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Fake News or Real? | Zarrar Khuhro | TEDxZiauddinUniversity


I’m here to tell you that fake news is
going to kill all of you okay and you’re
not really ready for it either and the
reason that you’re not and none of us
are ready for it is because we’ve been
lied to our entire lives we’ve been lied
to for generations and we will like to
buy off all people our kindergarten
teachers you know how they kept telling
you that it sticks and stones may break
your bones but words can never hurt you
yeah that’s wrong because words when you
mix them with a generous
you know dozen scoops of Lies a massive
sprinkling of malice words can very much
hurt you well it’s can in fact incite a
bunch of people with actual sticks and
actual stones to literally break your
bone take India for example right I mean
you’ve all heard of Netflix and chill
yes
they’ve gone straight to whatsapp and
kill which is not a good thing what am I
talking about just this year alone
dozens of people in various Indian
states have been lynched not for eating
beef burgers as you may imagine but
because they were suspected of being
child kidnappers why because prior to
each and every one of these incidents
which are mapped across a dozen Indian
states viral what’s app messages spread
they had text and they’re open so
they’re young great you can’t read this
I’m going to leave this out to you they
had pics and they had pictures the
pictures are of arrested alleged child
kidnappers some pictures are of their
alleged victims some of them are in fact
of murdered children obviously we’re not
going to show you those what does that
message say this message in particular
feeds beware
several gangs of 15 to 20 though India
Muslims have come to endure and
accompanied by women and children they
carry weapons and they come around 2
a.m. and they will go into any house
where they hear children so please keep
your doors locked and please spread this
as widely as you can naturally forward
as received so people did in fact spit
it out what happened then is to get
there are variations of this depending
on
State you are talking about in the
eastern states where people are afraid
of failure Indian fu jeez the alleged
culprits will be the hinges in the
southern states they’ll be outsiders but
the pattern is always the same they
target a already suspect already
marginalized minority and they incite
violence against them it’s ridiculously
successful it’s so successful that one
government team that was actually sent
to the village to tell people yet please
don’t kill people because of these
what’s a fumarole
were killed because people thought that
you know they in fact were the child
kidnappers trying to confuse them that’s
how effective this is the pictures are
all genuine except that they’re not any
not one of them has to do with the
actual event that they’re talking about
they’re from different events some of
them are years old but naturally no one
stops to bother because I mean cliche
right a picture’s worth a thousand words
right and if a picture is worth a
thousand words well how much is the
video worth
take this video for example okay that’s
really convincing right there’s this
child standing on the street looks very
desi two guys come pick her or him and
they take off right now how can you
doubt that it’s right there in front of
you this video was used in Tamil Nadu
and then later it was used in
Maharashtra of course in Tamil Nadu they
the caption is Tamil and then
Maharashtra the caption is Marathi where
is this video come from this video was
made right here in Karachi in Pakistan
this was made by the Schnee helpline
which is an NGO that works with tracking
abducted and abused children if you look
at the actual video in a little while
these guys come back they put the kid
back on the on the road and they say
that and there’s a they hold up a banner
saying that it only takes one minute for
a child to be abducted in Karachi a
video that was meant to save lives has
claimed a dozen lives so far I haven’t
checked my feed yet it’s possibly it’s
gone up to 20 who knows if you think
that’s crazy then you’re in for another
surprise over here of pizza gate pizza
gate is fantastic I mean if you’re
thinking that you know my god this is
India low literacy rate blah blah blah
this is from the United States pizza
it was a conspiracy theory spread around
the time of the u.s. elections which
alleged that top members of the
Democratic Party our in fact Satanist
maybe they are and they sacrifice
children in the ritual in their various
satanic rituals and they do it in the
basement of a pizza shop okay I mean
forget for a moment why some of the
richest people in the world would need
to vent a pizza shop basement logic does
not apply here now you may think this is
crazy but according to one poll 14% of
Trump voters actually believe this this
this this genius that you see over here
what’s his name yeah Edgar Madison Welch
drove like several hundred kilometers
from his home town with a automatic
weapons which of course you can buy at
Walmart because you know America and he
or anything then he opened fire and he’s
like I’m here to rescue the kids okay
there were no kids because there was no
basement because you know he’s an idiot
and now he’s serving five years and what
is he have to say now he’s like well
it’s possible that like my Intel wasn’t
like 100% correct yeah no kidding Welch
luckily no one died right but that
wasn’t the case in 2015 when a young
white male named Dylann storm roof
marched into a black show as an
african-american I don’t know African
American Church in Charleston South
Carolina opened fire he killed nine
people including women including men
possibly some children not sure about
that why’d he do that because for years
he had been convinced that the white
race in America was facing genocide who
was facing genocide against well of
course black people right they breed
like rabbits they commit more crime than
anybody else that’s what he believed why
did he believe that because for four
years he had been immersed in the
far-right blogosphere websites which
actively don’t fake or misleading news
to suit this narrative so it doesn’t
take a single event like tweets again to
trigger someone it can be a slow build
it can be a slow build and when it comes
to the right way the extreme right wing
you note that extreme light and fake
news goes together like Hawaiian phony
like malaria and mosquito
because it is it is a virus and will be
coming back to that Europe has seen a
plethora of fake news coming up
ironically somehow always right before
an election in which the right-wing
stands to gain I wonder why that is
right take this picture for example this
is a montage sixteen images okay
this originated in Germany and then it
went Italy Netherlands Greece England
France the AH blah blah this uh there’s
no caption here so I’ll just explain
this was made and it was caption that
these are white European victims of
migrants and refugees most of the fake
news in Europe which caters to the right
wing paints migrants as criminals about
70 percent of these fake news reports
were about migrants being criminals none
of them is verified none of them are
true
in fact this these images of all of
these women none of them are even from
Germany some are from the UK some are
from the u.s. some are victims of
domestic abuse some are victims of
police abuse some of them are in fact
actors wearing stage makeup and this guy
over here and I say guy isn’t even a
woman at all that’s a man okay but
people believe it people believe it and
then they act upon it why do they do
that we’ll talk about that later now
okay it’s not always about malice it’s
not always about a political agenda
sometimes it’s just the possibly the
most dangerous combination in human
history which is stupidity in arrogance
you put those together and you have a
disaster every time so I’m going to come
to Pakistan now i’ma tell you about
yeah after telethon now read this
headline the CIA assassinated the
Pakistan’s first prime minister lucky’
documents I mean denne denne check check
what I’ve seen right so where did this
come now all of a sudden a couple years
ago this is from last year but this game
like two years ago a bunch of news
channels a bunch of dogs a bunch of
newspapers behind this story nice edit
and I’m like my god I mean how is it
that no one else has ever heard about
this and you know XYZ news operating on
at each other he knows the document
exists right so I said the story which
is really the first thing you have to do
you have to read the story right and it
said that the u.s. state
apartment had released a document called
about the assassination of the Agatha
Lathon so I actually what do you do in
that kind of a situation
um you google the US State Department to
go to its website you find the document
the document very much exists right
except that it is a telegram sent at the
time of the assassination from the US
Embassy in New Delhi to the US State
Department in which they basically
reproduced a local column written in an
or dunya magazine in which the author
was alleging that the US had killed Lia
Patel aha
how many we just read like the first
line and they were like dude this is it
okay um it wasn’t it now here’s where a
little common sense comes in handy right
that wasn’t the case even funnier
example is this one Chinese cross-border
rocket attack kills 158 Indian soldiers
right this also ran as breaking news now
along you see here the trick about lying
right and you can use this in your life
if you need to the best lies have to
contain an element of the truth right
it’s like you know when you give a kid a
candy to make sure his like cough syrup
goes down better it’s it’s easier to
believe where this news come from why
did Pakistani channels run it there is
some news to it Chinese troops did
conduct a live-fire exercise in near the
Tibet border and that was televised on
Chinese TV right that I’d made it to
Pakistani whatsapp with the message
saying 158 pockets Indian soldiers I had
been killed we so desperately wanted
that to be true that everybody ran it
again had they suffered the biggest
wartime casualty loss after 1971 I
assure you it would be front-page news
everywhere but it wasn’t and we went for
it and we swallowed it because there’s
another rule of thumb the more volatile
situation and this news game when the
China and India were engaged in a
standoff at Dhokla if you guys remember
that so it seemed plausible anytime you
have a crisis situation fake news
proliferate and there’s no bigger crisis
then say Syria right now right the
Syrian civil war how many of you have
seen this picture like a lot of people
this went viral okay and what was the
caption in it the caption was a young
boy sleeping with his parents hashtag
Syria
I mean it’s tragic look at that you know
I mean I saw this and I was like my god
this is this is truly horrible it would
have been really horrible there’s stuff
like this going on in Syria but this
picture is not accurate right why not
because this picture was actually taken
it was part of a saudi photographers art
project
this is his nephew and those are just
piles of stone and this is not in Syria
this is in Saudi Arabia but it’s spread
everywhere
it took a Norwegian journalist to track
down the guy and interview him
oh sorry we’ve skipped a slide there’s a
third picture here of the kid going like
this so you can just imagine that he
tracked him down he asked him did you do
this and he was like no it was an art
project now here’s the crazy part okay I
loathe a B who’s the guy whose
photographer who took this actually
approach the first person on Twitter who
was posting it with this caption and he
said listen I’m the guy who took the
picture and he’s like yeah but you are
so famous now why don’t you just say it
from Syria odd you know so the guy was
like but no it’s not from Syria he’s
like yeah but just go ahead I mean
what’s the big deal this sort of stuff
does happen in Syria right yeah it does
but this didn’t um here’s another
picture that you guys may have seen
anybody seen this one anybody seen this
one anybody know where it’s from that’s
from the APS attack anyone else Peshawar
that’s the consensus wrong it’s not okay
it’s not it’s not like tell you how do I
know I mean did I like you know travel
to APs did I check the office no no no
no it took me like as much time as it
takes for me to click this back and
click this forward how you take this
picture you use tech right you go on as
a verse image search website you go to a
place like 10:00 I okay that’s te n ey e
you guys might want to check it out you
upload this and you’ll find out where’s
this form it’s not APs it’s not Syria
it’s not Lebanon this is from Israel
it’s from an Israeli city called
Ashkelon which of a child who was a
victim of a socket attack and it dates
to I believe 2008 now this is one
occasion in which tech can come to your
help right but it doesn’t always do that
if you take the same picture and you the
work and you search it say on Google
diverse images you will get the latest
result first and the latest result will
tell you army public schools right no I
am a public school so tech can fail you
you have to move beyond it if you were
to say to her this on the worst search
in Google you would have to keep
clicking
nikoline clicking clicking reading
reading reading and finally you might
actually arrive at the actual source but
that takes time and let’s face face it
like most of us don’t even read beyond
the headlines anymore and that is where
fake news wins so what do you do if fake
news is a virus maybe the best way to
deal with it
is with a vaccine and in this case what
would that be it wouldn’t be like some
kind of injection you’re taking you
would have to inoculate yourself with
actual information you will have to be
incredibly skeptical and don’t be afraid
to just keep asking people there really
that’s great you ever ready to get that
from don’t be afraid of being that of
like annoying your uncle on whatsapp
when he posts things like you know this
Chinese man had food and then he had
water after that my stomach exploded you
know a stuffer Allah you’d be like no
uncle I I don’t think that that’s really
possible you know people will hate you
for it make no mistake about it people
will hate you for it because um we are
hard-wired to believe you see that’s
that’s our nature
I mean we’ve reached the point where we
had a sitting minister in the last
government teton Israel with nuclear war
over the fake news story this actually
happened a guy named names right now we
believe because we’re hardwired to
believe right and I mean that quite
literally when you see a piece of
information or a piece of news that
supports your belief that seems like
familiar you literally get high off of
it because your brain sends a shot of
dopamine to you you feel good you feel
acknowledged and when you see that gee
I’m not the only one who believes that
you know there’s a satanic living and
the basement of a pizza parlor it
creates the illusion of them sensors
there are old-fashioned ways of doing
this if you see a never trust a story
which doesn’t come without a link if you
see a link search up the website search
up the author now here’s the problem
even if you do all of this you’re still
most likely going to lose because it’s
not enough for it’s for the people who
spread fake news they don’t just have to
convince you it’s enough to just confuse
you all they have to do is muddy the
waters and even if you think that
something is factual you will they will
create enough doubt in you that you will
take a step back and you will not
believe it
also you’re up against literally a man
you’re not just up against a biology
you’re up against a billion-dollar
industry right you have States paying
fake news you have very wealthy lobbies
very wealthy pressure groups and also
you have people making ridiculous
amounts of profit from this you are up
against confirmation bias which is our
instinctive need to believe something
that we so desperately want to be true
the hardest thing you can ever do in
this life is to check your biases
finally I’m just going to tell you one
thing if you ever get what’s apt a
screenshot of a story maybe it looks
something like this right
yeah I don’t don’t don’t buy it don’t
buy it
okay this didn’t actually happen but for
a friend of mine made this as a joke and
literally till today I’m responding to
people saying sir Mubarak bozo take a
look at this it got me thinking about my
full-time employees and their ability to
survive on $8 an hour in New York City
and foremost in all of our minds has
been the loss and the grief felt by the
people who are land
most of us don’t get our health care
through the marketplace together through
our job or through Medicare or Medicare
now what you should know is that thanks
to the Affordable Care Act your coverage
is better today than it was before
women can get free checkups in another
four or five years you’re actually going
to have video that a video software that
can make anybody say anything you want
you think it’s bad enough with Photoshop
and and and bad headlines
the apocalypse is coming ladies and
gentlemen that’s all thank you very much
for your time [Music]
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