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Changing the Narrative – A New Pathway for the Pacific | Lagi Toribau | TEDxSuva


[Applause]
imagine a world where the Pacific Ocean
is an independent state in its own right
it’s an economy in its own right a
natural oceans power that utilizes and
uses its traditional science while apt
at modern science an economy that
thrives for the long-term and not for
short-term economic gain a superpower
that embraces sustainability equity
while putting its people first a
champion for cultural and traditional
practices and values a defender for
basic human rights yet is not driven or
scared by the in justices of the
developed world more money ladies and
gentlemen for far too long we in the
Pacific and particularly as Pacific
Islanders we have been led to believe
that we are small we’re from tiny
islands we are less developed with
somewhat lazy yet we long for the facets
of the developed society whether we have
one or two cars we have a beautiful big
house whether it’s money whether we have
more than two credit cards that you end
up paying for the rest of your life how
have we become so obsessed with this
idea why have we as Pacific Islanders
become so obsessed with this idea of
materialistic dependency where did we go
where did we go wrong
but then again I tend to wonder and when
we look at the more developed world
they’re on the opposite side they’re
starting to long for a more simple way
of living a simple lifestyle they come
to our tourism sectors booming they come
and enjoy our white beautiful sandy
beaches the exotic smile that we are
known for in the Pacific the rich and
the fresh food that we get from our
season our forests social change and
development to me is at the u-turn the
developed society or the developed world
they reach a tipping point where they
long for what we have in the developing
world some may argue that it’s probably
because of the in justices or the
looming threat of climate change that is
upon all of us and where society has
been forced to relook at history and
where it went wrong perhaps during the
industrialization era some may claim
that we’ve probably pushed our
environmental boundaries to its Brinks
whether it is our oceans our forests our
climate or our reach biodiversity area
some skeptics might even say that it is
because of the few powerful elites those
big corporations those big governments
that have led us down the wrong path way
of history and they still continue to
dominate the world it might very well be
that all of this rationale and reasons
are valid in its own right but
there’s one thing that I’m very sure of
and there’s a colluding factor and that
is the need for us whether we’re in the
developed world or in the developing
world we need to change the way that we
currently do business current status quo
is not sustainable it’s not saving our
interest it’s not saving the interests
of the developed world we need to change
the way that we treat our climate and
the planet that we live on
we need to reassess our relationship to
our natural environment and this is
where we come in a specific island is is
if anyone else we can connect to our
natural environment quicker than anyone
else but before I get into that I just
want to address this fundamental
question that keeps on coming up and in
my previous profession I used to travel
to to Europe and and Asia quite often
and trying to explain where Fiji is was
always a nightmare where I’m coming in
by plane or by boat
and the only geographical compass that I
can put is Australia everyone knows
Australia obviously and the easiest way
that I experienced will feature is only
three to four flight away from Michelle
and immediately in people’s minds like
so you’re part of Australia
so how how small are we when we hardly
appear on world maps let me give you a
few example so Fiji Fiji has a landmass
of a little over eighteen thousand three
hundred square kilometers with our
population of just under nine hundred
thousand get our ocean waters yeah or
more formally known as our economic
exclusive zone is about 1.2 million
square kilometres of ocean that’s almost
the size of South Africa when we go when
we look at our brothers and sisters in
kiri bus yeah they have they have a
landmass of about 800 square kilometers
yet the ocean waters is about 3.5
million square kilometers of ocean you
take the whole continental USA you put
it inside Peary bus it doesn’t even fit
Cook Islands they have an ocean water of
about 1.8 million square kilometers of
ocean that is almost the size of
Indonesia our friendly North Palau which
is one of my favourite countries I call
a second home they are they have one of
the smaller smaller national waters in
comparison to the rest of the Pacific
Island countries their national audience
is around 600,000 square kilometers of
ocean smaller to us but that’s almost a
size of France
the Pacific Ocean commands a third of
the world’s surface collectively we in
the Pacific we own over and can claim
over a hundred million square kilometers
of ocean making us the single the
biggest and the most powerful ocean
oceanic continent in the world if anyone
were to ask me are you small no I’m big
I’m goddamn big so I suggest that we
start changing our narrative we start
prepositioning ourselves as maybe small
islands but we are large ocean States
are you convinced great alright so now
let’s talk some business
so our ocean is our single greatest
asset in the Pacific it’s deteriorating
and it’s depreciating in its value let’s
look at the let’s look at the the tuna
fishery sector so more than half of the
world’s tuna supply comes from here the
Indian Ocean the Atlantic the eastern
Pacific they’ve completely over
exploited the ocean resources that now
the Pacific is the last remaining tuna
fisheries that’s why you see a lot of
boats sitting in the silver harbor there
was a great influx of foreign fishing
vessels coming from all parts of the
world to come in plunder our last
remaining tuna resources
this industry is worth roughly about
five to seven billion dollars annually
most of the fishing majority of the
fishing is done by our distant water
fishing partners most of the processing
is done offshore so not only do they
come into our house come into our waters
fish our fish they take it with them
it’s quite rare to hold them accountable
to a lot of their destructive fishing
practices and they take majority of the
profit with them the ways the justice in
that if we look at the the deep-sea
mineral sector our ocean seafloor is one
of our most pristine it’s still largely
under exploited we still have a lot to
learn and understand about what’s in our
seafloor and right now the the via the
approach that the Pacific has been taken
is to try and understand what rich
minerals and resources that we have on
our seafloor and this is again done by
our foreign partners we have countries
like Fiji Tonga Solomon Islands that
have issued exploration licenses to our
foreign partners to try and understand
but also to hopefully assess the value
of the rich mineral resources that we
have at the bottom of our sea floor
belongs to us we also have Papua New
Guinea which is one of the only
countries in the Pacific actually that
has given licence to the extraction of
deep sea minerals to a Canadian company
if we look at the climate change sector
the Pacific if I get my facts right we
contribute only 0.03 percent of global
carbon emission Yam so what that
actually means is if we were to stop all
of our climate induced activities it’s
it’s a small dent the whole
climate sector yet the biggest culprits
I call the culprits are the big polluter
countries China the US India Russia
Australia is one of the biggest coal
exporter India these are the very same
countries these are the very same
development partners that we that we
allow to come into our waters dictating
under their own rules they give us money
for adaptation to help us adapt to this
changing environment that we are led to
believe that we have no control over and
yet
the fate of our future now Islands rests
in their hands we get into a marriage
now form partners we go through a very
beautiful honeymoon period involves a
lot of money and this cheating or like
my friend my taboos for Manila would
Paulo say Tomba and then we instructed
to go through counseling in most
instance instances we are always at the
losing end we come out of it not gaining
anything and a lot of this is because we
underestimate our value we do not punch
above our weight we don’t reposition
that we are not small we are not
dependent on your resources you depend
on our resources so you want to hear my
big idea I’m just getting started so
this is my big idea the Pacific Ocean as
an independent state in its own right
that is governed and led by Pacific
people in their own way and in its own
pace and under its own rules this
independent state will be the wealthiest
economy in the world it’s not going to
be led by greed but will be driven by
long-term prosperity future livelihood
and traditional practices and norms
equitable sharing mechanisms and a
sustainable methods of practices and
harvesting you like my big idea all
right well with this big idea you kind
of have to help to make sure that you
have the proper assets and the strategy
to be able to pull this off and yes we
have the assets to pull this off we have
the commodity to trade and we have the
political capital to punch above our
weight and be recognized by the
international community so let’s look at
some of the few assets that we have in
the Pacific that could be turned into
commodity to try and make this economy
work let’s look at the energy sector one
of the current and the biggest debate
that we’re having particularly in the
environmental sector is to try and find
an alternative to the fossil fuel
dependency that the world been stuck in
for decades the Pacific we are well
positioned for this we have water we
have wind we have land and we have
endless supply of the Sun what all do
you need what else do you need these are
just some of the examples that I thought
was worth noting we have geothermal and
hydro resources potential particularly
in in our Melanesian countries Fiji
Papua New Guinea Vanuatu and Solomon
Islands have the potential to put in
place geothermal or hydro projects
renewable energy sources this this can
be put in place anywhere really across
the Pacific we can put in place wind
turbines whether on land or at sea we
have solar um and there has been a lot
of studies and initiatives that has been
put into looking at the potential and
the viability for this in the pacific
most of the work has been done on this
we just need to make sure that we pick
it up and we make it happen coconut
there’s a potential for us to utilize
the beautiful coconut trees and the
out of coconuts and booze that we have
then in coconut oil for biofuels and
this can even be a thriving thing for
adults and coral at coral islands and
not only on on large amass countries the
oil and gas sector this is not a new
industry for us the island gets acted
they as as way back in the 1970s was
when exploration started coming into the
Pacific this is not something that we
are new in and I just want to highlight
two specific examples to be able to
hopefully bring the message back home
about the potential of this but also the
importance of how we should manage this
properly
PNG government have modeled their oil
and gas industry as a model for
development for them in 2015 PNG is
total mineral export was estimated to be
around 1.6 billion dollars in value yet
the revenue that the government got from
that year was only 8 million only five
zero point five percent of what they
were rightfully owned in another extreme
example Norway who has got a was had a
lot of history in the oil and gas sector
they completely redesigned their
development strategy they reinvested oil
and gas that that ended up having the
profit that was worth over eight hundred
and ninety billion dollars that
technically makes every Norwegian a
millionaire it can happen
deep sea minerals valuable rocks and
metals that we have we have nodules
cobalt rich crust and sulfide deposits
with high grades of zinc copper silver
gold lead and rare earth and some of the
exploration activity that has been done
has already also documented some of
these potentials that we have in the
Pacific marine genetic resources
this is one of these new things this new
emerging industry in globally and look
and this is also at the bottom of our
sea floor and there’s been interest that
we’ve also noticed that are coming
through the Pacific in in trying to get
access to this and at the moment a lot
of this is still stuck at technology
level
who’s got the technology who has the
ability to go down
who has the signs and of course the
Pacific Island countries can’t outbid
that um so we still stuck on our
dependency on on our foreign partners a
number interactive resources is so
critical it’s so fundamental to
pharmaceutical the medical industry our
cosmetic and even the food industry
marine tourism I think we this is one of
our more comfort zone that we normally
look at how the value of our ocean
resources you think we’re watching
diving sports fishing in a recent report
that I read by mag bio it put an
estimated value of Fiji alone Fiji’s
marine tourism of up to 1.15 billion
dollars annually and they did all the
analysis on all the assessment the shock
tourism sector loan could be worth up to
eight to six million dollars I think we
all we’ve all seen the thriving Tong and
whale watching industry and this is one
of the models that is being replicated
in the region including Palau one of the
assessment that I read stated that a
single humpback whale returning every
year to Tonga could generate up to us 1
million dollars that’s just one humpback
we also have other whales that
constitute the Pacific Ocean just don’t
know
in the other reports that I’ve seen
whales and dolphins watching in a
six-year period jumped from a value of
us 500 thousand to more than 7.5 million
that spend a lot of their money and time
coming to watch the whale watching in
the Pacific they spending directly on
average about twenty-one million dollars
a year and this is throughout the region
so marine tourism as much as we already
in it there’s a higher potential
shipping lanes and telecommunication
cables over half of the world’s
commercial shipping happens across the
Asia Pacific waters yeah it makes us
quite an important geographical space
for trading we are naturally a player in
it the telecommunication with the use of
cables that they put on now seafloor if
we want to we can treat this as an
economy as well look at how the control
of air space if we want to we can
control this and they need us they need
to come through us and they need to
access our waters my favorite topic
climate change as an economy at the
moment the current mindset is that we
are waiting on the more developed world
for them to change their mentality
change their business model to try and
deliver us away from this predicament
that we’re stuck in on the impacts of
climate change but if we flip that
around and if we try and take control of
the climate sector the role that we can
play as the Pacific as a Pacific Ocean
is that we can be the Redeemer of their
sins with all of their
is carbon up in the atmosphere we have
the capability to be able to store it
here we can sync it to our ocean we can
trade it use it as offset using our
force now land our mangroves and our sea
grass are thriving and it is a natural
important player in the climate sector
if we want we don’t have to wait for
China you we don’t have to wait for
India we don’t have to wait for Trump we
can and I’m very very helped by thankful
that Fiji is tearing the pot meeting
this year and this is the me perhaps an
important opportunity for us to start
echoing this this change in narrative
that we are small we’re not going to
wait for you there’s a lot at stake for
us so the wheel is turning whether we
like it or not but we have the ability
to be able to force the wheel to turn
faster we should not be dependent
anymore we should not be reliant we
should not be told what to do we should
not be made be made to believe that just
because they have the resources just
because they have the technology just
because they send us consultants every
time something is going wrong that we
have to that we have to go down that
road let’s put them let’s put our foot
down let’s make a change let’s decide
our own fate can it happen well thank
you I will leave you with that wanaka
Valley
you
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