on the 27th of February of 2010 I was a
good eating when I was woken by a big
shake in Chile were used to earthquakes
and you wouldn’t bother for less than a
6 in the Richter scale so I waited until
I realized it was a big one
I did what any Chilean would do although
I was heavily pregnant I woke my
daughter up held her in my arms and run
to the safest place in our flat a space
in between a structural walls and under
a beam my husband rushed to to hold our
television the quake lasted 90 seconds
we could hear the noise of the earth
moving underground then we checked if we
could open the front door luckily our
building was in perfect condition then
we open the windows and we didn’t see
any buildings collapsed but people were
outside
scared of getting trapped inside their
houses then we called our families and
it took us some time because the lines
were collapsed everyone was doing the
same at that time we couldn’t asleep so
we turn on the radio to find official
information it was an earthquake of 8.8
magnitude the second strongest
earthquake in Chile’s history the quake
was so strong that scientists estimate
that it moved the earth on its axis by 8
centimeters and it shortened the length
of the day but more than one microsecond
although the epicenter was far from
Santiago many buildings were destroyed
in different regions of the country also
the earthquake was followed by a tsunami
which destroyed many coastal cities
despite the magnitude of the disaster
which affect more than 75% of the
population only around 500 people died
however more than 300,000 houses were
completely destroyed those families they
are lost their only asset their memories
in recent decades the number of
disasters caused by met relevance has
increased some researchers suggest that
there are three main reasons for this
a rising frequency of natural phenomena
due to climate change an increase in the
number of people living in vulnerable
and exposed areas and an increase in the
use of low-cost design and poor quality
materials my country is exposed to
earthquakes tsunamis volcanic eruptions
mudslides floods and fires and we have
learned to be prepared for some of them
after every big earthquake our building
cost codes are revised leading to a
safer behavior of buildings and a
reduced number of casualties however
after these events many buildings are
still being destroyed and Chile is not
the only one after written disasters
many houses have been destroyed in
different places around the world in the
u.s. in Haiti the Philippines and power
China Japan among others the number of
houses destroyed after these recent
disasters represents three times the
housing stock of London as you can see
housing it is a critical issue after
disasters for families affected to get
durable accommodation may take years
because of different reasons such as the
removal of debris finding available land
lack of material what will you do if
your house was destroyed in my case if
the 2010 earthquake had destroyed my
flat I would have moved to my parents
house or I would have been able to rent
another accommodation I would have asked
the insurance company to cover some of
the repairing costs but not everyone is
that lucky usually the most exposed are
the most vulnerable the least prepared
the ones that do not have insurance no
other have safe housing options no
savings at all
after that earthquake in China many
families went from living in traditional
old houses over hundred square meters to
temporary houses of eighteen square
meters or fishing communities were
displaced from the coast to temporary
settlements on the hills
many families after disasters are housed
in interim accommodation trying to go
back to their routines to normality to
send their kids to school to start to
work again this process of recovery does
not take months it takes years for them
and because it takes years to recover
after disaster shelter is more than just
a building more than just a roof alone
it is a home and home has been defined
as a location a place physical structure
a material but also as a set of feelings
and emotions and as the relation between
these concepts that ties them together
homes need privacy
intimacy and comfort security and
control our ideas some values
relationship with family and friends so
what happens when you lose your home if
home refers to these complex like
mentions homelessness as the opposite
means the lack of them the United Nation
states that homelessness Harry Caray’s
implications of belonging north
rather than having lowered sleep in that
sense homelessness implies disengagement
from the culture society and identity
and why is this important to designers
or architects why is this important to
me because there is little information
about how the sign of housing should be
in order to reduce the stress caused by
a disaster despite an important role for
housing in the psychological and
physical well-being of those families
affected there is information about
minimum standards efficient arrangements
or how to organize a group of houses
very little is said about adequacy for a
temporary situation that will last for
many years how to provide them with a
sense of belonging dignity in recent
years many proposals have been published
in journals websites and books but few
of them have been implemented and
actually this is a good thing because
many of them are inadequate for the
traditions and their local cultures and
the climate focusing on technical
innovation rather than taking into
account the needs of those families our
one size fits all the sign should not be
used to show their families after
disaster because it is crucial to
incorporate local culture and home
practices in order to truly support the
recovery of those affected in the 70s
polyurethane foam domes were used after
earthquakes in Turkey Peru
Nicaragua most of those shelters were
rejected by those communities because
they never lived in an igloo shaped
house before moreover the use of a very
combustible material was not appropriate
for families that use open fire for
cooking in recent years new materials
and technologies have been used in
temporary housing after disasters it is
okay if they are used with care however
we have seen metal timber plastic panels
being used in places where those
materials are inadequate for example in
Sri Lanka after the 2004 Indian Ocean
tsunami metal shelters were called
microwave ovens because it was too hot
for families to live inside or after
earthquakes in Peru and Chile the same
model of house was used while in that
part through the climate this asserted
in that part in Chile’s rainy and cold
in that part of Peru families
traditionally cook outside the houses in
that part of Chile the kitchen is the
center of the house which keeps it warm
during the winter those differences
should be included in the design because
of the temporary those houses will be
did you know that in the car industry
the sound of the door closing is
engineered to make you feel safe or that
some cars are so good at insulating
outside noise that they need to feed the
sound of the engine back through the car
speakers they do that to make you feel
comfortable and to make you feel safe
why don’t we have something like that in
houses in places where families need to
recover to feel less vulnerable more at
home after disasters it is also
important to remember that home is not a
static it implies a process of home
making a continuous a state of
incremental improvement that reflects
our social ambitions homes are sites of
memory where we place objects in order
to remind ourselves about family friends
and events and homes are shaped by
cultural norms that our idea to belong
our concepts of identity and to create a
position the capacity to modify one’s
home can provide a sense of achievement
and control sistex pression and freedom
of action the modifications are not only
influenced by practical decisions such
as space or quality priorities can be
less apparent such as the importance of
creating a facade before finishing other
rooms
whiticus homes also reflects ideals and
aspirations after that earthquake in
Chile families knew they must leave
their shelters like a certain date
however the invested time and resources
in order to improve those temporary
houses enlarging them and customizing
them to their needs that can be seen as
a move towards a durable solution
however in many cases they are done
without any technical supervision and
without any knowledge of building
construction that can lead to alien
occupancy or a poor quality housing
however when the land is owned by
families it can be a good extension of
the permanent house there are many
examples
flexible design that can catalyze these
modifications flexibility can provide
families the opportunity to transform
their shelters their houses into places
to call home although this example is a
permanent house those strategies could
be used for post assessor accommodation
but in most cases most designs are done
with an idea of universal prototypes are
related to culture I’m focusing on
creating innovative designs into instead
of the real needs of the families
therefore today I will not give you a
uniform unique design to shelter after
any disaster because each design has to
be done carefully including cultural
values social adequacy material
availability and flexibility for future
changes including multidisciplinary
teams our task is to predefined
temporary houses that are adequate
including those local cultures we know
that families will be living there for
many years and we know the places and
areas that are most most exposed we know
that despite plans of risk reduction
some catastrophic events will have in
any way a house is more than just a
building if we combine the tools we
already have with an understanding of
local culture and the sign we can
support those families to create a home
after disaster thank you [Applause]
good eating when I was woken by a big
shake in Chile were used to earthquakes
and you wouldn’t bother for less than a
6 in the Richter scale so I waited until
I realized it was a big one
I did what any Chilean would do although
I was heavily pregnant I woke my
daughter up held her in my arms and run
to the safest place in our flat a space
in between a structural walls and under
a beam my husband rushed to to hold our
television the quake lasted 90 seconds
we could hear the noise of the earth
moving underground then we checked if we
could open the front door luckily our
building was in perfect condition then
we open the windows and we didn’t see
any buildings collapsed but people were
outside
scared of getting trapped inside their
houses then we called our families and
it took us some time because the lines
were collapsed everyone was doing the
same at that time we couldn’t asleep so
we turn on the radio to find official
information it was an earthquake of 8.8
magnitude the second strongest
earthquake in Chile’s history the quake
was so strong that scientists estimate
that it moved the earth on its axis by 8
centimeters and it shortened the length
of the day but more than one microsecond
although the epicenter was far from
Santiago many buildings were destroyed
in different regions of the country also
the earthquake was followed by a tsunami
which destroyed many coastal cities
despite the magnitude of the disaster
which affect more than 75% of the
population only around 500 people died
however more than 300,000 houses were
completely destroyed those families they
are lost their only asset their memories
in recent decades the number of
disasters caused by met relevance has
increased some researchers suggest that
there are three main reasons for this
a rising frequency of natural phenomena
due to climate change an increase in the
number of people living in vulnerable
and exposed areas and an increase in the
use of low-cost design and poor quality
materials my country is exposed to
earthquakes tsunamis volcanic eruptions
mudslides floods and fires and we have
learned to be prepared for some of them
after every big earthquake our building
cost codes are revised leading to a
safer behavior of buildings and a
reduced number of casualties however
after these events many buildings are
still being destroyed and Chile is not
the only one after written disasters
many houses have been destroyed in
different places around the world in the
u.s. in Haiti the Philippines and power
China Japan among others the number of
houses destroyed after these recent
disasters represents three times the
housing stock of London as you can see
housing it is a critical issue after
disasters for families affected to get
durable accommodation may take years
because of different reasons such as the
removal of debris finding available land
lack of material what will you do if
your house was destroyed in my case if
the 2010 earthquake had destroyed my
flat I would have moved to my parents
house or I would have been able to rent
another accommodation I would have asked
the insurance company to cover some of
the repairing costs but not everyone is
that lucky usually the most exposed are
the most vulnerable the least prepared
the ones that do not have insurance no
other have safe housing options no
savings at all
after that earthquake in China many
families went from living in traditional
old houses over hundred square meters to
temporary houses of eighteen square
meters or fishing communities were
displaced from the coast to temporary
settlements on the hills
many families after disasters are housed
in interim accommodation trying to go
back to their routines to normality to
send their kids to school to start to
work again this process of recovery does
not take months it takes years for them
and because it takes years to recover
after disaster shelter is more than just
a building more than just a roof alone
it is a home and home has been defined
as a location a place physical structure
a material but also as a set of feelings
and emotions and as the relation between
these concepts that ties them together
homes need privacy
intimacy and comfort security and
control our ideas some values
relationship with family and friends so
what happens when you lose your home if
home refers to these complex like
mentions homelessness as the opposite
means the lack of them the United Nation
states that homelessness Harry Caray’s
implications of belonging north
rather than having lowered sleep in that
sense homelessness implies disengagement
from the culture society and identity
and why is this important to designers
or architects why is this important to
me because there is little information
about how the sign of housing should be
in order to reduce the stress caused by
a disaster despite an important role for
housing in the psychological and
physical well-being of those families
affected there is information about
minimum standards efficient arrangements
or how to organize a group of houses
very little is said about adequacy for a
temporary situation that will last for
many years how to provide them with a
sense of belonging dignity in recent
years many proposals have been published
in journals websites and books but few
of them have been implemented and
actually this is a good thing because
many of them are inadequate for the
traditions and their local cultures and
the climate focusing on technical
innovation rather than taking into
account the needs of those families our
one size fits all the sign should not be
used to show their families after
disaster because it is crucial to
incorporate local culture and home
practices in order to truly support the
recovery of those affected in the 70s
polyurethane foam domes were used after
earthquakes in Turkey Peru
Nicaragua most of those shelters were
rejected by those communities because
they never lived in an igloo shaped
house before moreover the use of a very
combustible material was not appropriate
for families that use open fire for
cooking in recent years new materials
and technologies have been used in
temporary housing after disasters it is
okay if they are used with care however
we have seen metal timber plastic panels
being used in places where those
materials are inadequate for example in
Sri Lanka after the 2004 Indian Ocean
tsunami metal shelters were called
microwave ovens because it was too hot
for families to live inside or after
earthquakes in Peru and Chile the same
model of house was used while in that
part through the climate this asserted
in that part in Chile’s rainy and cold
in that part of Peru families
traditionally cook outside the houses in
that part of Chile the kitchen is the
center of the house which keeps it warm
during the winter those differences
should be included in the design because
of the temporary those houses will be
did you know that in the car industry
the sound of the door closing is
engineered to make you feel safe or that
some cars are so good at insulating
outside noise that they need to feed the
sound of the engine back through the car
speakers they do that to make you feel
comfortable and to make you feel safe
why don’t we have something like that in
houses in places where families need to
recover to feel less vulnerable more at
home after disasters it is also
important to remember that home is not a
static it implies a process of home
making a continuous a state of
incremental improvement that reflects
our social ambitions homes are sites of
memory where we place objects in order
to remind ourselves about family friends
and events and homes are shaped by
cultural norms that our idea to belong
our concepts of identity and to create a
position the capacity to modify one’s
home can provide a sense of achievement
and control sistex pression and freedom
of action the modifications are not only
influenced by practical decisions such
as space or quality priorities can be
less apparent such as the importance of
creating a facade before finishing other
rooms
whiticus homes also reflects ideals and
aspirations after that earthquake in
Chile families knew they must leave
their shelters like a certain date
however the invested time and resources
in order to improve those temporary
houses enlarging them and customizing
them to their needs that can be seen as
a move towards a durable solution
however in many cases they are done
without any technical supervision and
without any knowledge of building
construction that can lead to alien
occupancy or a poor quality housing
however when the land is owned by
families it can be a good extension of
the permanent house there are many
examples
flexible design that can catalyze these
modifications flexibility can provide
families the opportunity to transform
their shelters their houses into places
to call home although this example is a
permanent house those strategies could
be used for post assessor accommodation
but in most cases most designs are done
with an idea of universal prototypes are
related to culture I’m focusing on
creating innovative designs into instead
of the real needs of the families
therefore today I will not give you a
uniform unique design to shelter after
any disaster because each design has to
be done carefully including cultural
values social adequacy material
availability and flexibility for future
changes including multidisciplinary
teams our task is to predefined
temporary houses that are adequate
including those local cultures we know
that families will be living there for
many years and we know the places and
areas that are most most exposed we know
that despite plans of risk reduction
some catastrophic events will have in
any way a house is more than just a
building if we combine the tools we
already have with an understanding of
local culture and the sign we can
support those families to create a home
after disaster thank you [Applause]
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