good afternoon everyone I’m gonna take
you back to the morning because when I
wake up in the morning I usually take
two pieces of soft bread put them in the
grill set grill for like a minute or so
until they become slightly Brown then I
like a turkey and cheese on one piece
and spread butter and jam on the other
one mmm
as much as I enjoy my morning breakfast
and eating my morning sandwiches the
thing that I enjoy even more is the
smell of the grilled bread I bet that
some of you if not all look for a scent
to wake up in the morning it could be
the smell of the great bread again like
me or any other bakery product like man
O’Shay or even the smell of roasted
coffee milk or eggs all these flavors
they have one thing in common
mostly they are originated from the
interaction of proteins and sugars
contained in these foods Leicestershire
I’m not here to talk about food nor to
give you a cooking lesson I’m far from
being a chef but I’m gonna talk to you
about a great chef the human body yes
the human body is a great chef it does
not only digest the food that you eat
but also it generates most of the
molecules that you need
take for example carbs and particularly
glucose which is the simplest sugar
molecule whenever you are not eating or
when you proceed so whenever you are not
eating or when you proceed to have a
carbs free diet
this is where your blood glucose levels
will decrease or the brain relies
entirely on glucose in order to generate
energy and to function so your body will
react automatically to this drop in
glucose levels and will start producing
glucose in the liver
eventually delivering glucose to the
blood this process requires several
reactions occurring mostly in the liver
similar to the synthesis of glucose your
body is able to produce many molecules
that it needs through thousands of
reactions these reactions are driven by
efficient workers the enzymes which are
able to forward and reverse these
processes this is why we consider these
reactions of being reversible it’s like
building a puzzle you will start
collecting your pieces and putting them
together eventually either you’re gonna
frame the resulting picture or you’re
gonna dismantle the pieces and put them
back in the box so these reactions are
considered to be reversible but on the
other hand some reactions they proceed
in an unfavorable manner and eventually
they are not controlled by the body and
not driven by the enzymes again among
these irreversible reactions one is
particularly important the unplanned
binding of her sugar to a protein this
reaction is similar to the reaction
occurring in my morning bread and it is
called the Meyer reaction or glycation
this reaction is considered to be
irreversible it’s a one-way reaction we
compare usually irreversible reactions
to baking you mix together flour eggs
milk and sugar and then you bake them in
order to form the cake but this cake
cannot be converted back to its
ingredients
therefore irreversible reactions cannot
be undone and in most of the cases they
can cause diseases and problems
imagine a protein circulating in the
blood like emo globin responsible for
the delivery of oxygen this mo globin
protein can encounter a glucose molecule
and can bind to it eventually this
couple will also attract other molecules
and it’s practically like a snowball
effect this will lead to what we call
the advanced glycation end-products or
ages this is a meaningful acronym
because Ages they do accumulate with age
and also this is important because even
normal individuals having normal blood
glucose levels they can generate these
ages furthermore ages
they also affect nearly every molecule
in your body and every type of cell this
these small units living units
constituting the body hence you cannot
do anything about it and your body seems
helpless
moreover ages are known to be one major
factor in aging also they can lead to
several diseases like Adaro sclerosis
Parkinson disease and cancer just to
name a few but is glycation this
irreversible process really irreversible
recently a group of researchers
including myself showed that this
glycation can be undone in fact a
chaperone called dj1 is able to reverse
glycation separating the sugar molecule
from the protein what is a chaperone a
chaperone is a normal protein that is
normally available inside the cell but
it’s work and rule is mostly important
whenever the body order cell is exposed
to different kinds of stresses like heat
cold and acidic stress usually I compare
chaperones to the rescuers of the Red
Cross in normal conditions you know that
they are present you can even see them
like whenever there is a car accident on
the highway or when your neighbor is
really sick and needs to be transported
to the hospital nonetheless their role
and their number are significantly
least especially in abnormal conditions
like for example during the war so let’s
say that your body is infected by a
virus it will react to this virus by
releasing its own defenses this will
lead to an increase in body temperature
because we have an inflammation
occurring consequently while your body
is having its own battle against the
virus
your cells will start expressing more
chaperones in order to fight any damage
caused by this heat stress or increase
in temperature so back now to
gj1 our chaperone we were wondering why
this protein parkinsonism associated
protein is present in cells during
stress and what role does it play until
we discovered its dig like ace activity
so we were able to show that dj1 is able
to dissociate a sugar molecule from a
protein and proceed with the d glycation
consequently when the j1 is
overexpressed the ages will occur less
or even will could be avoided and all
the diseases that I enumerated earlier
on related to glycoproteins can be
minimized furthermore we showed that
each a1 does not only act on glycated
proteins or on the protein sugar couple
but also on glycated nucleic acids like
the DNA you know that the DNA is the
most important molecule that we have
inside the cell it dictates the cell
behavior it carries the genetic
information and practically it manages
everything occurring inside the cell
consequently glycation of DNA is even
worse than the glycation of proteins
because it can lead to the uncontrolled
proliferation of cells and this is what
we call cancer or even to that cell
death and this is what we call apoptosis
therefore by separating the glucose
molecules and sugar molecules from DNA
dj1 will be able to
vent cancer from occurring but also will
rescue the self from its own death
practically avoiding neurodegenerative
diseases like Parkinson’s disease and
Alzheimer’s yes it’s true that glycation
it’s not really for most of the part the
choice of the lifestyle choices that we
have and hence we cannot prevent it you
can play it smart trying to avoid carbs
from your diet this may lead to the
decrease of glucose that is stored on
your body or even for a fat that is
produced from glucose but it will not
lead to the decrease of glucose
circulating in your blood and deliver to
the different cells therefore the body
your body this great chef will continue
to produce glucose and all the different
molecules that it needs it will continue
to run its reactions it will continue to
cook nonetheless dj1 our chaperone will
be present to protect the body from
glycation reactions from the damages
that occur that are caused by sweet
proteins and sweet DNA it will be able
to reverse back cooking and mostly
decomposed the cake back to its
ingredients
dj1 is able to change what is
our discovery will cause the winds of
change to blow even further bringing our human body to safe harbor thank you
you back to the morning because when I
wake up in the morning I usually take
two pieces of soft bread put them in the
grill set grill for like a minute or so
until they become slightly Brown then I
like a turkey and cheese on one piece
and spread butter and jam on the other
one mmm
as much as I enjoy my morning breakfast
and eating my morning sandwiches the
thing that I enjoy even more is the
smell of the grilled bread I bet that
some of you if not all look for a scent
to wake up in the morning it could be
the smell of the great bread again like
me or any other bakery product like man
O’Shay or even the smell of roasted
coffee milk or eggs all these flavors
they have one thing in common
mostly they are originated from the
interaction of proteins and sugars
contained in these foods Leicestershire
I’m not here to talk about food nor to
give you a cooking lesson I’m far from
being a chef but I’m gonna talk to you
about a great chef the human body yes
the human body is a great chef it does
not only digest the food that you eat
but also it generates most of the
molecules that you need
take for example carbs and particularly
glucose which is the simplest sugar
molecule whenever you are not eating or
when you proceed so whenever you are not
eating or when you proceed to have a
carbs free diet
this is where your blood glucose levels
will decrease or the brain relies
entirely on glucose in order to generate
energy and to function so your body will
react automatically to this drop in
glucose levels and will start producing
glucose in the liver
eventually delivering glucose to the
blood this process requires several
reactions occurring mostly in the liver
similar to the synthesis of glucose your
body is able to produce many molecules
that it needs through thousands of
reactions these reactions are driven by
efficient workers the enzymes which are
able to forward and reverse these
processes this is why we consider these
reactions of being reversible it’s like
building a puzzle you will start
collecting your pieces and putting them
together eventually either you’re gonna
frame the resulting picture or you’re
gonna dismantle the pieces and put them
back in the box so these reactions are
considered to be reversible but on the
other hand some reactions they proceed
in an unfavorable manner and eventually
they are not controlled by the body and
not driven by the enzymes again among
these irreversible reactions one is
particularly important the unplanned
binding of her sugar to a protein this
reaction is similar to the reaction
occurring in my morning bread and it is
called the Meyer reaction or glycation
this reaction is considered to be
irreversible it’s a one-way reaction we
compare usually irreversible reactions
to baking you mix together flour eggs
milk and sugar and then you bake them in
order to form the cake but this cake
cannot be converted back to its
ingredients
therefore irreversible reactions cannot
be undone and in most of the cases they
can cause diseases and problems
imagine a protein circulating in the
blood like emo globin responsible for
the delivery of oxygen this mo globin
protein can encounter a glucose molecule
and can bind to it eventually this
couple will also attract other molecules
and it’s practically like a snowball
effect this will lead to what we call
the advanced glycation end-products or
ages this is a meaningful acronym
because Ages they do accumulate with age
and also this is important because even
normal individuals having normal blood
glucose levels they can generate these
ages furthermore ages
they also affect nearly every molecule
in your body and every type of cell this
these small units living units
constituting the body hence you cannot
do anything about it and your body seems
helpless
moreover ages are known to be one major
factor in aging also they can lead to
several diseases like Adaro sclerosis
Parkinson disease and cancer just to
name a few but is glycation this
irreversible process really irreversible
recently a group of researchers
including myself showed that this
glycation can be undone in fact a
chaperone called dj1 is able to reverse
glycation separating the sugar molecule
from the protein what is a chaperone a
chaperone is a normal protein that is
normally available inside the cell but
it’s work and rule is mostly important
whenever the body order cell is exposed
to different kinds of stresses like heat
cold and acidic stress usually I compare
chaperones to the rescuers of the Red
Cross in normal conditions you know that
they are present you can even see them
like whenever there is a car accident on
the highway or when your neighbor is
really sick and needs to be transported
to the hospital nonetheless their role
and their number are significantly
least especially in abnormal conditions
like for example during the war so let’s
say that your body is infected by a
virus it will react to this virus by
releasing its own defenses this will
lead to an increase in body temperature
because we have an inflammation
occurring consequently while your body
is having its own battle against the
virus
your cells will start expressing more
chaperones in order to fight any damage
caused by this heat stress or increase
in temperature so back now to
gj1 our chaperone we were wondering why
this protein parkinsonism associated
protein is present in cells during
stress and what role does it play until
we discovered its dig like ace activity
so we were able to show that dj1 is able
to dissociate a sugar molecule from a
protein and proceed with the d glycation
consequently when the j1 is
overexpressed the ages will occur less
or even will could be avoided and all
the diseases that I enumerated earlier
on related to glycoproteins can be
minimized furthermore we showed that
each a1 does not only act on glycated
proteins or on the protein sugar couple
but also on glycated nucleic acids like
the DNA you know that the DNA is the
most important molecule that we have
inside the cell it dictates the cell
behavior it carries the genetic
information and practically it manages
everything occurring inside the cell
consequently glycation of DNA is even
worse than the glycation of proteins
because it can lead to the uncontrolled
proliferation of cells and this is what
we call cancer or even to that cell
death and this is what we call apoptosis
therefore by separating the glucose
molecules and sugar molecules from DNA
dj1 will be able to
vent cancer from occurring but also will
rescue the self from its own death
practically avoiding neurodegenerative
diseases like Parkinson’s disease and
Alzheimer’s yes it’s true that glycation
it’s not really for most of the part the
choice of the lifestyle choices that we
have and hence we cannot prevent it you
can play it smart trying to avoid carbs
from your diet this may lead to the
decrease of glucose that is stored on
your body or even for a fat that is
produced from glucose but it will not
lead to the decrease of glucose
circulating in your blood and deliver to
the different cells therefore the body
your body this great chef will continue
to produce glucose and all the different
molecules that it needs it will continue
to run its reactions it will continue to
cook nonetheless dj1 our chaperone will
be present to protect the body from
glycation reactions from the damages
that occur that are caused by sweet
proteins and sweet DNA it will be able
to reverse back cooking and mostly
decomposed the cake back to its
ingredients
dj1 is able to change what is
our discovery will cause the winds of
change to blow even further bringing our human body to safe harbor thank you
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