset
I would have said I am me and my
circumstance but disguised as Indian and
they rode a five-ton bug
Of course , the elephant is very big
the very small rider the elephant is
put the trunk pull in one direction the
rider the only thing that happens is to leave
lead usually ending in tomorrow
of hangover and regret
That’s how Jonathan Hai explains this
experience that we have all had of
be perfectly clear what it is that
you have to do and do something else
as well as it can be explained because many
times our habits that are
governed by the environment and respond to
signs of the environment have more strength
that our intentions that things
that we try to use as
behavior triggers
the environment does not only include the environment
physical with our strip signals by
here stand here also includes the
social environment the people with whom
we relate the culture in which
we live if you think it is little
important I have heard one thing in the
year 2007 a medical study of the
Harvard University found that if
one of you gets obese develops
obesity all your close friends
multiply by three the possibility of
put on that joint and this is not because
you go all together to a restaurant in
whether or not you live in San Francisco
and your friend lives in new york and you have
constant and frequent contact your
friend puts that joint like him
It influences you influences you
the environment weighs so much on us that
we can change our habits
food without giving us or account
the environment can prevent us from acting or
can force us to do stupid things
as for example devote to consume
heroin while we are in the war of
vietnam because everybody does it there
a classic experiment of the university
of columbia in which they fuck
students and they are told they are going to
do some questionnaires the students
can be alone or in groups of 3
students
they are filling out the questionnaire when
starts an emergency occur for a
grating hidden in the wall starts to
Spurt smoke to fill the
room if the student is alone there is a
75 percent chance that it
lift immediately go ask
help and alarm but when the
student is with more people only the 38
percent of the time and rise
they ask for help think it 62 percent of
the students stayed seated
like cocoon swallowing smoke because all
they were waiting for someone to do
something and since nobody did anything all the
world stood still in a situation
unknown context tells us that
we have to do and if we do not receive
context signs we do nothing
like you now that is entering
here smoke and you are all here quiet
glaring at me
the context determines and the context
inhibits our behavior
It can also be used for the good of
made a small contextual change can
cause huge changes in behavior one
example that I love about this because
also has a wide application is a
experiment they did in the
kaiser south hospital in san francisco
developed by the head nurse
beck and richards bay that richards wanted
decrease errors in the
administration of drugs by
of the nurses because an error in the
medication administration could
be fatal the source of these errors
they were generally the distractions of
people who interrupted the nurse
I was asking about any medical things
nurses other family patients from
patients in the tuna that passed by there
who was
and decided to use a simple change in the
environment so that those nurses do not
were distracted that was this vests
ugly reflective reflective like a cancer
of these that are bought in any
shop to change tires and a
ruler
If you wear your vest, it ‘s that you’re
putting medication if you’re with the
vest nobody can talk to you and
you should not answer to nobody
nurses of course hated him what
they hated with all their soul because they
it seemed a punishment a sign that
they were incompetent in their work without
However, a few months after starting the
I study the errors in administration of
medicines dropped by 47% nobody had
to make no effort of will
nobody had to change anything
consciously just that simple rule
and that change in the environment caused a
decisive change of clear behavior not
we can always change the environment to
start a habit you can not leave
vacation to bora bora every time
you want to learn a new habit though
It is proven that it is easier to leave
to smoke on vacation than at home
because on vacation you do not have the
Context signals that invite you to
smoke
so what do we do when we want
start a habit a psychologist of the
New York University called Peter
goldwaser developed a technique called
triggers of the action that is a
way that we can
anticipate a situation where
we shoot a behavior thus putting the
control of our behavior under a
context signal for example if I am
a student and I have the possibility to
do an optional job to win
a few extra points I have more
possibilities of doing the work instead
to fall asleep if I write in a
paper I will do the work on Saturday such a
9 o’clock in the morning in my office
father just before they get up
because because when we do
that we predispose our body to
react to the signal from the environment
so that entering into that environment
shoot the behavior this technique has
had multiple applications in the
health field and have been obtained
spectacular results when it comes to
get that for example patients
elderly people who have received prosthetics
hip and knee adopt habits of
health to move instead of staying
prostrated by the pain accelerating
significantly their recoveries in
habits that are difficult for the
subject perceives as difficult to
acquire
Creation of intent triggers
multiply by three the possibilities of
success by three from a 22 to a 62 by
percent on average in my own practice
as a psychologist this technique has been
proved valuable because some of the
therapeutic tasks that patients
they have to do they are heavy for example
in cognitive therapy one of the techniques
fundamental is to keep a record of
your thoughts so that you can
detect dysfunctional thoughts
that cause you depression anxiety and other
negative emotions and replace them by
rational thoughts most of the
people have no habit of carrying a
daily for most people is
difficult to sit down when I write with
my patients agreed about
triggers of the behavior of when
and how are they going to sit down to write the
patients greatly increase the
odds of carrying out the task
and therefore greatly increase the
odds that the therapy will be
effective so in summary
we can change people
and we can constantly change what
we do constantly but the greatest
part of the time our changes
can be produced and maintained with much
ease if we look at the environment and
we observe how the environment influences us and
how we influence the environment like the
environment facilitates what we want to do or
hinders what we do
change is perfectly possible but at
contrary to what many people
believe he has absolutely nothing that
see with the will power many
Thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
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