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Machine Intelligence | Roberto Marchesini | TEDxBologna


[Music]
what is intelligence, a very question
difficult the question that assumes the
fact that we know exactly what
both the intelligence we are generally
used to think that intelligence is
has the ability to solve problems
the ability to solve them promptly
properties with effectiveness as if
indeed the problems were
objective but from my point of view the
intelligence is more the ability to
ask yourself a problem to grasp a
problem of reading in context
the opportunity is therefore a risk to have
some problems
so if we come back to the word
intelligence as the i meant it
Latin intus legere means precisely
read in to look inside and then
more than solving a problem is having
some problems
Ask yourself now the animals are
smart this is the big question
that whatever tolo go arises
animals are certainly intelligent
animals are smart because
they must constantly look in the bottom
of the world of opportunities must
try to translate risks that
maybe immediately they are not visible
but you have to see them here are the animals not
they can repeat the behaviors because
there is a reality that is unique to each
new things happen once
you do a hundred times to the same path
you will do a hundred similar paths but never a hundred
identical paths therefore an animal must
be able to manage news
this is his ability
obviously it places him in front of the need
to be smart but it’s a question
that very often is done to me
intelligence is quantifiable as it is
the smartest animal is like me
he wondered what the animal is anymore
endocrine
which is the most locomotory animal
digestive it is clear that it makes no sense
this question because the animals are
differently intelligent every animal
to his intelligence there is
that animal that has great capacity
communication like dolphins is there
that animal that has great ability to
solve the small problems
that animal such as the lo
chimpanzee that has a huge capacity of
manu loves to manipulate things then
we have intelligence and deeply
different
here is therefore the important thing is to consider
intelligence, a function, a function
animal a function declined in
different way depending on the
species because every species has had to
face different problems
an example common to us is the dog the cat
very often they tell me but it is more
clever the dog or the cat the dog
to a social intelligence to a
intelligence based entirely on
relations
dogs are real politicians
they know how to completely read ours
features are watching if we are
close to someone approaching here
the other a dog can always find the
right solution in the relations the
cat the cat completely different not
they have social intelligence because it is one
soloist is a social animal but it is a
soloist
so it is brought to try to solve
problems
look at the difference a dog comes from
us when a hundred appears something
the cat comes to you when it’s not there
nothing to do is this beauty
of difference, so do not look
these animals in a different way but
what is the big engine
of intelligence because we owe it to us
put this if intelligence intus
read if intelligence and seize a
problem as the problems are grasped but
the great engine in intelligence the
desire because when you have a desire
when you are projected towards something
it’s a bit like when you want to buy it
home and you have no money immediately you have
a problem therefore problems arise
from desires from motivations from
emotions a car does not have
desires has no interests I is not that
I want to make the talking cricket in this
session but I think we above estimate
this artificial intelligence is yes one
great capacity are the tools
phenomenal but we are intelligent
really brought to think that one
intus alloy machine goes deep
welcome a problem because the point
fundamental that the instruments are gods
servants have always been built
to be reliable they were
built to faithfully serve them
our needs our needs
so the car is smart in
as stupid as a clock that
he counts the hours but does not know what time it is like one
thermostat that holds water to the right
temperature inside the aquarium but
he is not worried about the fish keep it
present this a car does not read
it does not simply look like it produces some
functions produces by formations
now we should think about intelligence
artificial in a different way but for
thinking of it differently comes to me
in mind in kubrick and it comes to mind
at hal 9000 here is hal 9000 it really was
smart because he had some
social motivations absolutely wanted
reach its goals because
he had emotions when he discovers that
they want to put it in some way
out of the path immediately
it goes against the astronauts
here is an artificial intelligence that is
really smart so not
solves only the problems that do not
let’s start but somehow start to
to desire
here this is the great frontier the
frontier to which we must keep that
we must keep in mind because one
border if we also want problematic
if we want an interesting border
fascinating but careful because when
a car will have interests
it will inevitably follow itself
it will not follow us exclusively now today
as realized the intelligence
artificial match is a programmer that
in defining a program well or badly
therefore defines the performativity of
this car and then behind a
artificial intelligence there is a
human intelligence there is absolutely one
human intelligence based on all
limits of human intelligence because
I said it before
human intelligence is a cross-section
precise is a precise way of intel
reading the world is not global and we
we are also from a point of view
cultural brought to think that
intelligence is known to calculate this ce
he has left it a Carthaginian heritage among them
so many wrong things that left us
inheritance like the idea that animals
they are machines left us too
this is the idea that we can see intelligently
look at solving both calculate then
all calculation tasks also play games
extremely complex as it may be
playing chess can be solved
how through algorithms or
through the eu ristic, ie
the usual recipes we take in
loan from the real world and we put
inside the car it is clear that a
Certain moment this is a kind of
intelligence that is fine to do i
computer games is fine for
do many preprogrammed things but if we do
we want to have a robot capable of
move around the world
well at the first obstacle stops at the first
obstacle stops because it is not able
to manage the singularity of the world
So then maybe we should start
think of intelligence another way e
start watching what relationship is there
animals and machines because it is not
as he thought cartesio the animals are
machines but more and more machines
they are turning into animals this is
the interesting thing is great scholars
of the maitines of other large centers
they are inspiring to insects for
example to try to understand how
they move insects as they interact
with the world instead want
think of human robots start
think about how these are made
insects as they move as they resolve i
their little problems and then
we will begin to have capable robots
actually interact with the world
able to find solutions because
able to look for problems in the world
here I would like to tell you something
man has always observed animals
to understand and to build his
technology
the big mistake we could make is
to think that we are of the entity
self-sufficient autarkisers
the flight of the birds taught us
that you can fly even before you like
fly already open a dimension
existential
I think it is important to observe them
animal intelligences is important for
understand and to go further
anthropocentrism because thought
post humanist should be a
thought that puts in blackberry before
all anthropocentrism that the great
harm of humanity and we see it from one
ecological point of view and we see it from
a point of view of our relationship
with culture with technology the
limit we have it inside the limit is
our anthropocentric tendency
our inability to look at nature
a nature that has had billions of years
billions to build solutions e
we destroy species at a rate
dizzy and we do these
projections on this technology almost if
was completely disjointed by one
correct relationship with the natural world
with animals with nature I think
post humanism will make sense if
really we will change we will change
horizon if we are really capable of
look at nature with new eyes
with eyes inspired by silence with
the desire to learn
here then if there is a suggestion that
I want to leave you with this magnificent one
magnificent afternoon
and watch the animals look at them
animals around you also look at them
animals you have at home but look at you
them with different eyes
humanized not give us the importance of the
their characteristics because they have
so much to teach us
[Applause]
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