[Music]
well found today I want to talk to you about
how little we know about ours
universe
in particular of dark matter for
do this let’s imagine we have some
eyes particular eyes that succeed
observe microscopic particles
infinitely microscopic and we start
a trip
first of all, let’s look at that above
that we will see and a shower of particles
that invests us invests us for the whole
life
we call these particles good
vouchers are produced at 10 kilometers of
height in the atmosphere from others
particles that roam wander in the
galaxy also from the extremes of the
galaxy until arriving on earth
how many vouchers we constantly receive from
good sky
let’s imagine with our special eyes
to look at the nail of our thumb
in a minute
we will see two good ones crossing the nail
in the next minute two more on average
now let’s ask the muons are the only ones
abundant particles that invest us
during the whole course of our life
no and then we continue ours
trip and let’s go to the sun at 150
millions of kilometers
here we will see that the sun emits one
huge amount of energy e
lots of particles that this time
we call neutrinos neutrinos are
particles that interact very little
with matter and can cross
infinite distances planets stars without
never interact but we have acquired
knowledge and technology capable
to capture neutrino interactions
how many neutrinos we receive from the sun well
on earth we receive 60 billion
neutrinos through our unity
so if we could see the nail
we will see in a second 60 billion
neutrinos constantly cross us
For all life
how to observe an interaction of
neutrinos we must continue ours
journey and move underground
so in a underground laboratory
like the laboratory of the grand stone in
Italy of these laboratories there is one
dozens scattered on three continents
in the underground laboratories the muons
that we have known before
they can not arrive because they are
absorbed by the rock above the
laboratory in these laboratories
we can open new horizons for the
study of very rare phenomena such as
interactions of solar neutrinos or le
interactions of dark matter what it is
dark matter
let’s jump back in time
in the thirties of the last century
when swi who studies the dynamics of the
galaxies in a known cluster of galaxies
like the hair of berenice in this
heap wiki shows that the mass
global cluster is much greater
of the luminous mass that is the mass
of the galaxies of the gases that host the
galaxy how much brighter it is
he discovers and is an extraordinary discovery
that the global mass of the cluster is
about 400 times greater than the mass
light of the cluster of galaxies then
a universe is a cluster of galaxies
consisting predominantly of matter
not visible that he calls matter
dark
now let’s take another jump and let’s go to
40 years later in the seventies of
last century when vera ruby in studia
the motion of stars rotation motion
around the center of galaxies like
you know a galaxy around the center is
star density dominated by stars
high density and gradually
decreases moving in the suburbs up
to when the galaxy becomes slowly
the darker the light is less bright
that move in that region have
a characteristic way similar to motion
of the solar system planets
well the motion of the system planets
solar is characterized by the fact that the
mass of the solar system is concentrated
in the sun then as you go there
remove the speed of these from the sun
planets decreases in a known known manner
since the days of newton what will come
rog rubin discovers and extraordinarily e
that on the contrary in the stars in the
peripheries of galaxies have one
constant speed of about 150
kilometers per second and should
get away from galaxies forever
do not continue to rotate around the
center because dark matter again
it can therefore explain this dynamic
discovers true rubin that at least the matter
obscure has an abundance in the galaxies
ten times higher than that of the
bright matter the stars and the gas
we know today how to study dark matter
good to study the dark matter of
new ours
journey takes us underground though
before moving underground
we must stress that in the last
decades scientists observing
the universe have discovered that of this
universe we know only 5 per
one hundred
5 percent consists of this
which we are made the planets the sun the
90 per 5 per cent from obscure entities
dark energy and dark matter today
here we talk about dark matter going
in a underground laboratory
scientists have developed
technologies capable of capturing events
of dark matter
how we imagine we have one
we are not argon ocher mass
at least 100 degrees below zero degrees
centigrade in this mass a hypothetical one
particle of dark matter interacts
with a nucleus of xenon, for example
produces a flash of light this flash of
light provides a primary signal
then the bunch of electrons that comes
formed by the interaction produces with a
delay a secondary signal to the study
of the primary and secondary signal
provides researchers with
characteristics of the particle
dark matter
so at the end of this trip
we have understood how little we know
of the universe and there are no two questions left
that I would like to propose the first question is is
difficult to study dark matter
yes we have seen that the first evidence
of dark matter dates back 90 years ago and
scientists think we should
still work for at least 10 years for
understand its nature
the second question is important to the study
of dark matter
this yes is a fundamental jump because
observing the universe as it is
let’s see today its evolution over time
and in the form we look at this today
it is due to dark matter
we are due to dark matter
galaxies and clusters of galaxies
which we have talked about are as they are
we observe thanks to dark matter
therefore for us it is a fundamental jump
a fundamental paradigm in ours
knowledge unveil the nature of the
dark matter that could open us one
new horizon
thank you
well found today I want to talk to you about
how little we know about ours
universe
in particular of dark matter for
do this let’s imagine we have some
eyes particular eyes that succeed
observe microscopic particles
infinitely microscopic and we start
a trip
first of all, let’s look at that above
that we will see and a shower of particles
that invests us invests us for the whole
life
we call these particles good
vouchers are produced at 10 kilometers of
height in the atmosphere from others
particles that roam wander in the
galaxy also from the extremes of the
galaxy until arriving on earth
how many vouchers we constantly receive from
good sky
let’s imagine with our special eyes
to look at the nail of our thumb
in a minute
we will see two good ones crossing the nail
in the next minute two more on average
now let’s ask the muons are the only ones
abundant particles that invest us
during the whole course of our life
no and then we continue ours
trip and let’s go to the sun at 150
millions of kilometers
here we will see that the sun emits one
huge amount of energy e
lots of particles that this time
we call neutrinos neutrinos are
particles that interact very little
with matter and can cross
infinite distances planets stars without
never interact but we have acquired
knowledge and technology capable
to capture neutrino interactions
how many neutrinos we receive from the sun well
on earth we receive 60 billion
neutrinos through our unity
so if we could see the nail
we will see in a second 60 billion
neutrinos constantly cross us
For all life
how to observe an interaction of
neutrinos we must continue ours
journey and move underground
so in a underground laboratory
like the laboratory of the grand stone in
Italy of these laboratories there is one
dozens scattered on three continents
in the underground laboratories the muons
that we have known before
they can not arrive because they are
absorbed by the rock above the
laboratory in these laboratories
we can open new horizons for the
study of very rare phenomena such as
interactions of solar neutrinos or le
interactions of dark matter what it is
dark matter
let’s jump back in time
in the thirties of the last century
when swi who studies the dynamics of the
galaxies in a known cluster of galaxies
like the hair of berenice in this
heap wiki shows that the mass
global cluster is much greater
of the luminous mass that is the mass
of the galaxies of the gases that host the
galaxy how much brighter it is
he discovers and is an extraordinary discovery
that the global mass of the cluster is
about 400 times greater than the mass
light of the cluster of galaxies then
a universe is a cluster of galaxies
consisting predominantly of matter
not visible that he calls matter
dark
now let’s take another jump and let’s go to
40 years later in the seventies of
last century when vera ruby in studia
the motion of stars rotation motion
around the center of galaxies like
you know a galaxy around the center is
star density dominated by stars
high density and gradually
decreases moving in the suburbs up
to when the galaxy becomes slowly
the darker the light is less bright
that move in that region have
a characteristic way similar to motion
of the solar system planets
well the motion of the system planets
solar is characterized by the fact that the
mass of the solar system is concentrated
in the sun then as you go there
remove the speed of these from the sun
planets decreases in a known known manner
since the days of newton what will come
rog rubin discovers and extraordinarily e
that on the contrary in the stars in the
peripheries of galaxies have one
constant speed of about 150
kilometers per second and should
get away from galaxies forever
do not continue to rotate around the
center because dark matter again
it can therefore explain this dynamic
discovers true rubin that at least the matter
obscure has an abundance in the galaxies
ten times higher than that of the
bright matter the stars and the gas
we know today how to study dark matter
good to study the dark matter of
new ours
journey takes us underground though
before moving underground
we must stress that in the last
decades scientists observing
the universe have discovered that of this
universe we know only 5 per
one hundred
5 percent consists of this
which we are made the planets the sun the
90 per 5 per cent from obscure entities
dark energy and dark matter today
here we talk about dark matter going
in a underground laboratory
scientists have developed
technologies capable of capturing events
of dark matter
how we imagine we have one
we are not argon ocher mass
at least 100 degrees below zero degrees
centigrade in this mass a hypothetical one
particle of dark matter interacts
with a nucleus of xenon, for example
produces a flash of light this flash of
light provides a primary signal
then the bunch of electrons that comes
formed by the interaction produces with a
delay a secondary signal to the study
of the primary and secondary signal
provides researchers with
characteristics of the particle
dark matter
so at the end of this trip
we have understood how little we know
of the universe and there are no two questions left
that I would like to propose the first question is is
difficult to study dark matter
yes we have seen that the first evidence
of dark matter dates back 90 years ago and
scientists think we should
still work for at least 10 years for
understand its nature
the second question is important to the study
of dark matter
this yes is a fundamental jump because
observing the universe as it is
let’s see today its evolution over time
and in the form we look at this today
it is due to dark matter
we are due to dark matter
galaxies and clusters of galaxies
which we have talked about are as they are
we observe thanks to dark matter
therefore for us it is a fundamental jump
a fundamental paradigm in ours
knowledge unveil the nature of the
dark matter that could open us one
new horizon
thank you
Please follow and like us: