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Pouvons-nous encore apprendre ? | Fabien Olicard | TEDxÉcoleCentraleLyon


[Applause]
Good evening
so I have a question to ask you is
what you really know what you
know
you have four hours actually I would have
could get here and ask you everything
just what are you really
able to learn something
try to think about it a little bit
very funny to see your eyes most
of you are saying yes
obviously I know that because I am
mentalist I pick that up people who
say yes I regret you
announce that you are wrong
and there is a little feeling of
pleasure that being born to
those who were saying no
and you’re wrong too the answer is
not as binary as that it’s not so
simple than that and that’s why
I wanted to tackle this subject
today
for two reasons because
everything about memory is in
exciting reality and the second
because of the choice of subject I’m going
to develop is that as I chose
that I’m not going to change now it’s
also a weird man actually he
should be interested in a big trap of
our memory is knowledge
retrospective knowledge
retrospective is the fact of knowing
something or believe to know
something zeal is the moment when we
play the trivial pursuit with someone
we say the answer is there always a guy
able that makes I knew this and the
when he says that he is sincere then
that just before you would have asked him
question he could not have answered it
but as he already has this information
him it wakes up something they get
say I knew it’s exactly the
same thing that makes that when we read a
personal development book sometimes
we say no but that I know that it is
easy yes that’s common and we
apply nothing at all from the book me too
I’ve been there also because
that once again we get trapped by
believing I know you
asked something you all go
reflect in your head during
a few seconds
on behalf of three Australian cities
think about it takes a few seconds
this is finished
raise your hands those who have three cities
Australian in the lead quite a bit of
people it’s normal though if I
you said the opposite then canberra
sydney and melbourne without cities
Australian
everyone would have done well yes it’s
know in fact we have to differentiate the
raw knowledge of knowledge
associates we’ll say that in our
brain we have neurons between 68 and
100 billion
not well account and again it’s a
estimate and its neurons there are
organized into population there is a
theory that says on the contrary
our neurons absorbs all the
information we have no problem at
to learn because we already know everything
what we have lived is held back so
instant
so that’s an assumption she ‘s not
validated by everyone but there are some
troubling facts that corroborates this
hypothesis for example there have been some
stories of people who have had
accidents and who wakes up from
the accident we speak Portuguese except
that they are French and that they have
never learned Portuguese of their lives
Portuguese Spanish It’s happened
also with a case of a guy who served
by the Spaniards so that means
it’s not the accident that taught him the
language it means that everything he
had heard heard in his life in
Spanish store it somewhere so
that would mean we have populations
neurons that have to know like that and
to understand this properly
imagine a little the cortex as a leader
corporate hockey is in front of him the 68
to 100 billion employees and when he
a problem to solve he says who has the
solution to my problem and there is a
little group that makes me me but
all the others do me too but
also but also elvis is hyper
complicated for him to determine who in
actually does the solution to that he can
not find it so in fact around
him this organized a small guard
close to the neuron populations
whom he trusts and who
gives the answers they use in
permanence which would mean if this
theory is right and justified that
would mean that every time we
learn something that we train
we are not in the process of acquiring
information and knowledge
we’re just bringing a
neural population of the train station
close the cortex to take the
decisions see a little bit the idea and
it’s very interesting to see the
things under this vision because
since always we say we must
absolutely learn to learn for
absolutely better remember things
I think it should be especially
learn how to recover information that
inside of us and that we have
will come back a little bit later
the important thing is the way when we
learn something we can say we
is in a virgin forest with a shot
cutting we made a plot and more we go
delimit and mark this route more
will easily return to the information
that we had stored so there are several
Technical why the technique by
heart ie we pass like a
nag full full full full full
full of times and the road well
digging and after we know how to go but we
can like that can pose some
tags and find their way more
six months the best way to do
that’s the visualization
there are plenty of people here in this
room that say I do not have a
visual memory
it’s wrong we all have a very good
visual memory of the most times
developed that other times she
is a bit atrophied but we have
all this ability to imagine
things then here I ask you whatever
thing is to play the game you go
you sit down if they wanted to breathe
a good shot to put in condition
of attention and you go game at each
I want to say something
do you want to imagine if by
example at one point I tell you
imagine an apple you imagine a
apple there is no trap had not
need to revise before coming to ford
it’s as simple as that it goes that you
say yes that’s what you had planned
ok ok ok but must admit
now just imagine a
neighborhood arrives a bus we will say a
curry a quarter who arrive here and in
this case there is no seat instead
seats we put a giant hand that
takes the whole place in the case and in
this giant hand is an object in
so giant that pierces the roof of the bus
and also gives them that they are
trying to open fire so I
you say it again because giant with my manager
to nine giants who loses this lot there are 2.6
above you have the picture and well
forget it does not kill you need them
get I just need you
imagine it once because we’re going
pass another picture now you
go on to imagine a big task like
that before if I do not talk about me it’s
obvious of a task is right here
in our great task
it’s a hidden cost and we’re even going
simplified by saying that it’s a blow
of tasks
I need you to repeat all
cost h 1 2 3 it’s scary it makes
sect but that’s it’s good to ride at
middle that too now you go
imagine that here on the tree I throw
eggs
I throw them and it dripping is a
little disgusting but I throw the waters
here just the coast and means a year ago
a man garden but I have in me that
happens too
and then you look longer you wait
we’ll be worth it
and then just ania joey starr who you
look a bit where the menacing jetty of
wine of the city of troyes I tasted it
it is very good so there I throw
aland giant garden gesture here next it
joey starr ago and there I spill wine
of the city of troyes you all have in
head
forget that it’s okay it went well
yes we did not understand
I need you
determine what has been the most
simple for you to visualize what
it was the first part with the bus
the hand the egg and the two ci is that
it was just the shot tasks or is this
that it was all these things that I
filed on stage
is it that the first one
second or third step if
this was the first step know it
is a memorization technique that
is called the reminder table which is
done for you this is the one we have
used I will come back a little bit
just now we have associated our
pictures together to make a small
imaginary skit is a possibility
to tag information to go
look after in his memory
the second technique what was the
more comfortable with that is what we
call the technique momo actually
create a code we verbalize it to make
a phonological loop if you were
more comfortable with that you can
learn to find your ways
coat by the mnemonic if you
were more comfortable with the third
part is called the mental palace on there
will also come back to know there is a
place that you visualize and you drop
information in this place actually
all we have to do is dissociate
associative knowledge we will say
associating things together
like just now australia with
melbourne
that is, these two pieces of information
are in us but now it takes
learn to associate them and the
raw knowledge which is precisely the
things independent australia
melbourne if dexter if you get to
do that then you’re going to create what we
call false memories
that’s exactly what happened to you
did not really see one because I know
it was very bluffing but it was
not on stage
you have not seen playing star on
scene either but yet you have
the memory of that inside of you
you have created a false memory and
our episodic memory
who manages our life experience
of memories are going to actually make for
are you going to remember to
all these things remind you of your
dreams also remind you of
fantasies that you can make yourself
in your head sometimes you will
remember what you did yesterday
you remember that someone
told you that they were coming to
someone but all that is fake
memories and brain stokes in
permanence because they associate it very
quickly these things by picking in
raw knowledge and associating
elements when I told you think a
because you do not need to learn
what is it because you have some
hundreds of card images are you
take one and you had imagined it
when I told you imagine a hand
you ‘re not told then what’s a
hand you have in mind you know this
what is the schema of a hand you have
recovered this gross recognition for
associate it etc etc
so if you do that for the
knowledge that you want garnered
and especially recover later it’s
as the nerve of the war of the
recovery
so it works a lot better I
you talked about the three techniques I
will you detail them a bit more the
reminder table it’s the act of coding
numbers and numbers from 0 to 99 on
can even go further by
images for example one can imagine that
the 1 would be an eiffel tower because the
eiffel tower its rights it looks like a
let’s admit we could imagine that the 2
I draw in your sense it’s a
sign because there is a blow like that
rounds and so this is a table of
reminder it is voluntarily decided on a
completely arbitrary way that you
spoken
a drawing corresponding to each digit
tac tac tac up to 99 which makes
after that when you have to learn a
long series of numbers like a number
phone
a phone number is dialed so
of ten figures and well there we could
already group them by two that’s 5
number and c5 number of vienne 5 images
and if you imagine a little story
with her five images and well she holds
in your head all day
until evening until the next day since
wait for you to go back a little bit
but it’s easy to hold
the story of the notebook not my number of
phone
sorry people who’s nice on
do not care you see a little bit the idea
it also allows you to structure your
learning for anything by
example me for my for my talk
of today I memorized in my
step reminder table
there I know I’m just at the
third step on the 3rd for me represents
a cross because it rhymes and I have a
drawing in my head on a cross and
like that I remember that at this moment
there I had to address all three
techniques
then the second step I you
had said it was there mnemonic
so that’s the codification of
things
there are plenty of techniques that exist
the ones you knew being small
c but where is so ornicar it sounds good
it holds up well and like that we
remember things like that as soon as you
have something to remember a
words collection you can take the
first letter of each word is strong
but something with for example this
gallop this gallop of words I know that with
the first letter I will find the
seven deadly sins
sir you pull wrong I’m a
pitiful novice if I take the
first letter of each sentence I have the
first letter of each planet from
solar system in order so there
mnemonic ranking of major services
it can also be used by making
rebus say that when we have a name of
drugs for example learning it’s
not too much the case I think in your
school but there may be some words
like that if months a bit peculiar
a little complex you can cut them
in the form of rebuses also make a
mnemonic process the mental palace
so that’s great the pam and mental
that will allow you to tidy up all
reminder table and the mnemonic the
mental palace if you’ve never been
initiates it is the fact to imagine takes place
in your head that you know by
heart
so here just now I took the
scene because it’s common to us but
you can take your room
if you want a little place where some
bigger thing like home you
have lived is a child or some
completely imaginary thing but there
it’s a stadium it’s a stage above
you have to be called sherlock holmes in
this imaginary palace in this place
imaginary you will determine a
trip will visit you mentally
always bond imaginary by following
this same journey and at every step of this
way for example me it’s home
from my parents I go back to the garage
then I go to the veranda afterwards
I go to the kitchen then in the
living room then in the toilet etc etc
well I can drop things
mentally for example in the garage
I can drop a little scene that
I created with my reminder table and
and then in the veranda I can
drop a mean of the technical words
that I visualized a rebus a word
something like that and it allows you
again to retain a speech from
retain a court to retain
temporary information to retain
numbers to remember everything you
again want the essential is
to have created a way to have it
marked and to be able to return to
information in a useful way and
effective behind then the real
question
that we can ask is how much
of time it’s going to take me to create that at
every time then I will tell you
a lot of time it’s like that but
that time you win it after
revision because instead of putting it
in a working memory that lasts to
about 18 seconds
you can put this item maximum you
storing it already in the memory
semantics that is part of the memory
long-term
yesterday you gain a lot of time from
this side there if we want to memorize more
effectively it is imperative to do the
deal to take time before
build to analyze his learning
to learn differently the second
thing to do that is
essential
you have to pay attention if you
do not pay attention to what you
do if you are in projection
elsewhere then you will not remember
for example if I leave home that
I lock the door and say to myself
actually but even out loud
to go for a crazy I close the door to
key you can ask me at night in
evening with 2 grams in each pocket
if I closed the door and locked the summer
read yes I remember I say them because
that I paid attention yes I
I’m weird when I’m stuffed game
but if I do it by
automation thinking or is it
I parked the car
I could not go back to
this information so the attention the
time the tension and the third thing
it’s emotion if you have an emotion
to something better we remember
for that we withdraw the beautiful moments
holds the stressful moments of our
life because that marks us a lot
the more it’s something instinctive
in the human being in our brain
so when you imagine small
skits like we did just now
try to take funny moments
no one forgot they had joey
starr because it was incongruous that you
laughed it creates an emotion
so that also you remember better at
final we could say we have a
kind of data memory inside of
we so all the data is
stored and that’s pretty great because
that you will see I will give it to you
demonstrate the you know what you
know and you know what you know
not that is to say in all
stories I have told you
thaler is at some point there
had a rake no you know you
do not know you know you knew
that there were no rakes is this
that in history just now there
had an egg
yes there was how much 2 there you
you do not necessarily have to
remember where are they
you already know that you have
information sometimes we are there in the
movie what’s his name is not you
I know I know it’s here again
once proof that the information is
store well but that’s the way
to access it that jokes it takes
mark all these paths there is enough
exciting because it means that
when we think of the simple fact of thinking
it’s just remembering and
it comes from knowledge
it also means that when you want
create something we’re trying to
think about the future
that is with our knowledge
we are already imagining a
remember that does not exist it’s beautiful me
I like that I think it speaks to me I
I’ll show you something
thing is that just now we went
amused to do small visualization
ask you to hold back anything but you
have returned anyway things
despite you we will retain without the
want decimals of pi this number
irrational and transcendent I ‘m going to
ask me to remember
visualizations and I’m going to decode them
according to the recall table the
mnemonic and the mental palace is
what you can remind me of
first image of what was happening
there was inter exactly so there was
a
and for me because it’s the 4-1 carbon because
what was a hand so one and one
hand for me that’s it so I have to
it’s 1.5 in the hand was nine
is up 9 out of six exactly that
it’s the decoding that can be done with
a reminder table after we’ll do a
mnemonic means remind me what
it was the word cloud touch
the sect is back to their coach
challandais all weber vowels
the ccpc consonants it knows it’s the
first letter of simple you are the
first letter of 3 knows it first
saint bell’s letter the first
letter of 8 the mnemonic and
the mental palace what was I
there so nine areas you have it
guessed here with oi even garden you the
see all this so because the seven
dwarves here we had who joey starr 9.3
I did not find better
and if spilled games what wine of the
city ​​of troyes so 23
ladies and gentlemen unintentionally
without making the effort to do it yourself
have retained yourself the first 20
decimals of pi bravo I think
sincerely that knowledge is only
the wonder and the simple fact that
you are present here to those in silence
dicks then physically or
virtually watching the video
proves that you have deep inside you
fascinating abilities awareness that
has in your brain so so today
you make the deal to take the time
to mark out your understanding and your
memory of paying attention of
put some emotion then you will not have
the keys for once decrying for
harness the full potential of your
memory
but you will literally open the
wears big my name is fabien
olicard thank you for listening to me
[Applause]
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