[Music]
so talking about cross-border thinking
this is my hero or one of the heroes
especially the hero of cross-border
thinking Leonardo da Vinci I think you
all know him of his beautiful painting
the Mona Lisa but he’s also known maybe
not so well known but for his sketches
he thought about all things that
interested him and he was very broadly
interested so he crossed borders in his
mind he was interested in how the human
works or how our physiology
physiology works he so he actually did
ISEC that human corpses to see how that
worked he was also interested in
technology so he came up with all kinds
of designs and thinking that he left 400
years ago approximately he came up with
airplanes before most people ever
thought about it so that’s a huge
inspiration and living out the Vinci is
what we now call Renaissance soul
people who cannot focus on one part and
I tried to be a little bit like him so
my background is in engineering I
studied mechanical engineering and then
I ended up in a job where we did play
the whole day with flight simulators
this is an example of one of the flight
simulators I worked on and this is also
in Leonardo’s mind a human scent of
engineering that means that we look at
the human and we look at the engineering
part so the technology and how do we
combine those and in a simulator this is
perfectly combined you have a pilot and
a simulator which is trying to learn how
to fly so he interacts with this machine
and the purpose of this machine is that
he stays safe and that he feels like he
is really flying in real aircraft so
it’s really human scent of engineering
so then I moved into robotics and this
was a coincidence
customer I started my own company a
customer asked can you build a robot I
said yeah sure
not realizing how complex that was but
you just start and you kind of reduce
down the complexity of things and
replace them with things you understand
so we designed that the goal was to
design a cheap robot that was for small
medium enterprises so but so let’s talk
about robots and if you google the world
robot it shows up like in its human form
so a robot looks human according to
Google and maybe according to most of us
so if you hear the word robot you think
of something with arms and legs and a
head and some intelligence but actually
that’s not the real truth 99% of the
robots look like this they’re in a
factory they’re kind of brainless
machines they’re actually really dumb
that you just do repetitive tasks
they’re very good at it they’re very
accurate and they’re very strong and
they don’t complain but they’re very
dangerous and that’s a problem so we put
a big fence around it you see on this
picture that there’s a fence to keep the
humans out because if you go in there
you might be killed but today this is
still how robots look in the real world
so they don’t have arms and legs and
heads and they don’t have intelligence
not at all so looking at this historical
way of automation in general so not only
at robotics we see that in the 19th
century we move from craft to
series-production small series and that
evolved into early last century into
mass production
think of fort you could buy a car as
long as it was black and so it was
actually for pushing the same car to the
market instead of I need a suit please
make me a tailor-made suit suit that’s
the pool of the market so now we’re at
this peak of mass production so we get
our products from low-wage countries
like China and they push these products
to
orders but we’re not satisfied as
customers anymore we evolved further and
we’d like to have this this story with
this product so craft beers there are
upcoming and the craftsmanship is coming
back so that actually means that there’s
a big opportunity especially for small
businesses but we have to learn to cope
with this demand of the consumer who
wants mass product prices but individual
individualized products to personalize
production so how are we going to do
that so everybody wants their own cookie
basically so individually today I want a
cookie shaped of a hand tomorrow I want
something different and I want it now so
we need some kind of revolution for that
and we are kind of in the at the start
of this next revolution that’s called
industry 4.0 in Germany and it’s called
smart industry here in the Netherlands
and this fourth industry Industrial
Revolution came from way back when we
mechanized production then we switch to
mass production then we use computers to
automate things even further and now we
connect all these things together to end
up with cyber-physical systems so
there’s a cyber world which is you could
call that the Internet and the physical
world which has to do some action on a
product so there’s also physics with it
and robotics fits perfectly into this
story so but what are now the real
technical challenges if we want to end
up with this fourth Industrial
Revolution what do we have to do well
first of all I put safety there because
as you saw these robots are kind of
mindless machines they don’t even notice
you when they kill you so safety is a
very big thing especially if you want to
involve robots in smaller businesses and
I put communications second but actually
that’s the enabling technology to make
all this happen so we went in to
communicate with machines and the
communic the machines need to
communicate with each other
then having this enabling technology of
communication you can think about
usability
how do people better understand robots
telling them what to do not how to do it
and drive and control that means that we
build robots not like we built
industrial machines but maybe like we
build vacuum cleaners which is highly
integrated so we we combine electronics
mechanics and software into one little
package and everything gets smaller and
smaller and gets shrunk into a
mechanical part then of course our
sensor systems navigation artificial
intelligence which you could connect to
all this communicating devices and
efficiency think of mobile applications
more and more driving robots I won’t
talk about walking robots yet but let’s
start with decent driving robots and
then you need long battery life so you
need efficiency so go back to these
cookies I showed you so you have these
small business two guys making delicious
cookies and they can make individual
cookies for you and they can do it today
so you have them tomorrow and they now
need to grow their business they need to
lower their prices because the customer
must demand it because otherwise
customers going to buy cookies in China
but they’re not individualized but
somehow you compete with that
so how would these guys yeah they get
together how would I do it they get
together they decide ok we’re going to
buy a robot then they buy this thing and
it looks really scary they have this
panel they look at it and they actually
have no clue how this should work how
can they ever do that they need a guy in
the white the white collar guy who is
the expert he’s an engineer he studied
in the region here everything harken and
he comes and do it does it for him for
them but then they say ok I’ve now made
a bunch of cookies and I’ll need to rope
reprogram my robot two hours later
because there’s a new batch coming so
they call up this guy we better
stay there because they’re gonna change
this program all the time so you see
that this is a huge problem we cannot
afford this kind of technology that we
have today we have to come up with
something new these guys they want a
robot that they tell them what to do not
how to do it they should be able to tell
this robot ok we have cookies here they
need to be in a box nicely in a package
and you need to close the box and put
tape around it and then maybe even stick
a label on it so that should be the
programming instructions for the robot
and the robot would solve this
automatically so the task of robot
engineers is to take away this
complexity hide it somehow and there
comes frost bored of thinking so we have
on the right hand side we have this
established company Siemens you maybe
know them they’re actually the biggest
control system provider in the world a
huge company very good reliable products
fantastic and then you have back-off
which is a kind of a newcomer in this
field but also already big company
they’re the most progressive companies
in industrial automation so they make
control systems for machines so that
they can produce things and on the other
side you have Google Facebook and World
of Warcraft
well Warcraft is a online game massively
online game and you can with thousands
of people you can simultaneously enter
the same game domain and play together
so that is a complete other way of
thinking connecting so many users
together you need quite some technology
to do that and funny enough these kind
of worlds are separate so the world of
Google Facebook and world of warcraft
they don’t know about the machine
automation world and vice versa are they
think it’s kind of inferior to use this
technology because we need this this
quality to keep our production up so we
are about to tear down this wall
so let’s go back to Leonardo da Vinci
he’s cutting open corpses we show a
brain so we look at how does the brain
do all these things so you have a higher
level brain which is actually your
conscious so it’s the neocortex often
associated also with artificial
intelligence so there’s a lot of
companies thinking of creating an
artificial mind which can actually
consciously think and this neocortex
gives command to the motor cortex and
the motor cortex is the part of the
brain that control controls your arms
and legs and actually has learned since
you were a baby has learned certain
skills and these skills and are for
instance walking picking something up
keeping your balance and we all do that
subconsciously so this motor cortex does
things and we don’t even notice it so
let’s let’s take this biological thing
and translate it to something technical
technological so that’s right we try to
create so we try to create a machine
motor cortex which is kind of taking
it’s very low level that means that it’s
very close to the hardware close to your
arms and legs and it has some brain of
its own so it can understand like
high-level commands like for work
forward open the door
things like that and this motor cortex
should take care of all these low-level
control things and if you combine that
with this Internet technology of
connecting everything you get something
that this can be connected to each other
and you can connect it to the web and
that opens a lot of possibilities of new
applications like you could do analytics
on your machine imagine you have a
machine or a robot and you would like to
know at this moment what is my power
consumption of this axis of this robot
if I collect all this data you’re
speaking of huge big data so we could
ask IBM
to lend us their Watson computer to
analyze all of this data and come up
with a nice answer for instance my robot
is going to break down in the next two
weeks you so you better replace it and
then I can replace it in the weekend
when I don’t have production so my
production is not cut off and also this
nice thing about this motor cortex would
be that you could directly access it
from any browser the web browser is kind
of the universal programming environment
for a lot of people a lot of people
maybe some here in this audience they
know how to build a website and create a
user interface actually so there’s a lot
of user interface and user interaction
designers out there that could use this
technology which are not from the
industrial world to create new
interfaces for people that people really
understand so this is our main effort
and it’s not only an idea we also did it
and we also test it with a team of
highly qualified four and five-year-olds
because we think these have the the kids
they have the most clean mind and if
they understand that that’s probably a
good design we also get influenced by
teaching tools for kids which employ a
lot of the methods that we actually
should employ for machine control
systems to make it easy for grownups to
use machines without prior knowledge so
this is actually my son he plays with
them a lot so it’s not a good test
object anymore because he had too much
practice but you could see that some of
these ideas that are coming from the
gaming world so these kids they use
phones and tablets yeah like it’s a
second nature and they’re already so
used to these elements on the user
interface that we should use that
instead of the classical buttons and
keyboards so this was a very early
experiment and now we are actually this
is more our state of the art
where we really have a multi-touch
beautiful to look at user interface that
actually is relatively easy to use we’re
not there yet I will admit that but we
are now have a starting point of where
we can design our user interfaces
further and we hope that by doing all of
this so starting with this machine motor
cortex which enables communication to
the web browser which creates
possibilities to make better user
interfaces to connect to artificial
intelligence on the web that this is
actually the enabling technology that
will enable the small businesses to
become competitive in the future and so
that’s also important for this region
because we want to attract more and more
businesses and the small businesses I
think have the future thank you very
much
[Applause]
[Music]
so talking about cross-border thinking
this is my hero or one of the heroes
especially the hero of cross-border
thinking Leonardo da Vinci I think you
all know him of his beautiful painting
the Mona Lisa but he’s also known maybe
not so well known but for his sketches
he thought about all things that
interested him and he was very broadly
interested so he crossed borders in his
mind he was interested in how the human
works or how our physiology
physiology works he so he actually did
ISEC that human corpses to see how that
worked he was also interested in
technology so he came up with all kinds
of designs and thinking that he left 400
years ago approximately he came up with
airplanes before most people ever
thought about it so that’s a huge
inspiration and living out the Vinci is
what we now call Renaissance soul
people who cannot focus on one part and
I tried to be a little bit like him so
my background is in engineering I
studied mechanical engineering and then
I ended up in a job where we did play
the whole day with flight simulators
this is an example of one of the flight
simulators I worked on and this is also
in Leonardo’s mind a human scent of
engineering that means that we look at
the human and we look at the engineering
part so the technology and how do we
combine those and in a simulator this is
perfectly combined you have a pilot and
a simulator which is trying to learn how
to fly so he interacts with this machine
and the purpose of this machine is that
he stays safe and that he feels like he
is really flying in real aircraft so
it’s really human scent of engineering
so then I moved into robotics and this
was a coincidence
customer I started my own company a
customer asked can you build a robot I
said yeah sure
not realizing how complex that was but
you just start and you kind of reduce
down the complexity of things and
replace them with things you understand
so we designed that the goal was to
design a cheap robot that was for small
medium enterprises so but so let’s talk
about robots and if you google the world
robot it shows up like in its human form
so a robot looks human according to
Google and maybe according to most of us
so if you hear the word robot you think
of something with arms and legs and a
head and some intelligence but actually
that’s not the real truth 99% of the
robots look like this they’re in a
factory they’re kind of brainless
machines they’re actually really dumb
that you just do repetitive tasks
they’re very good at it they’re very
accurate and they’re very strong and
they don’t complain but they’re very
dangerous and that’s a problem so we put
a big fence around it you see on this
picture that there’s a fence to keep the
humans out because if you go in there
you might be killed but today this is
still how robots look in the real world
so they don’t have arms and legs and
heads and they don’t have intelligence
not at all so looking at this historical
way of automation in general so not only
at robotics we see that in the 19th
century we move from craft to
series-production small series and that
evolved into early last century into
mass production
think of fort you could buy a car as
long as it was black and so it was
actually for pushing the same car to the
market instead of I need a suit please
make me a tailor-made suit suit that’s
the pool of the market so now we’re at
this peak of mass production so we get
our products from low-wage countries
like China and they push these products
to
orders but we’re not satisfied as
customers anymore we evolved further and
we’d like to have this this story with
this product so craft beers there are
upcoming and the craftsmanship is coming
back so that actually means that there’s
a big opportunity especially for small
businesses but we have to learn to cope
with this demand of the consumer who
wants mass product prices but individual
individualized products to personalize
production so how are we going to do
that so everybody wants their own cookie
basically so individually today I want a
cookie shaped of a hand tomorrow I want
something different and I want it now so
we need some kind of revolution for that
and we are kind of in the at the start
of this next revolution that’s called
industry 4.0 in Germany and it’s called
smart industry here in the Netherlands
and this fourth industry Industrial
Revolution came from way back when we
mechanized production then we switch to
mass production then we use computers to
automate things even further and now we
connect all these things together to end
up with cyber-physical systems so
there’s a cyber world which is you could
call that the Internet and the physical
world which has to do some action on a
product so there’s also physics with it
and robotics fits perfectly into this
story so but what are now the real
technical challenges if we want to end
up with this fourth Industrial
Revolution what do we have to do well
first of all I put safety there because
as you saw these robots are kind of
mindless machines they don’t even notice
you when they kill you so safety is a
very big thing especially if you want to
involve robots in smaller businesses and
I put communications second but actually
that’s the enabling technology to make
all this happen so we went in to
communicate with machines and the
communic the machines need to
communicate with each other
then having this enabling technology of
communication you can think about
usability
how do people better understand robots
telling them what to do not how to do it
and drive and control that means that we
build robots not like we built
industrial machines but maybe like we
build vacuum cleaners which is highly
integrated so we we combine electronics
mechanics and software into one little
package and everything gets smaller and
smaller and gets shrunk into a
mechanical part then of course our
sensor systems navigation artificial
intelligence which you could connect to
all this communicating devices and
efficiency think of mobile applications
more and more driving robots I won’t
talk about walking robots yet but let’s
start with decent driving robots and
then you need long battery life so you
need efficiency so go back to these
cookies I showed you so you have these
small business two guys making delicious
cookies and they can make individual
cookies for you and they can do it today
so you have them tomorrow and they now
need to grow their business they need to
lower their prices because the customer
must demand it because otherwise
customers going to buy cookies in China
but they’re not individualized but
somehow you compete with that
so how would these guys yeah they get
together how would I do it they get
together they decide ok we’re going to
buy a robot then they buy this thing and
it looks really scary they have this
panel they look at it and they actually
have no clue how this should work how
can they ever do that they need a guy in
the white the white collar guy who is
the expert he’s an engineer he studied
in the region here everything harken and
he comes and do it does it for him for
them but then they say ok I’ve now made
a bunch of cookies and I’ll need to rope
reprogram my robot two hours later
because there’s a new batch coming so
they call up this guy we better
stay there because they’re gonna change
this program all the time so you see
that this is a huge problem we cannot
afford this kind of technology that we
have today we have to come up with
something new these guys they want a
robot that they tell them what to do not
how to do it they should be able to tell
this robot ok we have cookies here they
need to be in a box nicely in a package
and you need to close the box and put
tape around it and then maybe even stick
a label on it so that should be the
programming instructions for the robot
and the robot would solve this
automatically so the task of robot
engineers is to take away this
complexity hide it somehow and there
comes frost bored of thinking so we have
on the right hand side we have this
established company Siemens you maybe
know them they’re actually the biggest
control system provider in the world a
huge company very good reliable products
fantastic and then you have back-off
which is a kind of a newcomer in this
field but also already big company
they’re the most progressive companies
in industrial automation so they make
control systems for machines so that
they can produce things and on the other
side you have Google Facebook and World
of Warcraft
well Warcraft is a online game massively
online game and you can with thousands
of people you can simultaneously enter
the same game domain and play together
so that is a complete other way of
thinking connecting so many users
together you need quite some technology
to do that and funny enough these kind
of worlds are separate so the world of
Google Facebook and world of warcraft
they don’t know about the machine
automation world and vice versa are they
think it’s kind of inferior to use this
technology because we need this this
quality to keep our production up so we
are about to tear down this wall
so let’s go back to Leonardo da Vinci
he’s cutting open corpses we show a
brain so we look at how does the brain
do all these things so you have a higher
level brain which is actually your
conscious so it’s the neocortex often
associated also with artificial
intelligence so there’s a lot of
companies thinking of creating an
artificial mind which can actually
consciously think and this neocortex
gives command to the motor cortex and
the motor cortex is the part of the
brain that control controls your arms
and legs and actually has learned since
you were a baby has learned certain
skills and these skills and are for
instance walking picking something up
keeping your balance and we all do that
subconsciously so this motor cortex does
things and we don’t even notice it so
let’s let’s take this biological thing
and translate it to something technical
technological so that’s right we try to
create so we try to create a machine
motor cortex which is kind of taking
it’s very low level that means that it’s
very close to the hardware close to your
arms and legs and it has some brain of
its own so it can understand like
high-level commands like for work
forward open the door
things like that and this motor cortex
should take care of all these low-level
control things and if you combine that
with this Internet technology of
connecting everything you get something
that this can be connected to each other
and you can connect it to the web and
that opens a lot of possibilities of new
applications like you could do analytics
on your machine imagine you have a
machine or a robot and you would like to
know at this moment what is my power
consumption of this axis of this robot
if I collect all this data you’re
speaking of huge big data so we could
ask IBM
to lend us their Watson computer to
analyze all of this data and come up
with a nice answer for instance my robot
is going to break down in the next two
weeks you so you better replace it and
then I can replace it in the weekend
when I don’t have production so my
production is not cut off and also this
nice thing about this motor cortex would
be that you could directly access it
from any browser the web browser is kind
of the universal programming environment
for a lot of people a lot of people
maybe some here in this audience they
know how to build a website and create a
user interface actually so there’s a lot
of user interface and user interaction
designers out there that could use this
technology which are not from the
industrial world to create new
interfaces for people that people really
understand so this is our main effort
and it’s not only an idea we also did it
and we also test it with a team of
highly qualified four and five-year-olds
because we think these have the the kids
they have the most clean mind and if
they understand that that’s probably a
good design we also get influenced by
teaching tools for kids which employ a
lot of the methods that we actually
should employ for machine control
systems to make it easy for grownups to
use machines without prior knowledge so
this is actually my son he plays with
them a lot so it’s not a good test
object anymore because he had too much
practice but you could see that some of
these ideas that are coming from the
gaming world so these kids they use
phones and tablets yeah like it’s a
second nature and they’re already so
used to these elements on the user
interface that we should use that
instead of the classical buttons and
keyboards so this was a very early
experiment and now we are actually this
is more our state of the art
where we really have a multi-touch
beautiful to look at user interface that
actually is relatively easy to use we’re
not there yet I will admit that but we
are now have a starting point of where
we can design our user interfaces
further and we hope that by doing all of
this so starting with this machine motor
cortex which enables communication to
the web browser which creates
possibilities to make better user
interfaces to connect to artificial
intelligence on the web that this is
actually the enabling technology that
will enable the small businesses to
become competitive in the future and so
that’s also important for this region
because we want to attract more and more
businesses and the small businesses I
think have the future thank you very
much
[Applause]
[Music]
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