telling people to study more does not
necessarily help in some cases it might
actually worsen their performance taking
notes so vital but most students who do
it haven’t learned a very simple rule
the first moment you get after a class
ideally right after the class you should
sit down with your notes and expand on
everything you jot it down give it depth
flesh it out okay if you even wait to go
home and do it a couple hours later you
will have forgotten some of your own
notes how do you know you know it if you
can look at it go to the next one read
it and then stop and go back to the one
before look up in the sky and in your
own words say what that was about
yeah you know it now a lot of students
don’t realize how much were controlled
by environmental cues get a little lamp
and it becomes your study lamp so if you
have to study in your bedroom turn on
the lamp and start studying the moment
you lose your edge fifteen twenty thirty
minutes later
turn the lamp off get up and leave the
desk what you’re training yourself to
study while seated there and it becomes
increasingly automatic as did the
raising of the hand
you sit turn the lamp on and you’re
ready to go it’s like magic your brain
has to be focused to be really studying
not time-sharing back and forth the more
active you are in your learning the more
effective and yet increasingly I have
students who think studying is reading
it over and over and they’re gonna have
some magical thing where they suddenly
understand it and remember it well first
you have to decide what am i learning is
it a concept or a fact okay
understanding the name of a bone is a
fact understanding what it does in the
body gets into a concept okay so in
studying sometimes there are a lot of
facts and
they use Anatomy is a good example you
got to memorize bones muscles organs
tissues a lot of it but if you simply
memorize and don’t understand the
function of it the comprehension of the
actual concepts it’s a lot of wasted
learning really just to know a name of a
bone is like yes so what but in most
college classes what we as professors
are most concerned about is that you
grasp the concept because concepts once
grass will stay with you a lifetime can
you put the concept in your own words if
you can’t you don’t really understand it
okay it’s not meaningful to you to make
it meaningful is a struggle it’s
probably the biggest struggle you have
as a student but it’s a struggle you
need to do or you’re wasting your study
time people are incredible at confusing
recognition with recollection your
visual recognition threshold is so great
you can see a person once see them years
late and go I know you you’ve
highlighted the most important stuff you
now go back to study it you said oh I
remember it so do you study it no so
what don’t you learn the most important
part of the chapter most of you undo
good studying by not sleeping out of
early
we’re not sure exactly how but there’s
something going on it involves the
hippocampus it involves the storage from
a transitory long-term memory to a
permanent what we call consolidation but
we’re getting increasing evidence that
that consolidation process is dependent
on rapid eye movement sleep which if
you’re an adult happens about every hour
and a half once you fall asleep if
you’re not getting a good night
typically around eight hours you’re not
getting enough REM what you’ve studied
doesn’t become permanent I can tell you
there are studies that show simply by
getting better rest some students
improve markedly in their performance
because their brain now stores it a lot
more efficiently by the way if you know
anybody with sleep apnea biggest thing
they’ll tell you is I can’t remember
anything my brain shot it’s like my
memories gone yeah it is because your
Reming isn’t happening because you wake
up so often and you can’t consolidate
and store permanent memories here’s the
funny thing there’s no money to be made
by telling people to get more sleep so
you don’t hear about it on TV sylveon
isn’t telling you to get better sleep
because they don’t make any money I tell
students and they go yeah that’s nice
but they continue to use their time for
other things it’s kind of interesting
isn’t it the best advice sleep better
and most of you will do better most of
you won’t even begin to take it I know
why he got so many other things to do
I’d ask you this are they important
you’re studying and learning the most
important thing you’re doing as a
student if so maybe you need to give up
some of the other activities I have
students tell me I don’t have enough
time there’s two twat 162 hours in a
week we all have the same amount of time
marty has no more nor less than anybody
in this room real question is what do I
do with my hundred and sixty-two hours
what I want to do is show you
graphically what I’m talking about
let’s say this is efficient studying and
I know there are no numbers there but
higher means more efficient lower means
low or no efficiency and this axis were
looking at time here’s what happens for
the average student for her 6 o’clock in
the evening after her supper at the
residency dining hall she plopped
herself down at her little study area
and started studying but here’s what
happened
[Music]
by about 6:30 she was in a major slump
but what was her goal to study 6 hours
so she continued to sit at her little
desk and stare at pages until midnight
she was at her desk 6 hours how long did
she actually study about 20-30 minutes
now there’s a simple conduct in
psychology that all of you are aware of
things that are reinforced we tend to do
more of things that are punished or
ignored we tend to do less of you know
we operate by those principles to a
large degree if you’re sitting there for
six hours are you feeling good now once
you get here you’re looking at your book
going I hate geography I hate literature
I hate psychology
all the things we’re trying to get you
to fall in love with you’re hating it
and so her actual good studying was
followed by five and a half hours of
pain and misery I would bet you I don’t
know for a fact that as the quarter
progressed she sat down
and finally she was done before she even
started she sat down and just stared at
a book and she flunked every class the
moment you start to slide you’re
shoveling against the tide what you need
to do is what take a break here’s what’s
cool about it you can study for a half
hour it doesn’t take a half hour break
to recharge your batteries for most
people about five minutes and this is
where you go away do something fun for
five minutes and actually say this is my
treat for having studied for 30 minutes
effectively go back and here’s what
happens
your efficiency is nearly a hundred
percent study a half hour take a break
study a half hour study half dollar had
she done that over a course of six hours
she would have got about five and a half
hours of serious studying and about a
half hour of total break time sq3r
survey that’s the s question that’s the
Q then you have three hours read recite
review so how do you do the survey these
are not novels in a novel you wouldn’t
want to read the last page would you
find out who done it
they’d ruin the whole thing but this is
a textbook so what you do is you
actually go through the entire chapter
you look at pictures okay what’s this
about apples what’s this about a
duckbill platypus okay and what you’re
doing is you survey you ask questions it
only takes a couple of minutes to survey
a chapter in any class as you’re
surveying you simultaneously raise
questions what you’re doing then is
causing you to be looking for answers
and this is a powerful thing how many of
you have noticed when you’re looking
through a newspaper for a piece of
information you can find it it kind of
jumps out at you but if you’re kind of
reading it haphazardly kind of casually
most of what you read you don’t even
remember
there’s something about it and I can’t
explain it I can only describe it if you
intend to find something you find it and
I’ve got a little demonstration I could
have brought where I actually show up
placard with the words Boston and London
printed on them and I hold it up for 20
seconds out of a group this size maybe
two or three of you’d see Boston and
London because before I do it I tell you
to look for letters symbols and numbers
I create what’s called a set you’re now
expecting not to see words but letters
and even though Boston and London are
printed on diagonal most people don’t
see it likewise if you just kind of go
through a book without asking questions
first
you kind of schizoar the content you
don’t have the search mechanism going
okay the reading followed by the
recitation I talked about that
technically before a test it should be
review it should be in the barn
now you’re just touching up to make sure
you haven’t lost anything or confused
anything but I know how this works
because we schedule tests most students
don’t start studying until shortly
before an exam and much like my friend
it puts so much time all massed together
and only study for about a half hour
pull all-nighters so they don’t get the
good rest come in and do poorly you’re
undoing yourself if you start studying
early and do some of the things I’ve
talked about by the time you get to the
test
you’re just reviewing at that point not
truly studying
[Music]
[Music]
necessarily help in some cases it might
actually worsen their performance taking
notes so vital but most students who do
it haven’t learned a very simple rule
the first moment you get after a class
ideally right after the class you should
sit down with your notes and expand on
everything you jot it down give it depth
flesh it out okay if you even wait to go
home and do it a couple hours later you
will have forgotten some of your own
notes how do you know you know it if you
can look at it go to the next one read
it and then stop and go back to the one
before look up in the sky and in your
own words say what that was about
yeah you know it now a lot of students
don’t realize how much were controlled
by environmental cues get a little lamp
and it becomes your study lamp so if you
have to study in your bedroom turn on
the lamp and start studying the moment
you lose your edge fifteen twenty thirty
minutes later
turn the lamp off get up and leave the
desk what you’re training yourself to
study while seated there and it becomes
increasingly automatic as did the
raising of the hand
you sit turn the lamp on and you’re
ready to go it’s like magic your brain
has to be focused to be really studying
not time-sharing back and forth the more
active you are in your learning the more
effective and yet increasingly I have
students who think studying is reading
it over and over and they’re gonna have
some magical thing where they suddenly
understand it and remember it well first
you have to decide what am i learning is
it a concept or a fact okay
understanding the name of a bone is a
fact understanding what it does in the
body gets into a concept okay so in
studying sometimes there are a lot of
facts and
they use Anatomy is a good example you
got to memorize bones muscles organs
tissues a lot of it but if you simply
memorize and don’t understand the
function of it the comprehension of the
actual concepts it’s a lot of wasted
learning really just to know a name of a
bone is like yes so what but in most
college classes what we as professors
are most concerned about is that you
grasp the concept because concepts once
grass will stay with you a lifetime can
you put the concept in your own words if
you can’t you don’t really understand it
okay it’s not meaningful to you to make
it meaningful is a struggle it’s
probably the biggest struggle you have
as a student but it’s a struggle you
need to do or you’re wasting your study
time people are incredible at confusing
recognition with recollection your
visual recognition threshold is so great
you can see a person once see them years
late and go I know you you’ve
highlighted the most important stuff you
now go back to study it you said oh I
remember it so do you study it no so
what don’t you learn the most important
part of the chapter most of you undo
good studying by not sleeping out of
early
we’re not sure exactly how but there’s
something going on it involves the
hippocampus it involves the storage from
a transitory long-term memory to a
permanent what we call consolidation but
we’re getting increasing evidence that
that consolidation process is dependent
on rapid eye movement sleep which if
you’re an adult happens about every hour
and a half once you fall asleep if
you’re not getting a good night
typically around eight hours you’re not
getting enough REM what you’ve studied
doesn’t become permanent I can tell you
there are studies that show simply by
getting better rest some students
improve markedly in their performance
because their brain now stores it a lot
more efficiently by the way if you know
anybody with sleep apnea biggest thing
they’ll tell you is I can’t remember
anything my brain shot it’s like my
memories gone yeah it is because your
Reming isn’t happening because you wake
up so often and you can’t consolidate
and store permanent memories here’s the
funny thing there’s no money to be made
by telling people to get more sleep so
you don’t hear about it on TV sylveon
isn’t telling you to get better sleep
because they don’t make any money I tell
students and they go yeah that’s nice
but they continue to use their time for
other things it’s kind of interesting
isn’t it the best advice sleep better
and most of you will do better most of
you won’t even begin to take it I know
why he got so many other things to do
I’d ask you this are they important
you’re studying and learning the most
important thing you’re doing as a
student if so maybe you need to give up
some of the other activities I have
students tell me I don’t have enough
time there’s two twat 162 hours in a
week we all have the same amount of time
marty has no more nor less than anybody
in this room real question is what do I
do with my hundred and sixty-two hours
what I want to do is show you
graphically what I’m talking about
let’s say this is efficient studying and
I know there are no numbers there but
higher means more efficient lower means
low or no efficiency and this axis were
looking at time here’s what happens for
the average student for her 6 o’clock in
the evening after her supper at the
residency dining hall she plopped
herself down at her little study area
and started studying but here’s what
happened
[Music]
by about 6:30 she was in a major slump
but what was her goal to study 6 hours
so she continued to sit at her little
desk and stare at pages until midnight
she was at her desk 6 hours how long did
she actually study about 20-30 minutes
now there’s a simple conduct in
psychology that all of you are aware of
things that are reinforced we tend to do
more of things that are punished or
ignored we tend to do less of you know
we operate by those principles to a
large degree if you’re sitting there for
six hours are you feeling good now once
you get here you’re looking at your book
going I hate geography I hate literature
I hate psychology
all the things we’re trying to get you
to fall in love with you’re hating it
and so her actual good studying was
followed by five and a half hours of
pain and misery I would bet you I don’t
know for a fact that as the quarter
progressed she sat down
and finally she was done before she even
started she sat down and just stared at
a book and she flunked every class the
moment you start to slide you’re
shoveling against the tide what you need
to do is what take a break here’s what’s
cool about it you can study for a half
hour it doesn’t take a half hour break
to recharge your batteries for most
people about five minutes and this is
where you go away do something fun for
five minutes and actually say this is my
treat for having studied for 30 minutes
effectively go back and here’s what
happens
your efficiency is nearly a hundred
percent study a half hour take a break
study a half hour study half dollar had
she done that over a course of six hours
she would have got about five and a half
hours of serious studying and about a
half hour of total break time sq3r
survey that’s the s question that’s the
Q then you have three hours read recite
review so how do you do the survey these
are not novels in a novel you wouldn’t
want to read the last page would you
find out who done it
they’d ruin the whole thing but this is
a textbook so what you do is you
actually go through the entire chapter
you look at pictures okay what’s this
about apples what’s this about a
duckbill platypus okay and what you’re
doing is you survey you ask questions it
only takes a couple of minutes to survey
a chapter in any class as you’re
surveying you simultaneously raise
questions what you’re doing then is
causing you to be looking for answers
and this is a powerful thing how many of
you have noticed when you’re looking
through a newspaper for a piece of
information you can find it it kind of
jumps out at you but if you’re kind of
reading it haphazardly kind of casually
most of what you read you don’t even
remember
there’s something about it and I can’t
explain it I can only describe it if you
intend to find something you find it and
I’ve got a little demonstration I could
have brought where I actually show up
placard with the words Boston and London
printed on them and I hold it up for 20
seconds out of a group this size maybe
two or three of you’d see Boston and
London because before I do it I tell you
to look for letters symbols and numbers
I create what’s called a set you’re now
expecting not to see words but letters
and even though Boston and London are
printed on diagonal most people don’t
see it likewise if you just kind of go
through a book without asking questions
first
you kind of schizoar the content you
don’t have the search mechanism going
okay the reading followed by the
recitation I talked about that
technically before a test it should be
review it should be in the barn
now you’re just touching up to make sure
you haven’t lost anything or confused
anything but I know how this works
because we schedule tests most students
don’t start studying until shortly
before an exam and much like my friend
it puts so much time all massed together
and only study for about a half hour
pull all-nighters so they don’t get the
good rest come in and do poorly you’re
undoing yourself if you start studying
early and do some of the things I’ve
talked about by the time you get to the
test
you’re just reviewing at that point not
truly studying
[Music]
[Music]
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