[Applause]
so today I will be talking about a very
hot topic as it was mentioned and it’s
really hot in the media at the moment
and that is artificial intelligence or
AI as it is commonly known so this is a
technology that can not only replicate
human behaviors and thinking but is also
expected to outperform us in a majority
of tasks in the near future and I’m not
saying this to scare you I’m saying this
to realize the full potential that there
is with this technology and we’re
already doing a lot in the space it’s
not a new technology it has been around
for a long time but in recent years we
have seen a huge acceleration within the
field now it’s often seen as something
quite evil in the media it’s got a very
bad reputation whether it’s being used
by hackers for exploiting
vulnerabilities in antivirus software or
whether it’s been used in autonomous
weapons for warfare and sometimes it can
be seen to do bad despite the good
intentions of its creators so for
example in March 2016
an AI chat bot was created called a and
it was released into the world of
Twitter and it was designed to interact
with people in playful conversations and
it would learn the more and more that it
interacted with people and it started
off pretty friendly as you can see but
just 16 hours after being live Tay had
to be taken down because it had learnt
from these people that it was
interacting with to become racist to
become misogynistic and was making a lot
of inflammatory comments but we are in
luck it’s not all doom and gloom we have
been here before not too long ago I went
to a lecture by the physicist max
tegmark
and he presented something similar to
this we’re both in biology and in
chemistry we have seen a similar
inflection point with new invent
innovations and technologies biologists
could have used it for bad to create by
weapons but thankfully they used it for
new cures same with chemistry they could
have used the new innovations and the
new technology for chemical weapons but
thankfully they used it for new
materials so here we are again with a
we’ve got a decision to make as the
whole of humanity we could either use it
for bad four killer robots and the like
or we could use it for new solutions
that are good for humanity and
thankfully scientists and researchers
are already taking a stand in the field
we saw in July 2015
over 100 AI specialists signed an open
letter to the UN urging the ban on
further developments on autonomous
weapons and making the security around
intelligent technologies a lot stricter
and we have seen a lot of innovation for
good within the AI space so this is a
French startup that has created a
digital nose as they call it and it has
a variety of applications it can be used
for detecting high levels of pollution
in cities it can be used for quality
control within the food industry and it
can even be used for sniffing out as
they say certain diseases for medical
diagnosis we’ve also seen AI recognize
patterns in behaviors and in certain
incidents within the city and this can
be used to keep areas safe within a city
and for predicting terrorist attacks and
this is just the beginning when we
combine AI with big data there is huge
potential whether that’s finding cures
to certain diseases which at the moment
are seen as terminal or whether that’s
finding a solution to the impending
problem of a global food crisis by
looking harshly at the food industry
both from farming all the way to
distribution and seeing how we can
optimize the process and make it a lot
more sustainable but with all of these
innovations taking place there is bound
to be some big changes on a much more
macro scale we’re talking economically
politically and socially so one of the
big fears at the moment is jobs what are
we going to do in a world of AI are we
still going to be employable as humans
well AI is very good at processing huge
amounts of data and finding new patterns
within data based on previous patterns
that have been fed to it in the past now
we as humans we’re not very good at this
purely because we don’t have the
processing power or the capabilities but
what we are very good at is coming up
with something truly novel something
truly creative an AI on the other hand
is not so good at this so to give you an
example of an ai’s creativity I’m going
to show you a very short clip that was
created by an AI and it is a sci-fi
screenplay that it had learnt to make
based off of several sci-fi screen
several sci-fi film scripts and TV
scripts that had been fed to it in
future young people are forced to shut
up I was the one who was going to be a
hundred years old I saw him again the
way you were sent to me that was a big
honest idea
I am NOT a bright light well I have to
go to the scalp as you can see it
doesn’t make a lot of sense and the a I
really struggled with certain words in
particular context and it really
struggles with very abstract concepts so
even if an eye nai were to create
something truly innovative whether it
was a piece of art or replicating an
artist’s style could we call it a
masterpiece because at the end of the
day a masterpiece is wrapped in
storytelling it’s wrapped in
vulnerabilities emotions and human
experiences so if all of a sudden we see
a piece of artwork and we know that was
created by a set of algorithms is it all
of a sudden quite superficial so yes
perhaps AI could take some of our jobs
which are easily automated but then
again humans might move to more towards
the creative industries and towards the
caregiving industries and we might find
that the jobs which are available for us
a lot more beneficial for employees and
for the community now more longer-term
we might have to think for alternative
sources of income where that’s going to
come from governments might provide a
universal basic income we might see as
well that corporate social
responsibility has a larger part to play
by investing in schools in
infrastructure and in healthcare so it’s
incredibly important that we start to
foster this culture for corporate
responsibility now
but of course jobs aren’t just about
income for all we know income wealth
private property none of that could
survive what is being called the fourth
Industrial Revolution and if they don’t
our fears around losing jobs for a
source of income could become redundant
but if we don’t have jobs what are we
going to do with the rest of our time
it’s not just money that we need jobs
for it gives us a sense of self-esteem
something to do with our time well maybe
we could look to Athenian society where
they spend a lot of time developing
their culture looking into the
literature education athleticism now at
the time they had slaves doing jobs and
work
in the future we might have AI and
technology undertaking this role and
instead we can focus on ourselves and
making us the best people that we can be
AI could also have a massive impact on
media by creating a trustworthy news
source that people really do trust
because it’s not influenced by political
interference or popular culture or even
by systemic bias but having said this AI
could actually do a lot of good by
having an agenda for example an AI might
be able to present certain news stories
to you with the aim of dissolving
political regional conflicts so for
example I might consider a certain
community of people as my enemy purely
because I’ve only ever seen them in a
negative light and in negative news
stories but what if in an AI were able
to present a different narrative to me
something that’s a lot more positive and
changed changes the way that I see these
people so if this does happen and we see
media becoming a lot more open all of a
sudden we might see people becoming a
lot more tolerant
maybe nation-states might engage in a
lot more open discussion and seek to
decrease the number of global threats
that there are for example in nuclear
war AI can also have a massive impact on
education creating something a lot more
tailored based on your skill level based
on how you’d like to learn and offering
a much broader range of topics to learn
based on what your interests are and
your background so gone would be this
outdated model that was born out of the
Industrial Revolution era which is very
much a one-size-fits-all approach and
instead we would move away from class
batch time and into a world where we can
engage in technology and in immersive
experiences and with some truly
motivating learning tools and if we
become a lot more tolerant with
education and media makes countries a
lot more tolerant one of the biggest
barriers left to overcome will be verbal
communication now we’ve seen a lot with
voice assistants like Siri and Alexa and
as well with machine translation but ara
isn’t very good at picking up sarcasm
and subtle comments so for example in
England we’re known for
overly polite and not always saying
necessarily what we mean so at the end
of a long day we might be invited for a
drink and say oh yeah I’d love to but
now an AI will take this at face value
but a human is able to read between the
lines and realize that’s a pretty solid
English no likewise you might working on
a stressful project someone asks how
does it go how’s it gone and you say oh
yeah it didn’t quite go as planned once
again an AI will take this at face value
but a human is able to pick up on subtle
cues on facial expressions even maybe a
slight tremor of panic in the voice and
realize what you really meant to say was
I may have caused irreversible damage on
a monumental scale so as you can see
it’s quite hard for an AI to decipher
what enough we’re on about we’re messy
by nature but that’s what makes us human
so great so having said this in a few
decades to come we will see live audio
machine translation and we will see
people from all backgrounds all
ethnicities
able to communicate with each other so
where we have seen religious and
cultural isolation that has occurred
after millennia and millennia of these
linguistic barriers there all of a
sudden start to dissolve we might then
see an increase in human migrations
worldwide and if this is the case the
concept of the nation-state which has
lasted for hundreds and hundreds of
years bounded by ethnic and cultural
identity my all of a sudden disappear
now this might sound all very extreme
but we do have to think are our laws and
the way that governments are being run
truly modernised are they keeping up
with technology and are they ready for
the changes in identity politics already
today with globalization you might ask
someone know where you from
seems like an easy question but where
was I born where are my parents from
where did I grow up where do I live now
all of a sudden it’s not such an easy
question to answer so you can see it’s
not such a far-off scenario now AI is a
massive topic for discussion and in the
past we always approached innovations
and
new inventions with very much a trial
and error approach for example the
invention of fire we made a lot of
mistakes with fire and eventually we got
to the point where okay perhaps we ought
to come up with some sort of fire
extinguisher so that our eyebrows can
live to see another day but this then
led on to fire alarms and fire fire
departments the thing is with AI we
can’t do this it’s an incredibly
powerful technology so even the
slightest mistake could have huge
catastrophic consequences worldwide
which are irreversible having said this
AI is an incredibly useful tool and if
done right and if we educate it in the
right way it could really benefit
humanity rather than just replace us so
it’s important that we all engage in the
discussion and that we also realize that
AI can maximise not just the benefits of
humanity but can be used in a very
efficient way for AI is impressionable
it is vulnerable and it needs to be
nurtured just like a child does by its
parent so in order to ensure that it
does benefit not just the few and all
the humanity we all need to engage in AI
safety research not just the few but all
of us entire humanity thank you [Applause]
so today I will be talking about a very
hot topic as it was mentioned and it’s
really hot in the media at the moment
and that is artificial intelligence or
AI as it is commonly known so this is a
technology that can not only replicate
human behaviors and thinking but is also
expected to outperform us in a majority
of tasks in the near future and I’m not
saying this to scare you I’m saying this
to realize the full potential that there
is with this technology and we’re
already doing a lot in the space it’s
not a new technology it has been around
for a long time but in recent years we
have seen a huge acceleration within the
field now it’s often seen as something
quite evil in the media it’s got a very
bad reputation whether it’s being used
by hackers for exploiting
vulnerabilities in antivirus software or
whether it’s been used in autonomous
weapons for warfare and sometimes it can
be seen to do bad despite the good
intentions of its creators so for
example in March 2016
an AI chat bot was created called a and
it was released into the world of
Twitter and it was designed to interact
with people in playful conversations and
it would learn the more and more that it
interacted with people and it started
off pretty friendly as you can see but
just 16 hours after being live Tay had
to be taken down because it had learnt
from these people that it was
interacting with to become racist to
become misogynistic and was making a lot
of inflammatory comments but we are in
luck it’s not all doom and gloom we have
been here before not too long ago I went
to a lecture by the physicist max
tegmark
and he presented something similar to
this we’re both in biology and in
chemistry we have seen a similar
inflection point with new invent
innovations and technologies biologists
could have used it for bad to create by
weapons but thankfully they used it for
new cures same with chemistry they could
have used the new innovations and the
new technology for chemical weapons but
thankfully they used it for new
materials so here we are again with a
we’ve got a decision to make as the
whole of humanity we could either use it
for bad four killer robots and the like
or we could use it for new solutions
that are good for humanity and
thankfully scientists and researchers
are already taking a stand in the field
we saw in July 2015
over 100 AI specialists signed an open
letter to the UN urging the ban on
further developments on autonomous
weapons and making the security around
intelligent technologies a lot stricter
and we have seen a lot of innovation for
good within the AI space so this is a
French startup that has created a
digital nose as they call it and it has
a variety of applications it can be used
for detecting high levels of pollution
in cities it can be used for quality
control within the food industry and it
can even be used for sniffing out as
they say certain diseases for medical
diagnosis we’ve also seen AI recognize
patterns in behaviors and in certain
incidents within the city and this can
be used to keep areas safe within a city
and for predicting terrorist attacks and
this is just the beginning when we
combine AI with big data there is huge
potential whether that’s finding cures
to certain diseases which at the moment
are seen as terminal or whether that’s
finding a solution to the impending
problem of a global food crisis by
looking harshly at the food industry
both from farming all the way to
distribution and seeing how we can
optimize the process and make it a lot
more sustainable but with all of these
innovations taking place there is bound
to be some big changes on a much more
macro scale we’re talking economically
politically and socially so one of the
big fears at the moment is jobs what are
we going to do in a world of AI are we
still going to be employable as humans
well AI is very good at processing huge
amounts of data and finding new patterns
within data based on previous patterns
that have been fed to it in the past now
we as humans we’re not very good at this
purely because we don’t have the
processing power or the capabilities but
what we are very good at is coming up
with something truly novel something
truly creative an AI on the other hand
is not so good at this so to give you an
example of an ai’s creativity I’m going
to show you a very short clip that was
created by an AI and it is a sci-fi
screenplay that it had learnt to make
based off of several sci-fi screen
several sci-fi film scripts and TV
scripts that had been fed to it in
future young people are forced to shut
up I was the one who was going to be a
hundred years old I saw him again the
way you were sent to me that was a big
honest idea
I am NOT a bright light well I have to
go to the scalp as you can see it
doesn’t make a lot of sense and the a I
really struggled with certain words in
particular context and it really
struggles with very abstract concepts so
even if an eye nai were to create
something truly innovative whether it
was a piece of art or replicating an
artist’s style could we call it a
masterpiece because at the end of the
day a masterpiece is wrapped in
storytelling it’s wrapped in
vulnerabilities emotions and human
experiences so if all of a sudden we see
a piece of artwork and we know that was
created by a set of algorithms is it all
of a sudden quite superficial so yes
perhaps AI could take some of our jobs
which are easily automated but then
again humans might move to more towards
the creative industries and towards the
caregiving industries and we might find
that the jobs which are available for us
a lot more beneficial for employees and
for the community now more longer-term
we might have to think for alternative
sources of income where that’s going to
come from governments might provide a
universal basic income we might see as
well that corporate social
responsibility has a larger part to play
by investing in schools in
infrastructure and in healthcare so it’s
incredibly important that we start to
foster this culture for corporate
responsibility now
but of course jobs aren’t just about
income for all we know income wealth
private property none of that could
survive what is being called the fourth
Industrial Revolution and if they don’t
our fears around losing jobs for a
source of income could become redundant
but if we don’t have jobs what are we
going to do with the rest of our time
it’s not just money that we need jobs
for it gives us a sense of self-esteem
something to do with our time well maybe
we could look to Athenian society where
they spend a lot of time developing
their culture looking into the
literature education athleticism now at
the time they had slaves doing jobs and
work
in the future we might have AI and
technology undertaking this role and
instead we can focus on ourselves and
making us the best people that we can be
AI could also have a massive impact on
media by creating a trustworthy news
source that people really do trust
because it’s not influenced by political
interference or popular culture or even
by systemic bias but having said this AI
could actually do a lot of good by
having an agenda for example an AI might
be able to present certain news stories
to you with the aim of dissolving
political regional conflicts so for
example I might consider a certain
community of people as my enemy purely
because I’ve only ever seen them in a
negative light and in negative news
stories but what if in an AI were able
to present a different narrative to me
something that’s a lot more positive and
changed changes the way that I see these
people so if this does happen and we see
media becoming a lot more open all of a
sudden we might see people becoming a
lot more tolerant
maybe nation-states might engage in a
lot more open discussion and seek to
decrease the number of global threats
that there are for example in nuclear
war AI can also have a massive impact on
education creating something a lot more
tailored based on your skill level based
on how you’d like to learn and offering
a much broader range of topics to learn
based on what your interests are and
your background so gone would be this
outdated model that was born out of the
Industrial Revolution era which is very
much a one-size-fits-all approach and
instead we would move away from class
batch time and into a world where we can
engage in technology and in immersive
experiences and with some truly
motivating learning tools and if we
become a lot more tolerant with
education and media makes countries a
lot more tolerant one of the biggest
barriers left to overcome will be verbal
communication now we’ve seen a lot with
voice assistants like Siri and Alexa and
as well with machine translation but ara
isn’t very good at picking up sarcasm
and subtle comments so for example in
England we’re known for
overly polite and not always saying
necessarily what we mean so at the end
of a long day we might be invited for a
drink and say oh yeah I’d love to but
now an AI will take this at face value
but a human is able to read between the
lines and realize that’s a pretty solid
English no likewise you might working on
a stressful project someone asks how
does it go how’s it gone and you say oh
yeah it didn’t quite go as planned once
again an AI will take this at face value
but a human is able to pick up on subtle
cues on facial expressions even maybe a
slight tremor of panic in the voice and
realize what you really meant to say was
I may have caused irreversible damage on
a monumental scale so as you can see
it’s quite hard for an AI to decipher
what enough we’re on about we’re messy
by nature but that’s what makes us human
so great so having said this in a few
decades to come we will see live audio
machine translation and we will see
people from all backgrounds all
ethnicities
able to communicate with each other so
where we have seen religious and
cultural isolation that has occurred
after millennia and millennia of these
linguistic barriers there all of a
sudden start to dissolve we might then
see an increase in human migrations
worldwide and if this is the case the
concept of the nation-state which has
lasted for hundreds and hundreds of
years bounded by ethnic and cultural
identity my all of a sudden disappear
now this might sound all very extreme
but we do have to think are our laws and
the way that governments are being run
truly modernised are they keeping up
with technology and are they ready for
the changes in identity politics already
today with globalization you might ask
someone know where you from
seems like an easy question but where
was I born where are my parents from
where did I grow up where do I live now
all of a sudden it’s not such an easy
question to answer so you can see it’s
not such a far-off scenario now AI is a
massive topic for discussion and in the
past we always approached innovations
and
new inventions with very much a trial
and error approach for example the
invention of fire we made a lot of
mistakes with fire and eventually we got
to the point where okay perhaps we ought
to come up with some sort of fire
extinguisher so that our eyebrows can
live to see another day but this then
led on to fire alarms and fire fire
departments the thing is with AI we
can’t do this it’s an incredibly
powerful technology so even the
slightest mistake could have huge
catastrophic consequences worldwide
which are irreversible having said this
AI is an incredibly useful tool and if
done right and if we educate it in the
right way it could really benefit
humanity rather than just replace us so
it’s important that we all engage in the
discussion and that we also realize that
AI can maximise not just the benefits of
humanity but can be used in a very
efficient way for AI is impressionable
it is vulnerable and it needs to be
nurtured just like a child does by its
parent so in order to ensure that it
does benefit not just the few and all
the humanity we all need to engage in AI
safety research not just the few but all
of us entire humanity thank you [Applause]
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