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Le patrimoine, un pont entre passé et futur. | YVES UBELMANN | TEDxCanebière


all
[Music]
this video she was taken in a
museum in a museum that was
completely destroyed ravaged folded it’s
hard to imagine for us but these
images I took them in 2016 in the
palmyre museum in syria a few days
after the departure of the looters then
today how to fight against the
destruction of cultural heritage
against the erasure of history and
Culture
that’s the question I’ve been asking myself since
ten years now and this question has
a priori we can do nothing is
problems beyond us I’m going
try to show you the reverse to
through my own experience so I
am an architect
I worked a lot in Afghanistan
and my commitment came to me in
working on a site called
try me lake
in fact it is a hill and therefore
searched by archaeologists in on
which we found a lifetime
an entire city composed of
two workshop houses but also
monastery a dozen monasteries have
were found by archaeologists with
inside the hundreds of
sculptures of furniture frescos
archeological that informs us
a lot about a culture we know
badly enough kushal culture then the
main problem is that what you
see here is up this monastery
for example everything will disappear in
a few years
everything will be destroyed so why
because under this site we have one of the most
large copper deposits in the world and the
copper these precious is a company
Chinese is there for time to
able to operate the site so at the
place of this mountain
one day we will have a crater then the
archaeologists is trying to fight for
save what can save it’s to
actually say the smallest
sculptures can be transported but
we can not transport
architectures so eventually the
solution was given to us by the
new technology
I proposed to archaeologists
Afghan government to use
drones that allowed us in a few
days to take thousands of image
on this site then general images of
the mountain of architectural images and
d images of archaeological details
it was all worth using
the drones that on this site
there are still many anti-mines
personal this is a site that is still
very dangerous and so that allowed us
to document all so that was to
the era with rudimentary tools
but it still allowed us
a few days to have a vision
General
so these pictures after we used them
thanks to intelligence algorithms
artificial to rebuild the site
in three dimensions so
completely realistic photo and thanks to
this technique
so we work with our computers
in Afghanistan there are regularly
power cuts were forced to
start the calculations again
it was very complicated but by dint of
perseverance we managed to create a
based
this base is made up of billions of
points that take up both the form
mountains the form of architecture and
archaeological details
so this is an archiving tool that is
extraordinary but we realized
also that it was a sharing tool
the site is dangerous communities
scientists can not necessarily
go to this site and they could
continue to work
scientifically to take action
on these architectures on these sites
thanks to this digital base that could
to be visible all over the world then
from these early elements to the end
of these first results that were
which was very interesting for the world
scientific and archeology
I decided to create a start up with
a colleague eight drone pilots
we decided to develop this
technology
we built partnerships a little bit
around the world with
researchers to improve its
artificial intelligence algorithms
which allows us to recreate in fact these
digital worlds
at that time unfortunately in syria
in iraq started the big
destruction of the Islamic state
I had already worked in Syria
I had colleagues in fact that they
came from these two countries
archaeologists who were fighting
daily to be able to save these
fighting sites that were fighting for
heroic way with very little means
there you actually have between
parentheses and technique of
reconstruction and this digital base
which picks up both
the shape of the mountain is also
all architectures so it’s
billions of points that allow for
finally describe a space a
environment with so much
clarifications that archaeologists can
work on it
so at the time of these destructions in
Syria in Iraq
I contacted my old colleagues
archeologist colleagues and for me
it was only natural to offer them
best completely spontaneous but
knowing his know-how
technological a technical support for
help them scan their sites
archaeological and that’s how I
found myself embedded in
adventures and especially the first
adventure was stopping in northern ira where
we were guided by the Kurdish army in
do the pechmergas to the border
of the Islamic state so here we are on
the border of the Islamic state
behind the hills actually it’s
actually the areas in which
we can not access
we came this time with another
drone is called a long drone
distance and a drone that can travel
about thirty kilometers so
completely autonomous so what we do
is that we launch this drone we have this
gigantic antenna that reads beside and
who shows us in real time or and the
drone and we wait and if the drone
then comes back the drone is still
income he returns with thousands
of image and its thousands of images they
allow us again to
rebuilding recomposing sites
here and there you have for example the
3d redesign of a site that is a
very important site of the region that
is called the site of nimes rough at
first plane having a small species
conical hill its hills the calls
ziggurat actually is
sacred monuments and the
Mesopotamian architecture this image
this is the last image of this igora
you we are we did not know
the time but a few weeks more
late the state it is finally about looters
who were still on the site have
completely destroyed 7 igora you are here
the ziggurat as it was when
we flew over it and here she is now
today as it is
completely
bulldozed so this is for
you could take back the importance
fundamental to go on the ground as soon as
that areas become accessible
because it’s a real race
the sites disappear to a very
high speed the same way
a few months later I received a
call Syrian archaeologists who me
said to come in emergency to Damascus for
go to the site of pamiers them
looters of the palmyre site was coming from
from the site so with a team
of Syrian archaeologists a dozen
of Syrian archaeologists I had trained
in Damascus we went on the scene to
already observe the disaster the destruction
of his aunts
we decided to scan one by one each
temples each architectures
which remained on the site
then, of course, we arrived too late
the temples was already destroyed so I
asked myself how
use these techniques to
rebuild the temples as they
were before their destruction
we designed a program capable
to suck on the internet automatically
all the pictures of these temples such
that they were before their destruction
so it’s pictures these pictures of
tourists for example maybe your
images if you went to the site
these images of archaeologists is the most
image possible and thanks to that we succeeded
to bring together more than four thousand images that
have allowed us to rebuild its
temples in their original state
this is a first reconstruction and
here is the reconstruction in temples
the most important ones only from
pictures of the 30s of old
archives we had found precisely in
working with archaeologists
then the idea of ​​rebuilding his sites
in three dimensions as they were
before their destruction
it also allowed us to superimpose
does the current state of the destroyed site with
the state maybe it was before that that
serves us that serves the archaeologists that
serve architects to understand
how the destructions were operated
to see exactly what’s left on the
ground
possibly to be able to imagine in
the future a reassembling of its monuments
to help the restorers we could
to build real bases like that
of data in fact that was
effectively
study tools that are tools
study for the future for the
reconstruction is 6 then that is
in syria iraq
every context asks us to create
a new methodology of inventing
new tools tools
techniques but also tools
strategic on the ground as we
operates etc
but the goal is always the same the goal
it is to preserve this memory and
I will go even further
the goal is ultimately also to show
these countries in the light of their
cultural riches
unfortunately today it pays
only knows them by the war and the
violence while Syria iraq
the afghanistan the libya the yemen have a
story that is extremely he was
extraordinary cultural crossroads
so our our commitment to our job
it’s also about sharing your models with
more and that’s why we
is becoming increasingly involved in the
creating exhibitions so that people
can feel the beauty this
heritage for example that’s a
exhibition we conducted with the louvre
[Music]
Oh
what sites do you want to be your children
will never see by sharing your
pictures you can help us to
rebuild these worlds these worlds
digital that maybe one day
the only witness that have and from this
extraordinary culture of this wealth
that we as a human being have the
the duty to transmit to generations
future
thank you
[Applause]
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