[Music]
[Music]
so if you live in a big city I’m
guessing this is gonna be a familiar
scene to you every year our cars get
better they get safer we built more
highways but there’s no end to traffic
right soon these cars are gonna drive
themselves right the people I worked
with are now trying to make these
commercial and these cars will drive by
themselves but don’t expect your commute
time to get any shorter I’m gonna guess
that if you’re like me you have sat in
inching traffic and just had this
thought what if we could just sort of
rise above this and fly you know you’re
getting late to your play or your movie
or your date wherever and you just I’m
sure you’ve had this thought right so
let’s ask a question we’ve had aircraft
for over a hundred years and why don’t
we fly so if you look at aviation today
it’s really optimized for travel between
cities if you are traveling for the
holidays you’re gonna see this kind of a
scene very soon and that’s because
airports are large complex centers of
infrastructure which are really
optimized to take a lot of people from
one place to another airline traffic
airline travel today is also dependent
on these guys okay they are pilots who
spend a lot of their time training to be
able to fly you safely from one Airport
to another so here’s the problem
airline demand for airline
transportation is growing about 5% a
year and the availability of these kinds
of pilots is decreasing partly that’s
because the cost of pilot training is
actually gone double over the last 20
years and in the next 20 years we expect
that we’ll have a short
of up to 35,000 pilots so what does this
mean right congestion on the ground
inching traffic and then when you go try
to fly you’re gonna spend long hours at
on lay overs cancel flights isn’t there
any other way well I I just want you to
remember two things
if we’re going to rupp transportation
we’re going to have to deal with
airports and train pilots so this
thought has been around for a long time
okay a hundred years ago we were
thinking in the age of the coming
automobile becoming popular we were
thinking about the era Beale in 1924
popular science had this idea in just a
little while it was going to be possible
for you to live in the suburbs and fly
to work and they claimed that it would
be quicker and safer to fly to work than
it would be to drive to work on roads
and highways a little ahead of their
time I think you’ll agree so that didn’t
happen but here’s what we got in the
nineteen sixties in the age of rocketry
and then airplane travel becoming
popular we got the Jetsons now what many
people forget is the Jetsons were
thinking about not the 22nd century or
the 23rd century they were thinking we
would be flying to work today so in the
1960s flying cars had captured the
public imagination and people were
thinking well what if we could park this
thing in our driveway and then just
somehow or the other get to where we’re
going so now fast forward to a little
bit longer a little bit after that we
started to see these kinds of vehicles
come into being ok
they were the first vehicles other than
helicopters that look like they were the
it could be the flying cars they in 1962
the US Army commissioned what was the
first Air Jeep to be able to take off
from anywhere and land anywhere it only
flew for a few minutes and it was really
difficult to control but that was the
first
flying car I’m gonna give you the year
that I was born they were already people
doing this kind of thing okay so we can
get rid of airports but okay so we still
need trained pilots so fast forward 50
years and now we are at the cusp of a
completely new type of air travel so
these aren’t just artists imaginations
they’re that but also these are vehicles
that are likely to come to being and be
flying in the next few years and the
revolutionary concept is this that of
course they can take off and land
anywhere but you’re gonna get inside one
of them or this is the concept at least
and press a button and it will fly you
to where you need to go so the second
piece right
you don’t need airports you gotta don’t
need trained pilots so this is where my
story comes in for the last 15 years
what I’ve been doing is I’ve been
developing aircraft of all sizes that
fly by themselves small ones big ones
and possibly the ones that will actually
guide airline travel or air travel in
the future the flying cars of the future
so what I’m gonna do now is I’m gonna
try to boil down a whole bunch of stuff
that I’ve been doing for the last 15
years into what is it that’s going to be
necessary for these things to be good
enough that you would get on one of them
or put your kid in one of them and send
them off to their violin lesson you know
press the button go right so here’s what
I’m going to contend the aircraft of the
future that will have to fly safely have
to flag credibly you’re gonna have to do
two three things they’re gonna have to
fly safe land safe and then do it
without GPS so if fly safe part is easy
right fly safe his aircraft is flying
along something in his way that it
hadn’t planned on it detects hit it
avoids it and then goes on its way land
safe is like you’re flying along and
suddenly the aircraft has to pull over
for some reason it has to be able to
make sure that it lands without landing
on a hazard or some
object you know if you have a chance of
landing next to the highway not on the
highway the vehicle should be able to do
that automatically the do it without GPS
I’m gonna take a minute now I’ll explain
that to you what that’s about so what I
want to do is I just want to show you
how we turn a vehicle a familiar vehicle
into a South piloted aircraft so here’s
a animation of a helicopter that what we
can do is we can send in computer
signals and then it flies based on those
computer signals we also put some
sensors in the front we’ll put a laser
scanner in the front and then we’ll put
computers in the back laser scanner will
take measurements hundreds of thousands
of measurements per second it will try
to make sense out of that in the back of
the computers and the vehicle will guide
itself and land itself safely here it is
it’s flying and what it’s doing is its
making measurements as it flies looking
at things in front and looking at things
below and making this kind of a map so
it can actually fly safe and land safe
so this is all data that’s coming in
created into a map in real time and it’s
used that data is used to be able to
make these kinds of determinations to
show you how this works
I’m gonna take you to a actual
experiment we conducted for a mock
casualty evacuation scenario for the
army the Army is concerned about not
having to put more people at risk when
they go get somebody that has been
injured so the idea is could you have an
autonomous vehicle fly to the location
of a casualty find a safe place to land
and land there so this is the first time
anyone had ever flown a full-scale
helicopter fully autonomously and what
you see is here’s a helicopter it
approaches it’s been told where the
casualty is roughly and what it’s going
to do is is going to build this kind of
a map and this is a replay of data from
that experiment quickly determines
places that are too rough or too sloped
not good not good to land and then among
them we’ll pick a site which is not too
close to wire streets and buildings so
you can see
vehicle approaches flies over and
without loitering it circles around
it’s already picked to place and what
its gonna do is land ok land safely so
this is 2010 first time a helicopter had
ever flown stake after landing had made
its own decisions chosen a place to land
and landed safely what I didn’t tell you
here is that part that I kept from you
which is the last part which is do it
without GPS for this kind of technology
to work it the vehicle has to hundreds
of times a second determine where it is
and what’s around it okay so today GPS
is absolutely necessary for that so in
fact if GPS were to even go away for a
few minutes because a satellite fails or
it’s being jammed or it’s being blocked
for some reason these aircraft will
literally fall out of the sky so we’ve
been working on saying well if we cannot
have GPS to tell the vehicle where it is
and where to land how would this vehicle
work so I’m gonna take you to an
experiment that might look like it’s
something quite different than flying
what we’re going to do is I’m sure going
to show you an experiment from somebody
running and jumping with a laser scanner
bolted to their head so this is a sort
of a scientist ninja but you’ll see
right so here it is my colleague G is
gonna run and he’s gonna jump and he’s
got a laser scanner on his head and what
you’re seeing here is data from that
laser scan and in real time as it’s
coming in but then he has a little
computer in his backpack that’s able to
take all that data collate it together
and in hundreds of times a second locate
where that laser scanner is and the map
that’s around it okay so this is all
done in real time so now what we can do
is we can fly safe land safe and do this
all without GPS so let me show you how
that works
here’s an aircraft that in his final
descent it’s going a to B it doesn’t use
any GPS its building this kind of map
and what you’re seeing here is a what we
call a point cloud based on millions of
range measurements distance measurements
that it’s taking as it flies and putting
it together so here
is let’s see here it is it’s flying
building this map you can see the map
völva ng turns out that there is a farm
machine right in its way so the vehicle
is able to notice it detect it and then
safely plan a path around it and land
safely so here you see what we have is
all of the building blocks for fly safe
land safe and do it without GPS what’s
new is actually the components are now
becoming small and the software can run
on non exotic computers what it takes to
run this kind of stuff is something
that’s in your laptops today you can see
the kind of maps this vehicle is starts
to build as it is going and it can
understand the environment make
decisions based in this environment so
let me come back to the question I
started with it is 2017 so where are the
flying cars so I’ve been fortunate
enough to work on both the driving side
on the flying side right I’ve shown you
the basic building blocks the technology
is here most of it is here there’s a lot
more work to be done okay but where we
go with this how the stuff becomes
commonplace is really a question of
economics and of policy economics would
be simple to understand like how much
are you willing to pay to fly to work in
ten minutes rather than 40 minutes right
so that’s an equation that we’re gonna
have to solve this is a human kind of a
thing how much do we value that second
one is an issue of policy what kind of
risk are we willing to take gay in some
cases it may be very easy to justify
this in fact some of the people we work
with said if we have these kinds of cars
we have these kinds of vehicles that
would be used in Puerto Rico a few
months ago or a few weeks ago when they
had to deliver supplies and they didn’t
have any roads that didn’t have any way
to get there okay so it’s really
actually about a human factor so I keep
getting this question cars or airplanes
which ones are coming first the ones
that drive
if you ask me I say why drive
autonomously when you can fly
autonomously so I say look up and let’s
fly thank you
[Music]
so if you live in a big city I’m
guessing this is gonna be a familiar
scene to you every year our cars get
better they get safer we built more
highways but there’s no end to traffic
right soon these cars are gonna drive
themselves right the people I worked
with are now trying to make these
commercial and these cars will drive by
themselves but don’t expect your commute
time to get any shorter I’m gonna guess
that if you’re like me you have sat in
inching traffic and just had this
thought what if we could just sort of
rise above this and fly you know you’re
getting late to your play or your movie
or your date wherever and you just I’m
sure you’ve had this thought right so
let’s ask a question we’ve had aircraft
for over a hundred years and why don’t
we fly so if you look at aviation today
it’s really optimized for travel between
cities if you are traveling for the
holidays you’re gonna see this kind of a
scene very soon and that’s because
airports are large complex centers of
infrastructure which are really
optimized to take a lot of people from
one place to another airline traffic
airline travel today is also dependent
on these guys okay they are pilots who
spend a lot of their time training to be
able to fly you safely from one Airport
to another so here’s the problem
airline demand for airline
transportation is growing about 5% a
year and the availability of these kinds
of pilots is decreasing partly that’s
because the cost of pilot training is
actually gone double over the last 20
years and in the next 20 years we expect
that we’ll have a short
of up to 35,000 pilots so what does this
mean right congestion on the ground
inching traffic and then when you go try
to fly you’re gonna spend long hours at
on lay overs cancel flights isn’t there
any other way well I I just want you to
remember two things
if we’re going to rupp transportation
we’re going to have to deal with
airports and train pilots so this
thought has been around for a long time
okay a hundred years ago we were
thinking in the age of the coming
automobile becoming popular we were
thinking about the era Beale in 1924
popular science had this idea in just a
little while it was going to be possible
for you to live in the suburbs and fly
to work and they claimed that it would
be quicker and safer to fly to work than
it would be to drive to work on roads
and highways a little ahead of their
time I think you’ll agree so that didn’t
happen but here’s what we got in the
nineteen sixties in the age of rocketry
and then airplane travel becoming
popular we got the Jetsons now what many
people forget is the Jetsons were
thinking about not the 22nd century or
the 23rd century they were thinking we
would be flying to work today so in the
1960s flying cars had captured the
public imagination and people were
thinking well what if we could park this
thing in our driveway and then just
somehow or the other get to where we’re
going so now fast forward to a little
bit longer a little bit after that we
started to see these kinds of vehicles
come into being ok
they were the first vehicles other than
helicopters that look like they were the
it could be the flying cars they in 1962
the US Army commissioned what was the
first Air Jeep to be able to take off
from anywhere and land anywhere it only
flew for a few minutes and it was really
difficult to control but that was the
first
flying car I’m gonna give you the year
that I was born they were already people
doing this kind of thing okay so we can
get rid of airports but okay so we still
need trained pilots so fast forward 50
years and now we are at the cusp of a
completely new type of air travel so
these aren’t just artists imaginations
they’re that but also these are vehicles
that are likely to come to being and be
flying in the next few years and the
revolutionary concept is this that of
course they can take off and land
anywhere but you’re gonna get inside one
of them or this is the concept at least
and press a button and it will fly you
to where you need to go so the second
piece right
you don’t need airports you gotta don’t
need trained pilots so this is where my
story comes in for the last 15 years
what I’ve been doing is I’ve been
developing aircraft of all sizes that
fly by themselves small ones big ones
and possibly the ones that will actually
guide airline travel or air travel in
the future the flying cars of the future
so what I’m gonna do now is I’m gonna
try to boil down a whole bunch of stuff
that I’ve been doing for the last 15
years into what is it that’s going to be
necessary for these things to be good
enough that you would get on one of them
or put your kid in one of them and send
them off to their violin lesson you know
press the button go right so here’s what
I’m going to contend the aircraft of the
future that will have to fly safely have
to flag credibly you’re gonna have to do
two three things they’re gonna have to
fly safe land safe and then do it
without GPS so if fly safe part is easy
right fly safe his aircraft is flying
along something in his way that it
hadn’t planned on it detects hit it
avoids it and then goes on its way land
safe is like you’re flying along and
suddenly the aircraft has to pull over
for some reason it has to be able to
make sure that it lands without landing
on a hazard or some
object you know if you have a chance of
landing next to the highway not on the
highway the vehicle should be able to do
that automatically the do it without GPS
I’m gonna take a minute now I’ll explain
that to you what that’s about so what I
want to do is I just want to show you
how we turn a vehicle a familiar vehicle
into a South piloted aircraft so here’s
a animation of a helicopter that what we
can do is we can send in computer
signals and then it flies based on those
computer signals we also put some
sensors in the front we’ll put a laser
scanner in the front and then we’ll put
computers in the back laser scanner will
take measurements hundreds of thousands
of measurements per second it will try
to make sense out of that in the back of
the computers and the vehicle will guide
itself and land itself safely here it is
it’s flying and what it’s doing is its
making measurements as it flies looking
at things in front and looking at things
below and making this kind of a map so
it can actually fly safe and land safe
so this is all data that’s coming in
created into a map in real time and it’s
used that data is used to be able to
make these kinds of determinations to
show you how this works
I’m gonna take you to a actual
experiment we conducted for a mock
casualty evacuation scenario for the
army the Army is concerned about not
having to put more people at risk when
they go get somebody that has been
injured so the idea is could you have an
autonomous vehicle fly to the location
of a casualty find a safe place to land
and land there so this is the first time
anyone had ever flown a full-scale
helicopter fully autonomously and what
you see is here’s a helicopter it
approaches it’s been told where the
casualty is roughly and what it’s going
to do is is going to build this kind of
a map and this is a replay of data from
that experiment quickly determines
places that are too rough or too sloped
not good not good to land and then among
them we’ll pick a site which is not too
close to wire streets and buildings so
you can see
vehicle approaches flies over and
without loitering it circles around
it’s already picked to place and what
its gonna do is land ok land safely so
this is 2010 first time a helicopter had
ever flown stake after landing had made
its own decisions chosen a place to land
and landed safely what I didn’t tell you
here is that part that I kept from you
which is the last part which is do it
without GPS for this kind of technology
to work it the vehicle has to hundreds
of times a second determine where it is
and what’s around it okay so today GPS
is absolutely necessary for that so in
fact if GPS were to even go away for a
few minutes because a satellite fails or
it’s being jammed or it’s being blocked
for some reason these aircraft will
literally fall out of the sky so we’ve
been working on saying well if we cannot
have GPS to tell the vehicle where it is
and where to land how would this vehicle
work so I’m gonna take you to an
experiment that might look like it’s
something quite different than flying
what we’re going to do is I’m sure going
to show you an experiment from somebody
running and jumping with a laser scanner
bolted to their head so this is a sort
of a scientist ninja but you’ll see
right so here it is my colleague G is
gonna run and he’s gonna jump and he’s
got a laser scanner on his head and what
you’re seeing here is data from that
laser scan and in real time as it’s
coming in but then he has a little
computer in his backpack that’s able to
take all that data collate it together
and in hundreds of times a second locate
where that laser scanner is and the map
that’s around it okay so this is all
done in real time so now what we can do
is we can fly safe land safe and do this
all without GPS so let me show you how
that works
here’s an aircraft that in his final
descent it’s going a to B it doesn’t use
any GPS its building this kind of map
and what you’re seeing here is a what we
call a point cloud based on millions of
range measurements distance measurements
that it’s taking as it flies and putting
it together so here
is let’s see here it is it’s flying
building this map you can see the map
völva ng turns out that there is a farm
machine right in its way so the vehicle
is able to notice it detect it and then
safely plan a path around it and land
safely so here you see what we have is
all of the building blocks for fly safe
land safe and do it without GPS what’s
new is actually the components are now
becoming small and the software can run
on non exotic computers what it takes to
run this kind of stuff is something
that’s in your laptops today you can see
the kind of maps this vehicle is starts
to build as it is going and it can
understand the environment make
decisions based in this environment so
let me come back to the question I
started with it is 2017 so where are the
flying cars so I’ve been fortunate
enough to work on both the driving side
on the flying side right I’ve shown you
the basic building blocks the technology
is here most of it is here there’s a lot
more work to be done okay but where we
go with this how the stuff becomes
commonplace is really a question of
economics and of policy economics would
be simple to understand like how much
are you willing to pay to fly to work in
ten minutes rather than 40 minutes right
so that’s an equation that we’re gonna
have to solve this is a human kind of a
thing how much do we value that second
one is an issue of policy what kind of
risk are we willing to take gay in some
cases it may be very easy to justify
this in fact some of the people we work
with said if we have these kinds of cars
we have these kinds of vehicles that
would be used in Puerto Rico a few
months ago or a few weeks ago when they
had to deliver supplies and they didn’t
have any roads that didn’t have any way
to get there okay so it’s really
actually about a human factor so I keep
getting this question cars or airplanes
which ones are coming first the ones
that drive
if you ask me I say why drive
autonomously when you can fly
autonomously so I say look up and let’s
fly thank you
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