Goodnight
at six years old I had decided to be
doctor wanted to help bring children to
world
He lived in the Montevideo neighborhood of
hill in a villa with a beautiful sky
not as beautiful as the poland sky
this is a computer simulation
of the sky that we have tonight
and I think it’s important to show this
image of an adult and a girl who was
the image of the international year of the
astronomy
because I feel reflected in the sense
that I thought when I threw in the
grass and I looked up and had that
feeling that one falls on the
sky instead of where the sky is coming
towards one of that somewhere in those
little dots of light there was a girl who
I was looking in my direction and
wondering and if in that little spot of light
there is another girl
I accompanied a lighthouse a lighthouse not
has 12 seconds of darkness like
said drexler but he had 10 that was
the lighthouse of the fortress of the serlo
that there are many things that come together
between my experience as a girl and what
we are living today at night
later I realized that actually
we culturally put in the
sky our fears our
expectations our heroes
we transmit or identify in the sky
that with which we are
identified by that is that
Western civilizations recognize in
the sky the constellations
Yes now
as well
the stars accompany us in others
senses this image represents a
comet that visited us in 2006
this photograph was taken from the cape
polonium and won the award for the best
artistic photograph of this comet this
celestial object has the property or
has the characteristic of belonging to
a set of objects and sides that
found on the outside of the
planetary region and that eventually it
they approach the earth when the earth was
very young these objects
they brought the water that we have today in the
ocean when they bathe in these
Wonderful beaches of Cape Colony
remember that you are bathing in the
water that those messengers brought these
astronomical objects that are more than
40 times the distance from the sun of which
there is the earth
but we could also as a species get
to have the technology to put a
telescope in orbit now and more but
that image was taken by the telescope
space hubble in a fraction of the sky
which is a quarter of the full moon
with a special camera that is called
deep sky camera and that can
detect very distant objects those
little dots that you see in this image do not
They are dots like we just saw
that were stars in each of those
little dots there are 100 billion
stars is a picture of galaxies
which is simply occupying a fourth
part of the size of the full moon
Imagine the whole sky everything
we could observe with a technology of
great scope like that of the telescope
space hubble
and we have the property we
we belong to one of those galaxies that
it’s called the milky way
today it does not look so clear in the sky but
it’s like a stain because there comes the
name is like a white spot a
milky spot in the sky
and we received a lesson of humility thing
that nature does not usually give many
Sometimes we are not in the center of that
galaxy we are not even close to the
center of the galaxy
we are in the periphery in a neighborhood in
the outskirts of the galaxy to say it of
some way
and another lesson in humility that gives us
astronomy is the knowledge that the universe
it emerged 12 billion years ago
it’s a figure that I studied is a figure
What I teach in my classes is a number
which he mentioned in disclosure talks
is a number that does not fit me
head 12 billion of something 12 thousand
million granites of sand in the
beach is too big to
understand it fully
luckily there are astronomers there
popularizers of science in general
bright as carl sagan that had the
idea of concentrating the history of
universe in a year
he said that if the universe began to
the 0 hours of the first of January of a
year they know when the human species arrived
they know when we arrived in the
last seconds of December 31
had spent a huge amount of
time a huge amount of phenomena
physicists before the race appeared
human
and I like to read, I’m almost
I would say devourer of books and I imagine
in this in this story of the universe
that someone gives me a book and I with
that characteristic enthusiasm of those who
we are addicted to say it some way
the reading I open it excited and
encounter on the last page
to be continue
because because somehow everything
what happened before the
human species to the earth had already
elapsed
we are interested in curiosity
reach beyond the limits of what
we know that it is something that characterizes
the human beings who perform a labor
Detective to look to understand
to find what happened before
our arrival
and this tool in my case is the
science and in this I want to make a
Emphasize science as a process
interdisciplinary not those
watertight compartments where there is that
classic image of someone with glasses and
the messy middles a tunic
white in a laboratory and that is done
one thing and the other makes another and the
mathematicians do another and the physicists
they make another and biologists do not science
as a set of knowledge that is
organize and feed each other
different branches of knowledge
that is the graph that you can see
what is showing them is the line
central marc at 15 degrees centigrade here
I think tonight is a little bit more than
cold that but that’s a temperature
which is considered benign adequate for
life
the history of the earth from for more
down towards what above we are
showing is how I change how he walked away
the temperature of the entire planet the
average temperature throughout the
4,500 million years with our
planet has had much more periods
cold and periods much warmer than
those average 15 degrees and when we
we zoom up in that graph what
what we see is that in the last million
years at the time closest to
present that we can consider see
that movement is that to leave for a
side and for the other the temperature
planetary was very significant
and here is something that also seems to me
important to highlight not only the
scientists care about the weather
also the press cares about the
weather
cares about the weather the almost
US presidents worry about the
weather
that is to say
when there is something that not only concerns
some scientist locked in his tower
crystal but it goes through the
society that goes through the culture that is
a general concern there is when
we say good science is with
all and for all
a Serbian astronomer in 1941 proposed that
these temperature variations so
important on the entire planet had
what to do with three parameters the distance
where we are from the sun that the
earth is the sun as our
Earth tilt axis varies and
as that axis of rotation makes a
kind of spin movement those
phenomena will be periodic with a
period of every thousands of years
something was happening
the composition or interaction of those
three phenomena resulted in what
we know as insolation
this image is an image taken from
the international space station that
is also orbiting the earth and
shows a sunrise over new zealand
and I found it interesting to explain
what we talk about when we talk about
sunstroke is the energy that we are
receiving from the sun by a unit of
surface maybe a good example would be
this red circle in which I
stop encounter
well and the interdisciplinary a group of
Uruguayan paleontologists in the community
de sauce a place near montevideo
they found fossil remains of a mega
fauna what does a mega fauna of
very large animals
of the order of tons and that mega fauna
I needed a favorable climate to live
I could not live in any condition
hence the concern to see
good and where could he have had in
a moment where the coastline
it was much further away than it is
now we would not have the coast
here I was much more towards this one
forward the coastline and in a
moment when we approached the
last glacier the last glacial period
that is, we were approaching the ice age
where that came factor that could
compensate for the aridity in which maybe
was living or in which according to
scientific literature was living
that mega fauna and good we will all have
ever heard that what kills is the
humidity in this case not in this case what
that does not kill is the humidity what
we were looking for was just saying
good where can he have come from
benign conditions
water to temper that aridity and that cold
in which he would supposedly be living
that mega fauna
I make a parenthesis pointing to one thing
those are the computers that the
apollo 11 mission that put man in the
Moon
the apollo 11 mission could have eight
tasks from the point of view
computational at the same time eight no
more than that, think about how many tasks
they have their cell phones with the
capacity of a cell phone today
in day we could throw thousands of supports
11 towards the moon
but for example that theory of
milankovic that I pointed out to him that
through mathematical calculations could
explain the changes in temperature
of the earth today and applications
of cell phones to be able to vary those
parameters and calculate the insolation in
any time
obviously we do not use a
cell application we are a little bit
more serious when we are trying to
Do a scientific and rigorous work
and where were data collected because
this is why a lot showed the
Apollo missions on the one hand are used
computational calculations that have
abbreviated a lot the work of doing
accounts and accounts and accounts by hand but
on the other hand we have to appeal to the
memory that keeps our planet by
that the title of the stars as
guardians of time in memory that
that is there is Antarctica in the
Antarctic there are several projects
international that what they do is
drill the ice get a kind of
ice cylinders and cut slices and
in those little slices it identifies the
same way that happens with rings
of the trees are identified periods
in which there was cold and in which
the climate was more benign
trying to relate those two things
the computational models and
observations or records that are
get from antarctica
we manage that
that it was possible to find a
reservoir of moisture water for the
our silver river where I was in
that moment that mega fauna that this
Uruguayan paleontologists team
he found his fossils in willow what
important is that we manage to have the
tool to be able to calculate that for
our latitude that’s why I mentioned in
some time this the south too
exists
there were many scientific articles and
many calculations made for the attitude
it’s 65 north we try
achieve and we managed to do the calculations
and correlate the with
observations for 35 south that is the
latitude of the silver river
and that girl who dreamed if there would be another
another girl who looked at her from a
star
he had the opportunity as he told them
to study astronomy to establish a
interdisciplinary study of
worry about how the climate of
the land and how we could address it and
now we move a little bit to a
planet neighbor to mars
Mars that has the name of the god of
war the Martian surface is of
Red color
and has polar ice caps just like
we have on the ground there is ice water
and there is a kind of mantra that repeats
the nasa that is the search for life
begins with the search for water
in 1900 and a little percival astronomer
Lowell observed Mars not with the ability
which has the hubble space telescope
who is the one who took the first image that
I showed them but with a telescope
much more limited and I draw a few traits
that he seemed to see on the surface
Martian and I call the channels
Martians and he figured that was a
engineering work where engineers
Martians had designed huge
aqueducts that ran from the poles
up to the Martian equator carrying the
water that those inhabitants that in their
imagination lived in the sea you
I needed to continue living
let’s go back to earth for a moment
land and a formation in china
that has a series of is structured
as in a series of capita is a
mountain where there is a series of chapels
the capita below reflect what
happened back in time those of
above, the most current
when I started to see this to see how
I could relate it to Mars I found
two articles two that were science
basic that was good like this as a
From this we can find out something
of the weather everyone else was
worried about a transcendent subject the
oil because in that area in china there are
a very large oil reserve
that somehow also marks
agendas not that we study that no
we study how far the
if no basic knowledge behind a
Certain this a certain contribution as the
made of the presence of oil to me
I was not interested in the presence of
oil I was interested in
relate this to Mars
on Mars at this moment there is a mission
the curiosity mission where there is a rover
that is traveling the surface of
Mars imagine something the size of a
microwave traveling the surface of
mars and that was thought so that it arrived
to the Martian surface it faces
also to a mountain also with those
capitas that are forming throughout
of time and that each of them has
the weather record at that time of the
the moment he was formed
the difference between the
mountain in china and this mountain called
bone sharp on Mars is that the mountain of
Mars is highest the mountain in China
can give us information about what
it happened until three thousand 800 million
of years in the past is a lot but
the one on Mars can go further back and that
interesting thing about this the interesting thing about
this is that at that moment both in
Mars as on earth there was water
liquid and that Mars had a lot of climate
more benign than it has today
that means we can be
thinking as in two stories that
they were giving in a parallel way after
Mars
somehow lost the great game
much of its liquid water
the nasa has made an announcement
where I said the dream of
lowell in some way that is
found liquid water in regions
near the equator those regions where
then he said good there has to be
engineers that carry the water up there
good has been found under the
Martian surface in the first subway
under the surface there is liquid water
google on your homepage pointed it out
with that picture of happy Mars
taking a glass of water by the
presence of liquid water
and the idea then is to study by
example those layers of advance and retreat
in the ice of the polar ice caps
from marte see kiko relation have with
that insolation that can determine the
change in the climate of Mars study
those layers that are also in craters
in the equatorial region
and this I bring to mind that a
Sometimes one thinks
someone is studying mart or a
scientist must be spectacular
the whole story is not really the
science has a lot of
interesting work adventure
detective but also has that
of being methodical about being in front of a
computer hours and hours
measuring heads and doing calculations
numbers etc etc
in 1995 an article appears in a
very prestigious magazine that says good
in Antarctica a meteorite was collected
it was proven that that meteorite was from Mars
it came from Mars
and some features were found
that in those that here are marked with some
tiny little black arrows but in
reality when we see the image is this
and that meteorite had structures
that if I asked any of
you to what you remind them I am
sure that the word gusanito would be
Over there
in the mind of more than one is actually
a structure that makes you agree
very much to bacteria or certain
bacteria that are in the earth warned a
fossil structure
there is still an open discussion in the
scientific community if they really are
fossils of bacteria or not
but in the case that they are, they are
fossils nothing green sticky and with
antennae is going to come out of there in
all the ways the fact of finding if
life on Mars is confirmed that can
talk in addition to a story of
exchange of material for example to
through the meteorites between that life
arising on Mars and life emerging
on earth with two planets that
they were with benign climates and with water
liquid that is truly
thrilling
now I told them at the beginning
we arrived as a species in the
last seconds of December 31 if
let’s put the history of the universe in
one year
we got to have the technology
enough to be able to put telescopes
orbiting the earth we get to have the
enough technology to put a
rover walking on the surface of
Mars we have the technology to take
images where I heard that I did not mention it
but in those ice layers of the poles
at high resolution
we are talking about resolutions of
meters if one of the trucks that we
they enter the pole would not have been
there we would have seen it in agreement but
all that intelligence all that ability
of the human species also generates a
huge commitment to my understanding we have
to stop thinking we are we
one
we are the human species the species
human that is in that ship called
planet earth that is trying to
leave that cradle where it came from and
explore the planets nearby
and have the responsibility to say
good this story will continue and who
will write the next pages of the
history the generations that come to
those generations we owe him the best of
the possible worlds
that’s why I wanted to finish with this sentence
from carl sagan that reminds me of that
girl who 40 years ago thought if another
girl was watching her and that even today
I share these words of Carl Sagan
because I keep thinking about it sometimes I think
there is life on other planets sometimes I think
that no but in any case the
answer is amazing thank you very much
[Applause]
at six years old I had decided to be
doctor wanted to help bring children to
world
He lived in the Montevideo neighborhood of
hill in a villa with a beautiful sky
not as beautiful as the poland sky
this is a computer simulation
of the sky that we have tonight
and I think it’s important to show this
image of an adult and a girl who was
the image of the international year of the
astronomy
because I feel reflected in the sense
that I thought when I threw in the
grass and I looked up and had that
feeling that one falls on the
sky instead of where the sky is coming
towards one of that somewhere in those
little dots of light there was a girl who
I was looking in my direction and
wondering and if in that little spot of light
there is another girl
I accompanied a lighthouse a lighthouse not
has 12 seconds of darkness like
said drexler but he had 10 that was
the lighthouse of the fortress of the serlo
that there are many things that come together
between my experience as a girl and what
we are living today at night
later I realized that actually
we culturally put in the
sky our fears our
expectations our heroes
we transmit or identify in the sky
that with which we are
identified by that is that
Western civilizations recognize in
the sky the constellations
Yes now
as well
the stars accompany us in others
senses this image represents a
comet that visited us in 2006
this photograph was taken from the cape
polonium and won the award for the best
artistic photograph of this comet this
celestial object has the property or
has the characteristic of belonging to
a set of objects and sides that
found on the outside of the
planetary region and that eventually it
they approach the earth when the earth was
very young these objects
they brought the water that we have today in the
ocean when they bathe in these
Wonderful beaches of Cape Colony
remember that you are bathing in the
water that those messengers brought these
astronomical objects that are more than
40 times the distance from the sun of which
there is the earth
but we could also as a species get
to have the technology to put a
telescope in orbit now and more but
that image was taken by the telescope
space hubble in a fraction of the sky
which is a quarter of the full moon
with a special camera that is called
deep sky camera and that can
detect very distant objects those
little dots that you see in this image do not
They are dots like we just saw
that were stars in each of those
little dots there are 100 billion
stars is a picture of galaxies
which is simply occupying a fourth
part of the size of the full moon
Imagine the whole sky everything
we could observe with a technology of
great scope like that of the telescope
space hubble
and we have the property we
we belong to one of those galaxies that
it’s called the milky way
today it does not look so clear in the sky but
it’s like a stain because there comes the
name is like a white spot a
milky spot in the sky
and we received a lesson of humility thing
that nature does not usually give many
Sometimes we are not in the center of that
galaxy we are not even close to the
center of the galaxy
we are in the periphery in a neighborhood in
the outskirts of the galaxy to say it of
some way
and another lesson in humility that gives us
astronomy is the knowledge that the universe
it emerged 12 billion years ago
it’s a figure that I studied is a figure
What I teach in my classes is a number
which he mentioned in disclosure talks
is a number that does not fit me
head 12 billion of something 12 thousand
million granites of sand in the
beach is too big to
understand it fully
luckily there are astronomers there
popularizers of science in general
bright as carl sagan that had the
idea of concentrating the history of
universe in a year
he said that if the universe began to
the 0 hours of the first of January of a
year they know when the human species arrived
they know when we arrived in the
last seconds of December 31
had spent a huge amount of
time a huge amount of phenomena
physicists before the race appeared
human
and I like to read, I’m almost
I would say devourer of books and I imagine
in this in this story of the universe
that someone gives me a book and I with
that characteristic enthusiasm of those who
we are addicted to say it some way
the reading I open it excited and
encounter on the last page
to be continue
because because somehow everything
what happened before the
human species to the earth had already
elapsed
we are interested in curiosity
reach beyond the limits of what
we know that it is something that characterizes
the human beings who perform a labor
Detective to look to understand
to find what happened before
our arrival
and this tool in my case is the
science and in this I want to make a
Emphasize science as a process
interdisciplinary not those
watertight compartments where there is that
classic image of someone with glasses and
the messy middles a tunic
white in a laboratory and that is done
one thing and the other makes another and the
mathematicians do another and the physicists
they make another and biologists do not science
as a set of knowledge that is
organize and feed each other
different branches of knowledge
that is the graph that you can see
what is showing them is the line
central marc at 15 degrees centigrade here
I think tonight is a little bit more than
cold that but that’s a temperature
which is considered benign adequate for
life
the history of the earth from for more
down towards what above we are
showing is how I change how he walked away
the temperature of the entire planet the
average temperature throughout the
4,500 million years with our
planet has had much more periods
cold and periods much warmer than
those average 15 degrees and when we
we zoom up in that graph what
what we see is that in the last million
years at the time closest to
present that we can consider see
that movement is that to leave for a
side and for the other the temperature
planetary was very significant
and here is something that also seems to me
important to highlight not only the
scientists care about the weather
also the press cares about the
weather
cares about the weather the almost
US presidents worry about the
weather
that is to say
when there is something that not only concerns
some scientist locked in his tower
crystal but it goes through the
society that goes through the culture that is
a general concern there is when
we say good science is with
all and for all
a Serbian astronomer in 1941 proposed that
these temperature variations so
important on the entire planet had
what to do with three parameters the distance
where we are from the sun that the
earth is the sun as our
Earth tilt axis varies and
as that axis of rotation makes a
kind of spin movement those
phenomena will be periodic with a
period of every thousands of years
something was happening
the composition or interaction of those
three phenomena resulted in what
we know as insolation
this image is an image taken from
the international space station that
is also orbiting the earth and
shows a sunrise over new zealand
and I found it interesting to explain
what we talk about when we talk about
sunstroke is the energy that we are
receiving from the sun by a unit of
surface maybe a good example would be
this red circle in which I
stop encounter
well and the interdisciplinary a group of
Uruguayan paleontologists in the community
de sauce a place near montevideo
they found fossil remains of a mega
fauna what does a mega fauna of
very large animals
of the order of tons and that mega fauna
I needed a favorable climate to live
I could not live in any condition
hence the concern to see
good and where could he have had in
a moment where the coastline
it was much further away than it is
now we would not have the coast
here I was much more towards this one
forward the coastline and in a
moment when we approached the
last glacier the last glacial period
that is, we were approaching the ice age
where that came factor that could
compensate for the aridity in which maybe
was living or in which according to
scientific literature was living
that mega fauna and good we will all have
ever heard that what kills is the
humidity in this case not in this case what
that does not kill is the humidity what
we were looking for was just saying
good where can he have come from
benign conditions
water to temper that aridity and that cold
in which he would supposedly be living
that mega fauna
I make a parenthesis pointing to one thing
those are the computers that the
apollo 11 mission that put man in the
Moon
the apollo 11 mission could have eight
tasks from the point of view
computational at the same time eight no
more than that, think about how many tasks
they have their cell phones with the
capacity of a cell phone today
in day we could throw thousands of supports
11 towards the moon
but for example that theory of
milankovic that I pointed out to him that
through mathematical calculations could
explain the changes in temperature
of the earth today and applications
of cell phones to be able to vary those
parameters and calculate the insolation in
any time
obviously we do not use a
cell application we are a little bit
more serious when we are trying to
Do a scientific and rigorous work
and where were data collected because
this is why a lot showed the
Apollo missions on the one hand are used
computational calculations that have
abbreviated a lot the work of doing
accounts and accounts and accounts by hand but
on the other hand we have to appeal to the
memory that keeps our planet by
that the title of the stars as
guardians of time in memory that
that is there is Antarctica in the
Antarctic there are several projects
international that what they do is
drill the ice get a kind of
ice cylinders and cut slices and
in those little slices it identifies the
same way that happens with rings
of the trees are identified periods
in which there was cold and in which
the climate was more benign
trying to relate those two things
the computational models and
observations or records that are
get from antarctica
we manage that
that it was possible to find a
reservoir of moisture water for the
our silver river where I was in
that moment that mega fauna that this
Uruguayan paleontologists team
he found his fossils in willow what
important is that we manage to have the
tool to be able to calculate that for
our latitude that’s why I mentioned in
some time this the south too
exists
there were many scientific articles and
many calculations made for the attitude
it’s 65 north we try
achieve and we managed to do the calculations
and correlate the with
observations for 35 south that is the
latitude of the silver river
and that girl who dreamed if there would be another
another girl who looked at her from a
star
he had the opportunity as he told them
to study astronomy to establish a
interdisciplinary study of
worry about how the climate of
the land and how we could address it and
now we move a little bit to a
planet neighbor to mars
Mars that has the name of the god of
war the Martian surface is of
Red color
and has polar ice caps just like
we have on the ground there is ice water
and there is a kind of mantra that repeats
the nasa that is the search for life
begins with the search for water
in 1900 and a little percival astronomer
Lowell observed Mars not with the ability
which has the hubble space telescope
who is the one who took the first image that
I showed them but with a telescope
much more limited and I draw a few traits
that he seemed to see on the surface
Martian and I call the channels
Martians and he figured that was a
engineering work where engineers
Martians had designed huge
aqueducts that ran from the poles
up to the Martian equator carrying the
water that those inhabitants that in their
imagination lived in the sea you
I needed to continue living
let’s go back to earth for a moment
land and a formation in china
that has a series of is structured
as in a series of capita is a
mountain where there is a series of chapels
the capita below reflect what
happened back in time those of
above, the most current
when I started to see this to see how
I could relate it to Mars I found
two articles two that were science
basic that was good like this as a
From this we can find out something
of the weather everyone else was
worried about a transcendent subject the
oil because in that area in china there are
a very large oil reserve
that somehow also marks
agendas not that we study that no
we study how far the
if no basic knowledge behind a
Certain this a certain contribution as the
made of the presence of oil to me
I was not interested in the presence of
oil I was interested in
relate this to Mars
on Mars at this moment there is a mission
the curiosity mission where there is a rover
that is traveling the surface of
Mars imagine something the size of a
microwave traveling the surface of
mars and that was thought so that it arrived
to the Martian surface it faces
also to a mountain also with those
capitas that are forming throughout
of time and that each of them has
the weather record at that time of the
the moment he was formed
the difference between the
mountain in china and this mountain called
bone sharp on Mars is that the mountain of
Mars is highest the mountain in China
can give us information about what
it happened until three thousand 800 million
of years in the past is a lot but
the one on Mars can go further back and that
interesting thing about this the interesting thing about
this is that at that moment both in
Mars as on earth there was water
liquid and that Mars had a lot of climate
more benign than it has today
that means we can be
thinking as in two stories that
they were giving in a parallel way after
Mars
somehow lost the great game
much of its liquid water
the nasa has made an announcement
where I said the dream of
lowell in some way that is
found liquid water in regions
near the equator those regions where
then he said good there has to be
engineers that carry the water up there
good has been found under the
Martian surface in the first subway
under the surface there is liquid water
google on your homepage pointed it out
with that picture of happy Mars
taking a glass of water by the
presence of liquid water
and the idea then is to study by
example those layers of advance and retreat
in the ice of the polar ice caps
from marte see kiko relation have with
that insolation that can determine the
change in the climate of Mars study
those layers that are also in craters
in the equatorial region
and this I bring to mind that a
Sometimes one thinks
someone is studying mart or a
scientist must be spectacular
the whole story is not really the
science has a lot of
interesting work adventure
detective but also has that
of being methodical about being in front of a
computer hours and hours
measuring heads and doing calculations
numbers etc etc
in 1995 an article appears in a
very prestigious magazine that says good
in Antarctica a meteorite was collected
it was proven that that meteorite was from Mars
it came from Mars
and some features were found
that in those that here are marked with some
tiny little black arrows but in
reality when we see the image is this
and that meteorite had structures
that if I asked any of
you to what you remind them I am
sure that the word gusanito would be
Over there
in the mind of more than one is actually
a structure that makes you agree
very much to bacteria or certain
bacteria that are in the earth warned a
fossil structure
there is still an open discussion in the
scientific community if they really are
fossils of bacteria or not
but in the case that they are, they are
fossils nothing green sticky and with
antennae is going to come out of there in
all the ways the fact of finding if
life on Mars is confirmed that can
talk in addition to a story of
exchange of material for example to
through the meteorites between that life
arising on Mars and life emerging
on earth with two planets that
they were with benign climates and with water
liquid that is truly
thrilling
now I told them at the beginning
we arrived as a species in the
last seconds of December 31 if
let’s put the history of the universe in
one year
we got to have the technology
enough to be able to put telescopes
orbiting the earth we get to have the
enough technology to put a
rover walking on the surface of
Mars we have the technology to take
images where I heard that I did not mention it
but in those ice layers of the poles
at high resolution
we are talking about resolutions of
meters if one of the trucks that we
they enter the pole would not have been
there we would have seen it in agreement but
all that intelligence all that ability
of the human species also generates a
huge commitment to my understanding we have
to stop thinking we are we
one
we are the human species the species
human that is in that ship called
planet earth that is trying to
leave that cradle where it came from and
explore the planets nearby
and have the responsibility to say
good this story will continue and who
will write the next pages of the
history the generations that come to
those generations we owe him the best of
the possible worlds
that’s why I wanted to finish with this sentence
from carl sagan that reminds me of that
girl who 40 years ago thought if another
girl was watching her and that even today
I share these words of Carl Sagan
because I keep thinking about it sometimes I think
there is life on other planets sometimes I think
that no but in any case the
answer is amazing thank you very much
[Applause]
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