under a while just by training one of my
students we could go asking about the
my life force zero the answer is from
nor while sister and I’ll block and I
can possibly describe that s by Counting
Elektra intended about five years ago
biology department at the University of
Washington it was a lecture to us on how
to talk people didn’t accept evolution
and the person giving a lecture said
what way to do that is circumscribed
what science can do and what it can and
he said well the first example I would
give you is that girl biology will never
be able to tell us why certain people
find music the box so beautiful and high
anointing we’re wasting the hand and
said I’m sure about that because it may
not be true because 20 years ago if if
someone could come up to me and said
we’re going to studying human
consciousness at the single cell a
physiological level I think people
looked it up person might not most
holler maybe move along location they’re
waiting face up no longer true on the
progress of the last 10 to 15 years in a
while as we’re approaching probably the
most intractable problems in science
which is who they are and how this
three-pound lump of jell-o like
substance inside our skulls actually
creates a phenomenon of consciousness of
the progress has been astonished and it
is no longer considered a non-scientific
person and what I’d like to do today is
share with you some aspects of the
progress that has been made
understanding the biology of human
consciousness and these are the
principles I’d like to talk about today
first of the brain is to see the
consciousness that’s
we’re still talking for a minute about
the history of that concept top number
two the brain is more complicated than
the third thing I talk about is the most
important here is your senses vision and
hearing are not there to report the
world as it is it’s actually fun to talk
right after a photographer without
vision your senses are there for one
purpose to distort the world in order to
do a lot number four another surprising
outcome of the last episode is we don’t
actually have to perceive something to
happen and this is an astonishing data
along with my committees and finally
it’s very closely related concepts the
brain is divided into very specific
areas that so serve very complex
functions and consciousness and disease
or stimulation of small brain areas and
take those are waiting from you very
specific but can really quite surprising
things so let’s get a long time ago with
the properties up until the properties
started thinking about the question of
this disease known as epilepsy those
thought to be as a mine disease given to
people by God now the properties argued
against that we have never bought the
sacred disease in fact explicitly saying
would and he used the term great disease
and by the way that comes to us today
the term draw wall Aleksey great physics
and he said well the reason we think I’d
love to use a gift from God and so
spooky is just we don’t have the
experience to understand something that
happens in the front and the same thing
to be said for the idea of consciousness
we think it’s something unusual and
scooting because we just don’t
understand the brain level and there’s
one special thing about studying the
brain that my students are often
bothered by the is that it’s a recursive
in their way for example I spend about a
week in my class talking about the
molecules of the brain that are involved
in learning and inevitably a stupid
raise their hands sometime before the
exam and say so how should I study this
and I remind them that what they’re
learning this material they’re using the
molecules involved in learning in order
to learn about molecules involved in
learning and this disturbs our students
a lot I said what relation
easy to welcome them of course it
doesn’t but you’re using Corbett you’re
studying to study you are to take your
study and this is cut special problem in
all of science he makes neurologically
the brain is enormous inside your skull
or approximately 86 billion neurons
themselves you know in a presidential
election year in the aftermath
intellectually these numbers don’t mean
anything it sounds like a tax cut across
the reward something but I challenge you
to be impressed by that number count on
your homework this view today I’m gonna
live account that once per second 24/7
365 days a year
when did you have to start your homework
we hit all those neurons power to turn
it in today and the answer I think is
very surprising for many people 710 BC
taking almost three thousand years
counting one per second count the
neurons inside of the head founding of
Rome about that your local poet was
Homer
you could’ve oughta look at his poems
that way no the printing press would be
invented for a thousand years
this is extraordinary complex structure
by the way made those neurons in three
months at the peak of building of
neurons when you were in utero you were
cranking out a quarter million open per
minute that’s my mom
that’s exactly okay let’s talk about the
census a little bit now especially about
vision your visual system was not
created by those nice camera engineers
those people talk about it’s created by
college and it was created for one
purpose Kiko a lot long enough to make
so there’s no reason to think that your
senses should report for the world as it
is they report a very distorted version
of the world in order to do a lot and
there are three examples that we’ll go
through in some very interesting
pictures about how that happens let’s
look at your visual system for example
your visual system enhances contrast and
predicts pattern at the expense of
almost entirely giving up your
perception of light intensity you don’t
see light intensity you think about an
alternative you create something called
color constancy in the world so the
object of certain color when it moves
the twenty different sources of light
actually emits radio wavelengths Drive
and then it really good we don’t want to
be confused by a predator thinking it’s
not the same object as into the blood
sources so your brain alters your
perception color can create constancy of
color in different light sources and it
makes a lot of mistakes along maybe most
importantly in fills in missing
information by guessing patterns I don’t
know how much our gorgeous Peter is
willing to spend on amber like toy your
eyes how about a magnet so going back to
your brain some pretty lousy camera no
one the bottom line it fills in it
guesses it creates things that aren’t
there in order to make you think you
have a very little office every one of
these things and many others cause very
significant
so let’s look at the projector will do
this I’m actually impossible truth
lights off these orange things they’re
going to they’re going to boss down with
some of these slots
I think we like that about the lights
there Thanks I can’t see where you are
so I hope this is is important relevant
I went to a lot of trouble to make this
slide it was it’s not easy in PowerPoint
to create these rectangles here notice
each one is a very smooth grading from
darker or lighter darker the lighter
like that not true terrible I didn’t
create a reference like that these
rectangles look absolutely uniform in
their gray from here keep your little
bit lightly as you go from right to left
as you can and these may appear to your
eyes is the enhanced this line so
because this piece of grey isn’t
something dark the radiance of light
here is next to light your brain makes
it darker you see more lines that exist
there that’s so you can scalp lots of
predators you state a lot you can see
the straightest Levi’s blacking out the
confusing information here this looks
like very uniform shade of grey left or
right here also does that’s your eyes
distorting reality and commencement
progress
well you don’t want to see something
like this in the world so thank you but
you do want to see something like this
it’s just more complicated just work
it’s got a shadow across it’s got a
cylinder here um and and rot your brain
predict this very nice pattern
adjustable
you know we should see but I think it
must be behind a little distressed if I
tell you that the square here labeled a
and the square that it will be here are
exactly similar code that is a is not
ordered and we can show you this by
including the information a we are
exactly the same
now you’re very motivated intelligent
people’s not to know that I’m sure you
will be able to perceive them as the
same line go backwards here assuming
that this commuted okay people you can’t
undo what your brain is doing to predict
this pattern color constancy the colored
Hospital different eliminations also
creates paths and reporting what’s
actually in the world
it’s the rather complicated figure sort
of a super steroid Rubik’s Cube in two
different lumination is yellow and you
have no trouble at all detecting the
same pattern power here in this space
sang-kyu unfortunately I would
actually concentrate on the four blue
squared and the second yellow squares
like would it disturb you if I told you
they were exactly the same color
let’s look keep your eye on this blue
square right you and this micelle is
clear right
so other than the fact that they are the
same and the beetle woman has any color
you did just great you will work that
reality in quite an extreme way in order
to do what your brain you like to do
which is to understand reduce you insane
independent of the light source so
you’re not reporting reality in fact if
you think hard enough about it to see
the factor is really greater than the
kind of evidence that reality exists at
all
outside of your brain on this key it
very disturbing got that – grace players
here you would not argument I think that
they’re the same shade of grey and
Washington and change taller how they
match yellow and blue over there not
even worse I am grace we’re good nice
and slide across see how you can bring
out you know that is going to be very
little time so you can override your
rates Distortion good bread bread cut up
blue come on about your poem
no people sleeping messed up with your
perception forgot
another thing your brain loves to do to
help your vision is to fill things in it
predicts what’s there it fills in the
whites or the relatively not there’s no
square and this figure much better but
your brain is making a prediction here
it’s very unlikely to par for 3/4
circles in the world is back to brain
says ok there aren’t there are four
circles and there’s a white square leg
over the next well I’m going to see to
do that on there filling a line right
here and I’m going to make this a little
bit lighter than this it’s not there is
no square there and there’s almost no
weight on the seat back because your
brain works with speed and prediction to
rely and sacrifices reality all of us it
helps you’re going to know the specifics
sometimes if you want to activate this
filling in pattern that interesting way
this looks like you know something broke
up a little on top on the hammer
they don’t think any sex but let’s still
sitting on telling your brain that
there’s something missing and activating
your brain’s ability to fill in the gaps
and watch how quickly you’ll see set by
copies of the letter P even when you
know it’s there hang back cancel the
brains filling in something that doesn’t
exist and making a very compelling
picture of the letter B here because it
should it not because it’s there um this
is filling in the axon prediction
hearing out some prediction if you think
you know what you’re about to hear you
hear so I’m going to playable this place
well the sound created here are two
copies of the distorted human voice
saying something I imagine you will not
be able understand then they’re going to
play through actual recording that was
restored to Subway Washington DC and
then they’re going to play the original
discordant sound again you see how much
better you
[Music]
[Applause]
[Applause]
okay yes it was I warn you this is
called Adam can’t unhear that sound
without a comprehensive it’s different
it’s six months possibly longer because
we set up a set of neural activity in
the auditory parking cortex it’s looking
for that sound of a motor it appears it
is dramatic you cannot hear that sound
sorry and here one community okay
now even more disturbing basically
results about the consciousness people
have to perceive things that I will show
you for example if you put your head on
hot stove and put your hand back before
you feel the pain you can locate objects
in the world without seeing them and
information retention rate reduction
from and break it out of certain ways of
this picture spinal cord through this a
moment is a shortcut to your chest here
that’s resulting habakkuk gallons five
for regular this is cookies and in red
there’s a nerve zealots including pain
put your hand on a stove this nerve cell
to helps the nervous system pain sends
the information to this motor so on the
spinal cord here in this sense
information is flat himself goes output
of your nerves and make some muscle from
that’s how you can ganks back from ng
never those different the result a
little has a branch goes all the way up
to the brain so this is a pathway right
here within your spinal cord and get
away this is the pathway to consciously
it received very parallel not experience
you do not feel the pain before you draw
you would have brought pain way before
the milk propane why it’s fast if you
put your hand on Moscow and waiting for
your brain to encode information that
hand we could burn so you withdraw
before you move pain so a lot of all
they would feel the pain at all multi
reasons one is act on those speech
centers a separate etc from dolls
known as your motive speech well call it
squaring this will activate that pathway
sir
square not joking also you were not
let’s look for example the competition
information perplexity great eyes appear
in front this is a color coded entry
brain details that matter information
from the I will information s up first
right here in the back of the brain odds
for this place equation e is not very
obscure I say intelligent design the
information that is analyzed in
percolates forward in bringing us so two
separate parallel paths here to the
cyber brain for perception up here is
top of the brain for movement this is
where you consciously see things but
this is where you operate on catch a
wall oh it’s something astronomy that
operated parallel is it possible in
human to take this away this one cat in
fact yes attack that’s followed
blindside here’s what happens it’s
called posting fast because of Simon
Colosimo confessed it will rotating
circular slot you put it different
angles and ask people what’s the angle
and you ask them to mail a lot of
purpose then you only get one thought
you can’t steal around what they have to
get run this but little and here we plot
what these people do is ask them the
angle of this slot and whatever angle is
is always part of
error a normal person is really good
tell us exactly these lobbies that I
bring in one of these people has had a
stroke this destroyed this one piece of
the visual system they think you’re
stupid for asking
I can’t see anything my why why are you
asking a stupid question
I’m sure they have no idea what angle
this thing is out now you asked me mail
the letter and then the person who’s
blind say they get insulted less
consistent the context we know no matter
I can’t see this thing guess ok then
just as well as the opportunities these
are people walk into them and they let
around the room a little bit and say go
to the table cut them all and say don’t
talk about that I’m fine well guess
they’ll walk right to the table or and
oh well they’re handy size size the ball
they get on they’re using visual
information without being able to
consciously see now it’s only happening
to stroke but you do this all the time
yes that’s something else fill a cup of
coffee and which is out patches
have you ever had someone pulling your
pathway graphic art you swerve to avoid
it and then go back and then but we did
that and I know you don’t want to admit
this you ever think about something else
in driving on yourself five miles before
you start your rightful place you ended
up you wanted to end up and coming right
at me stop there and go instead imagine
you were using this one halfway out
consciously perceive me over to an
active part here’s the normal from your
information for quite purply around the
brain career blaze steep is until
illusion anybody that’s a skier or
cyclist
overestimate this news mr. built I
started skiing 10 years ago I got a top
of the slogan on the countertop this is
a clip I’m going to die
I guess that’s what the green circle
it’s really hard to slip and then a
two-year-old is body my skis before I
kind of slow fine ok you always
overestimate the speakership girls to
take much people put at the bottom I’ll
ask you to question house keeps it up
mashing the greenways BIR Tawil is very
visual set a little protracted here by
looking at to the steepness of the hill
haptic reach into this darkened box we
can’t see you sure this muscle to set
the protractor these statistical here’s
the real steepness level when a spinel
steep it is they overestimated by factor
of two when they set of protracted
looking at it overestimated by a factor
of two what we ask you to use their this
muscle block then all of people that is
information somewhere in your brain
without you know to use because of the
bill but only your wrist muscle by the
way the entire people they overestimate
by a factor of four does this way we’ve
got all the information is there in
college for summers have some specific
deficits that tell us how very specific
and then vision object recognition the
nerve cell C of the recognize objects
projector here you see Center let’s do
very specific a new English is part and
parcel we go personality tell me what
this is
you see what happens when you destroyed
salmon’s a stroke you get a very spooky
syndrome called a million in the ability
to name an object that we woke up this
is an actual transcript of a woman being
shown a handsaw it’s a soft sauce I’m
not stating correct if you don’t would
you pay for these nothing we don’t know
what it is no problem with language
physicists and the doctor tries to open
up using the same word in different
contexts say I saw a little bit
yesterday oh so did I it’s a standout
show a piece of wood is will say use a
salt about that letter touch the solver
I should close as a song she’s lost one
ability to say the main rotor object
their patients have done this in one
language and that’s how specific
functions are
well in the future life and a lot
recognizing faces got me away from
someone about attracting other ones if
you’re going to stay alive mate
the face recognition area is wrong here
in the temporal lobe you put a magnet
over on the side of the head turn it on
also the person might recognize faces
turned off they can recognize the
blueprint was left field in this country
no more irises innominate bone some
house you do faces you touch everything
you think oh that’s fantasy based on
emotion attached to metal that’s a
specific girl connection one part of
your brain goes in the face recognition
area here now that leads to the
emotional centers of the brain that yes
happens in traumatic brain injury not
common that happens it’s called cop
crossing room the ability to actually
ocean faces these people go back to the
hospital with other consider take care
of them and they say my mom somebody’s
hired you want my money
some of the donors kind of hire me
Foster there’s natural transcript
basically looks exactly like my father
nice God and isn’t my father he’s
probably back spa patient doctor but why
was this man pretending to be your
father
well that’s what’s so surprising
mother-in-law contentedly
maybe my bill thought exploited
pay you some money chosen picture
themself probably you’re serving as a
hostage that’s another meeting
oops identical D but it’s not attached
promotion case and let me know that’s a
brain pumping up some psychological
problems he’s been asking too much
to measure galvanic skin stocks lie
detector right and people experience
emotion it’s sweat these people do not
respond sweating the people that way
they don’t attach a motion to them that
they able to go clubbing and match them
if you said the parent out parent calls
the patient on the bone patient says all
I did is only British very very tiny
specific part of the brain the nation do
something do you think is very popular
and just for you today
calm president is all time movers call
Saudis it’s not the zombies are zombies
so I’ve got the first time is getting
the actual film the doctor diagnosed the
compressor Justinian occupant and it’s
on this is from nation of the law
statutes for – poly agent assemblage
understand
in this luminol I partake in over people
subsidy on trains in Asia
he is not
Oh
and remember
[Music]
talking about
there’s no just
everything
how pressing up so the last 20 seconds
so I can understand how far we’ve gone I
talked about base register there’s an
instant phenomena an experiment has been
done anomalies you know if you have two
different entities coming into your eyes
you never confuse them and switch
between the muffler’s cheese turns up
monkeys do the same thing and what
they’ve done is they put a barrier here
from the monkey initiative between of
images all is possible and only trying
to push above any C’s face so they can
face to one eye something else together
on a monkey just sits there and priyada
consciously suddenly switches to see in
the face nothing has changed going into
the monkey’s brain except about these
conscious perception and these
researchers discovered individual nerve
cells in brain they turned on you satin
but so nothing is not changing coming to
brain that is universal is important but
in the conscious perception of a face
and that’s how far we are now all of
these phenomena they’re talking about
talk about the different functions or
specific parts of the brain and how to
operate the most elusive have contained
almost now announced a L’Orange so I’d
like to leave you with is were a lot
closer than most people think in
understanding how the brain is as
consciousness and the answer is are
surprising but on where the student
build an extremely super huge impact on
society
students we could go asking about the
my life force zero the answer is from
nor while sister and I’ll block and I
can possibly describe that s by Counting
Elektra intended about five years ago
biology department at the University of
Washington it was a lecture to us on how
to talk people didn’t accept evolution
and the person giving a lecture said
what way to do that is circumscribed
what science can do and what it can and
he said well the first example I would
give you is that girl biology will never
be able to tell us why certain people
find music the box so beautiful and high
anointing we’re wasting the hand and
said I’m sure about that because it may
not be true because 20 years ago if if
someone could come up to me and said
we’re going to studying human
consciousness at the single cell a
physiological level I think people
looked it up person might not most
holler maybe move along location they’re
waiting face up no longer true on the
progress of the last 10 to 15 years in a
while as we’re approaching probably the
most intractable problems in science
which is who they are and how this
three-pound lump of jell-o like
substance inside our skulls actually
creates a phenomenon of consciousness of
the progress has been astonished and it
is no longer considered a non-scientific
person and what I’d like to do today is
share with you some aspects of the
progress that has been made
understanding the biology of human
consciousness and these are the
principles I’d like to talk about today
first of the brain is to see the
consciousness that’s
we’re still talking for a minute about
the history of that concept top number
two the brain is more complicated than
the third thing I talk about is the most
important here is your senses vision and
hearing are not there to report the
world as it is it’s actually fun to talk
right after a photographer without
vision your senses are there for one
purpose to distort the world in order to
do a lot number four another surprising
outcome of the last episode is we don’t
actually have to perceive something to
happen and this is an astonishing data
along with my committees and finally
it’s very closely related concepts the
brain is divided into very specific
areas that so serve very complex
functions and consciousness and disease
or stimulation of small brain areas and
take those are waiting from you very
specific but can really quite surprising
things so let’s get a long time ago with
the properties up until the properties
started thinking about the question of
this disease known as epilepsy those
thought to be as a mine disease given to
people by God now the properties argued
against that we have never bought the
sacred disease in fact explicitly saying
would and he used the term great disease
and by the way that comes to us today
the term draw wall Aleksey great physics
and he said well the reason we think I’d
love to use a gift from God and so
spooky is just we don’t have the
experience to understand something that
happens in the front and the same thing
to be said for the idea of consciousness
we think it’s something unusual and
scooting because we just don’t
understand the brain level and there’s
one special thing about studying the
brain that my students are often
bothered by the is that it’s a recursive
in their way for example I spend about a
week in my class talking about the
molecules of the brain that are involved
in learning and inevitably a stupid
raise their hands sometime before the
exam and say so how should I study this
and I remind them that what they’re
learning this material they’re using the
molecules involved in learning in order
to learn about molecules involved in
learning and this disturbs our students
a lot I said what relation
easy to welcome them of course it
doesn’t but you’re using Corbett you’re
studying to study you are to take your
study and this is cut special problem in
all of science he makes neurologically
the brain is enormous inside your skull
or approximately 86 billion neurons
themselves you know in a presidential
election year in the aftermath
intellectually these numbers don’t mean
anything it sounds like a tax cut across
the reward something but I challenge you
to be impressed by that number count on
your homework this view today I’m gonna
live account that once per second 24/7
365 days a year
when did you have to start your homework
we hit all those neurons power to turn
it in today and the answer I think is
very surprising for many people 710 BC
taking almost three thousand years
counting one per second count the
neurons inside of the head founding of
Rome about that your local poet was
Homer
you could’ve oughta look at his poems
that way no the printing press would be
invented for a thousand years
this is extraordinary complex structure
by the way made those neurons in three
months at the peak of building of
neurons when you were in utero you were
cranking out a quarter million open per
minute that’s my mom
that’s exactly okay let’s talk about the
census a little bit now especially about
vision your visual system was not
created by those nice camera engineers
those people talk about it’s created by
college and it was created for one
purpose Kiko a lot long enough to make
so there’s no reason to think that your
senses should report for the world as it
is they report a very distorted version
of the world in order to do a lot and
there are three examples that we’ll go
through in some very interesting
pictures about how that happens let’s
look at your visual system for example
your visual system enhances contrast and
predicts pattern at the expense of
almost entirely giving up your
perception of light intensity you don’t
see light intensity you think about an
alternative you create something called
color constancy in the world so the
object of certain color when it moves
the twenty different sources of light
actually emits radio wavelengths Drive
and then it really good we don’t want to
be confused by a predator thinking it’s
not the same object as into the blood
sources so your brain alters your
perception color can create constancy of
color in different light sources and it
makes a lot of mistakes along maybe most
importantly in fills in missing
information by guessing patterns I don’t
know how much our gorgeous Peter is
willing to spend on amber like toy your
eyes how about a magnet so going back to
your brain some pretty lousy camera no
one the bottom line it fills in it
guesses it creates things that aren’t
there in order to make you think you
have a very little office every one of
these things and many others cause very
significant
so let’s look at the projector will do
this I’m actually impossible truth
lights off these orange things they’re
going to they’re going to boss down with
some of these slots
I think we like that about the lights
there Thanks I can’t see where you are
so I hope this is is important relevant
I went to a lot of trouble to make this
slide it was it’s not easy in PowerPoint
to create these rectangles here notice
each one is a very smooth grading from
darker or lighter darker the lighter
like that not true terrible I didn’t
create a reference like that these
rectangles look absolutely uniform in
their gray from here keep your little
bit lightly as you go from right to left
as you can and these may appear to your
eyes is the enhanced this line so
because this piece of grey isn’t
something dark the radiance of light
here is next to light your brain makes
it darker you see more lines that exist
there that’s so you can scalp lots of
predators you state a lot you can see
the straightest Levi’s blacking out the
confusing information here this looks
like very uniform shade of grey left or
right here also does that’s your eyes
distorting reality and commencement
progress
well you don’t want to see something
like this in the world so thank you but
you do want to see something like this
it’s just more complicated just work
it’s got a shadow across it’s got a
cylinder here um and and rot your brain
predict this very nice pattern
adjustable
you know we should see but I think it
must be behind a little distressed if I
tell you that the square here labeled a
and the square that it will be here are
exactly similar code that is a is not
ordered and we can show you this by
including the information a we are
exactly the same
now you’re very motivated intelligent
people’s not to know that I’m sure you
will be able to perceive them as the
same line go backwards here assuming
that this commuted okay people you can’t
undo what your brain is doing to predict
this pattern color constancy the colored
Hospital different eliminations also
creates paths and reporting what’s
actually in the world
it’s the rather complicated figure sort
of a super steroid Rubik’s Cube in two
different lumination is yellow and you
have no trouble at all detecting the
same pattern power here in this space
sang-kyu unfortunately I would
actually concentrate on the four blue
squared and the second yellow squares
like would it disturb you if I told you
they were exactly the same color
let’s look keep your eye on this blue
square right you and this micelle is
clear right
so other than the fact that they are the
same and the beetle woman has any color
you did just great you will work that
reality in quite an extreme way in order
to do what your brain you like to do
which is to understand reduce you insane
independent of the light source so
you’re not reporting reality in fact if
you think hard enough about it to see
the factor is really greater than the
kind of evidence that reality exists at
all
outside of your brain on this key it
very disturbing got that – grace players
here you would not argument I think that
they’re the same shade of grey and
Washington and change taller how they
match yellow and blue over there not
even worse I am grace we’re good nice
and slide across see how you can bring
out you know that is going to be very
little time so you can override your
rates Distortion good bread bread cut up
blue come on about your poem
no people sleeping messed up with your
perception forgot
another thing your brain loves to do to
help your vision is to fill things in it
predicts what’s there it fills in the
whites or the relatively not there’s no
square and this figure much better but
your brain is making a prediction here
it’s very unlikely to par for 3/4
circles in the world is back to brain
says ok there aren’t there are four
circles and there’s a white square leg
over the next well I’m going to see to
do that on there filling a line right
here and I’m going to make this a little
bit lighter than this it’s not there is
no square there and there’s almost no
weight on the seat back because your
brain works with speed and prediction to
rely and sacrifices reality all of us it
helps you’re going to know the specifics
sometimes if you want to activate this
filling in pattern that interesting way
this looks like you know something broke
up a little on top on the hammer
they don’t think any sex but let’s still
sitting on telling your brain that
there’s something missing and activating
your brain’s ability to fill in the gaps
and watch how quickly you’ll see set by
copies of the letter P even when you
know it’s there hang back cancel the
brains filling in something that doesn’t
exist and making a very compelling
picture of the letter B here because it
should it not because it’s there um this
is filling in the axon prediction
hearing out some prediction if you think
you know what you’re about to hear you
hear so I’m going to playable this place
well the sound created here are two
copies of the distorted human voice
saying something I imagine you will not
be able understand then they’re going to
play through actual recording that was
restored to Subway Washington DC and
then they’re going to play the original
discordant sound again you see how much
better you
[Music]
[Applause]
[Applause]
okay yes it was I warn you this is
called Adam can’t unhear that sound
without a comprehensive it’s different
it’s six months possibly longer because
we set up a set of neural activity in
the auditory parking cortex it’s looking
for that sound of a motor it appears it
is dramatic you cannot hear that sound
sorry and here one community okay
now even more disturbing basically
results about the consciousness people
have to perceive things that I will show
you for example if you put your head on
hot stove and put your hand back before
you feel the pain you can locate objects
in the world without seeing them and
information retention rate reduction
from and break it out of certain ways of
this picture spinal cord through this a
moment is a shortcut to your chest here
that’s resulting habakkuk gallons five
for regular this is cookies and in red
there’s a nerve zealots including pain
put your hand on a stove this nerve cell
to helps the nervous system pain sends
the information to this motor so on the
spinal cord here in this sense
information is flat himself goes output
of your nerves and make some muscle from
that’s how you can ganks back from ng
never those different the result a
little has a branch goes all the way up
to the brain so this is a pathway right
here within your spinal cord and get
away this is the pathway to consciously
it received very parallel not experience
you do not feel the pain before you draw
you would have brought pain way before
the milk propane why it’s fast if you
put your hand on Moscow and waiting for
your brain to encode information that
hand we could burn so you withdraw
before you move pain so a lot of all
they would feel the pain at all multi
reasons one is act on those speech
centers a separate etc from dolls
known as your motive speech well call it
squaring this will activate that pathway
sir
square not joking also you were not
let’s look for example the competition
information perplexity great eyes appear
in front this is a color coded entry
brain details that matter information
from the I will information s up first
right here in the back of the brain odds
for this place equation e is not very
obscure I say intelligent design the
information that is analyzed in
percolates forward in bringing us so two
separate parallel paths here to the
cyber brain for perception up here is
top of the brain for movement this is
where you consciously see things but
this is where you operate on catch a
wall oh it’s something astronomy that
operated parallel is it possible in
human to take this away this one cat in
fact yes attack that’s followed
blindside here’s what happens it’s
called posting fast because of Simon
Colosimo confessed it will rotating
circular slot you put it different
angles and ask people what’s the angle
and you ask them to mail a lot of
purpose then you only get one thought
you can’t steal around what they have to
get run this but little and here we plot
what these people do is ask them the
angle of this slot and whatever angle is
is always part of
error a normal person is really good
tell us exactly these lobbies that I
bring in one of these people has had a
stroke this destroyed this one piece of
the visual system they think you’re
stupid for asking
I can’t see anything my why why are you
asking a stupid question
I’m sure they have no idea what angle
this thing is out now you asked me mail
the letter and then the person who’s
blind say they get insulted less
consistent the context we know no matter
I can’t see this thing guess ok then
just as well as the opportunities these
are people walk into them and they let
around the room a little bit and say go
to the table cut them all and say don’t
talk about that I’m fine well guess
they’ll walk right to the table or and
oh well they’re handy size size the ball
they get on they’re using visual
information without being able to
consciously see now it’s only happening
to stroke but you do this all the time
yes that’s something else fill a cup of
coffee and which is out patches
have you ever had someone pulling your
pathway graphic art you swerve to avoid
it and then go back and then but we did
that and I know you don’t want to admit
this you ever think about something else
in driving on yourself five miles before
you start your rightful place you ended
up you wanted to end up and coming right
at me stop there and go instead imagine
you were using this one halfway out
consciously perceive me over to an
active part here’s the normal from your
information for quite purply around the
brain career blaze steep is until
illusion anybody that’s a skier or
cyclist
overestimate this news mr. built I
started skiing 10 years ago I got a top
of the slogan on the countertop this is
a clip I’m going to die
I guess that’s what the green circle
it’s really hard to slip and then a
two-year-old is body my skis before I
kind of slow fine ok you always
overestimate the speakership girls to
take much people put at the bottom I’ll
ask you to question house keeps it up
mashing the greenways BIR Tawil is very
visual set a little protracted here by
looking at to the steepness of the hill
haptic reach into this darkened box we
can’t see you sure this muscle to set
the protractor these statistical here’s
the real steepness level when a spinel
steep it is they overestimated by factor
of two when they set of protracted
looking at it overestimated by a factor
of two what we ask you to use their this
muscle block then all of people that is
information somewhere in your brain
without you know to use because of the
bill but only your wrist muscle by the
way the entire people they overestimate
by a factor of four does this way we’ve
got all the information is there in
college for summers have some specific
deficits that tell us how very specific
and then vision object recognition the
nerve cell C of the recognize objects
projector here you see Center let’s do
very specific a new English is part and
parcel we go personality tell me what
this is
you see what happens when you destroyed
salmon’s a stroke you get a very spooky
syndrome called a million in the ability
to name an object that we woke up this
is an actual transcript of a woman being
shown a handsaw it’s a soft sauce I’m
not stating correct if you don’t would
you pay for these nothing we don’t know
what it is no problem with language
physicists and the doctor tries to open
up using the same word in different
contexts say I saw a little bit
yesterday oh so did I it’s a standout
show a piece of wood is will say use a
salt about that letter touch the solver
I should close as a song she’s lost one
ability to say the main rotor object
their patients have done this in one
language and that’s how specific
functions are
well in the future life and a lot
recognizing faces got me away from
someone about attracting other ones if
you’re going to stay alive mate
the face recognition area is wrong here
in the temporal lobe you put a magnet
over on the side of the head turn it on
also the person might recognize faces
turned off they can recognize the
blueprint was left field in this country
no more irises innominate bone some
house you do faces you touch everything
you think oh that’s fantasy based on
emotion attached to metal that’s a
specific girl connection one part of
your brain goes in the face recognition
area here now that leads to the
emotional centers of the brain that yes
happens in traumatic brain injury not
common that happens it’s called cop
crossing room the ability to actually
ocean faces these people go back to the
hospital with other consider take care
of them and they say my mom somebody’s
hired you want my money
some of the donors kind of hire me
Foster there’s natural transcript
basically looks exactly like my father
nice God and isn’t my father he’s
probably back spa patient doctor but why
was this man pretending to be your
father
well that’s what’s so surprising
mother-in-law contentedly
maybe my bill thought exploited
pay you some money chosen picture
themself probably you’re serving as a
hostage that’s another meeting
oops identical D but it’s not attached
promotion case and let me know that’s a
brain pumping up some psychological
problems he’s been asking too much
to measure galvanic skin stocks lie
detector right and people experience
emotion it’s sweat these people do not
respond sweating the people that way
they don’t attach a motion to them that
they able to go clubbing and match them
if you said the parent out parent calls
the patient on the bone patient says all
I did is only British very very tiny
specific part of the brain the nation do
something do you think is very popular
and just for you today
calm president is all time movers call
Saudis it’s not the zombies are zombies
so I’ve got the first time is getting
the actual film the doctor diagnosed the
compressor Justinian occupant and it’s
on this is from nation of the law
statutes for – poly agent assemblage
understand
in this luminol I partake in over people
subsidy on trains in Asia
he is not
Oh
and remember
[Music]
talking about
there’s no just
everything
how pressing up so the last 20 seconds
so I can understand how far we’ve gone I
talked about base register there’s an
instant phenomena an experiment has been
done anomalies you know if you have two
different entities coming into your eyes
you never confuse them and switch
between the muffler’s cheese turns up
monkeys do the same thing and what
they’ve done is they put a barrier here
from the monkey initiative between of
images all is possible and only trying
to push above any C’s face so they can
face to one eye something else together
on a monkey just sits there and priyada
consciously suddenly switches to see in
the face nothing has changed going into
the monkey’s brain except about these
conscious perception and these
researchers discovered individual nerve
cells in brain they turned on you satin
but so nothing is not changing coming to
brain that is universal is important but
in the conscious perception of a face
and that’s how far we are now all of
these phenomena they’re talking about
talk about the different functions or
specific parts of the brain and how to
operate the most elusive have contained
almost now announced a L’Orange so I’d
like to leave you with is were a lot
closer than most people think in
understanding how the brain is as
consciousness and the answer is are
surprising but on where the student
build an extremely super huge impact on
society
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