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Are our Kids Safe from Earthquakes? | Dr. Kit Miyamoto | TEDxCSUS


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past ten years we lost 750,000 people
750,000 people by earthquakes it is
actually much more than the combined the
hurricane death to the flood and drought
and everything combined it’s the most
lethal weapon that they actually and so
that’s our job to actually see it that
what what happened out there and how we
can actually the reduce this risk now
this picture here is a taking from
Mexico City which we had earthquake in
September we lost almost 400 people the
earthquake had destroyed about 44
buildings and damaged 3,000 to 4,000
buildings up there and here’s a picture
of it you’re gonna see that this is the
old concrete structure and this is
you’re gonna see that down the column
said buckling there and started cracking
it and here’s collapse that’s how the
building collapse that’s how the old
concrete building collapse and here this
building you saw it it’s a ground floor
collapse in there their reasons what we
go soft story which means like at Ojai
lobby area that’s make a really weak
that’s where the toward the started
collapsing like that so in the Mexico
any buildings built prior to 1985 it’s
actually pretty dangerous because they
had an earthquake in 1985 and a building
code changed quite a bit before that it
was very dangerous and this is one of
our buildings we went in so as the
California seismic safety commissioner
my mission was to first assess the city
what happened to it but the same time
the mandate is assist the public if
there’s a needs so this one site the
engineers in the Mexican government
asked us to assist technically and
because what happening here is the dis
building collapse it was like this used
to be a eight story building now down to
become a two-story and you can kind of
see the lay of a concrete that’s used to
be a floor now so this is a built before
1985 so it’s a known dr. concrete
structures that’s why it’s collapse like
that and here it’s a really fragile
state and
the plasma aftershocks going on at the
time there’s of a hundred rescue workers
looking this building to reach to the
missing people
this building is self killed about 50
people and when I got there still 20
people are missing and here’s D I met
the engineer chief engineer on the site
his name was Jesus oh yes it’s fantastic
fella he’s amazing
such an expert such a bravery and it’s
he’s doing this 100% volunteer effort
and he’s taking a lot of risk out there
for himself to to get the bodies I asked
essentially because what the family is
still waiting you know there’s always a
hope so this how he actually engineered
to take the building off from top you
can see get the crane like a little
chain coming off that’s the support my
Korean top there and I just cut in a
pieces and I removed from the top and
you see in a back that this building
there’s still stairs that stairs does
used to be serving this building so you
can see the building kind of went down
there and I met that many people
actually save their lives just running
away from this building use the stairs
down to the ground actually now let’s go
to the Citroen chai and there’s a
pictures I took so there is magnitude 9
earthquake happened in 2008 in China it
was just bad one
many schools collapsed the picture you
seen here is one of a high school whole
bunch you look are coming back great
spaghetti almost like you know flow can
it’s hanging out that’s a floor used to
be you know this go along 3,000 students
a bit and I was there like one week
after and as a structure engineer my
really uh mission suddenly become the
helping the rescue worker to get the
bodies out I have a small kids too you
know they’re they’re just like my kids
you know it doesn’t make sense to me
that schools become like that the family
members actually try to find the
belongings from from the kids who is
missing or dead schools why it’s so
dangerous what that reason is the
you can kind of see kind of picture at
the classrooms lodge a lot of window so
architecture kind of make a little weak
you know things going on that usually
kind of built pretty rapidly by the
public walks now this the only China
issue by the way in Nepal earthquake in
2015
seventeen thousand schools are collapsed
fortunately the earthquake happened
Saturday so therefore no students were
there I mean that would be tragic right
and this earthquake said Sean earthquake
was to happen in a Monday afternoon so
that’s why I just so bad California too
we have also a lot of dangerous schools
by the way believe it or not those
schools were built 1940s 50s 60s they’re
not safe and we know those that we have
actually list of those schools which
need to be strengthening go to the
Oregon Washington we have a schools made
of unreinforced masonry bricks you know
how dangerous those things are these
buildings those old concrete buildings
and those unreinforced masonry buildings
they’re essentially what I call death
box that’s what it is and our kids in
there let’s go to the New Zealand
Christchurch this is a picture taken
2010 right before the earthquake
actually it was a vibrant city of about
400,000 people it’s a beautiful town
just just heritage buildings its modern
city right after earthquake of a 6.3
2011 it become a look like this
they lost about 2,000 buildings out
about 2,400 buildings why is that you
can imagine maybe a place like a really
in a remote area but in power in the
schools could be or buildings can be
dangerous by New Zealand why they bad
are they get bad engineers bad
contractors no they’re actually really
good
there are Building Code their technology
and their engineers their engine is
probably one of the best in a whole
world
maybe besides the you know Japanese
engineers could a little bit of a bit
but besides that yeah they’re good why
is that because the building code is
there’s a myth myth is building codes
provide you the earthquake proof
building that’s right if you’re gonna
hire a guy like me and say hey design to
some building and it’s a new big
high-rise building you just think it’s a
let’s get proof
uh-uh it’s not like that look this
building here it’s kinked a little bit
tilted a little bit what happened at the
lemon level three columns raptured and
when the raptured is whole things tilted
no one died are you going to fix
building like this so they have to take
it down so building code can provide a
what we call minimum life safety
protection but it cannot provide the
functionality after the major earthquake
so it’s a big deal here’s a picture in
LA we have the EMT international company
has office and then one of a high-rise
buildings here 51st level it’s beautiful
space by if the earthquake happens you
know what’s going to happen it’s gonna
swing swing swing so a lot is probably
not gonna collapse but most likely it’s
gonna be like look like this cannot
occupy the building so for our case yes
big earthquake in LA or San Francisco
we’re gonna probably lose a few
thousands people there’s no question
about it because we’ve got a whole bunch
of old concrete buildings up there but
also the economical impact is a
tremendous because there’s no place to
work or live you know we have to somehow
fix them I forget does have any story
building is doing this it’d be very
difficult to fix them it really has to
be that way
I said no actually the we have a
technology can address those issues so
yeah building codes there but what we
can do is we can do high-performance
earthquake engineering now this building
is the theme building in LAX that’s one
of the most beautiful if you see an
airport in the world and this is the
concrete structure built 1950s and it’s
seismically dangerous so what we did
there is we at this chunk of steel it’s
about four feet thick we’ll still end up
to about thirty feet diameter and we put
that on top of what we call Isolators
it’s essentially roller so what happen
is the earthquake starts shaking at this
big mass go in opposite direction in act
as a counter weight almost so reduce the
reaction of the building below and it’s
a weight is almost a three Boeing 747
and songs of crazy things to do rap
it’s actually works so it’s a you know
there’s things like that you can do so
you don’t have to interrupt the business
or anything like that to do things like
that and here’s a Sacramento California
this is a building a built in 1970s this
one of those death boxes I call to all
don’t dr. concrete structures but there
with some damping devices like that what
it is is a shock absorber and if you see
your car you get the spring that’s what
it is essentially so when you put it in
take a look man this beautiful thing
actually the purple things the dampers
you’re gonna saw earthquake start
shaking start shaking the simulation of
it then before and after picture you
looking at so this before picture it’s
not going to happen like this because
it’s going to collapse but you can see
that the movement is much less after you
put dampers you see it’s beautiful thing
you know structure engineering can be
very sexy that’s what you’re looking
here season one of most less safest
place you know out there here’s a
takeaway for you one the building code
just following a building code he’s just
not good enough you’re gonna spend I
don’t know three hundred thousand
dollars million dollars to buy get the
condo apartment I think your assets to
be protected you know and to the order
concrete buildings we have a thousand of
these in California and the West Coast
and everywhere
those are unbelievably dangers we get to
something about them and three to make
this thing safer in a much more
resilient is not expensive as what seems
I’m telling you three to five percent
more cost you can make about much much
better building now last one school
buildings that’s so dangerous we get to
something about it so couple years ago
we formed a nonprofit organization
called Miyamoto global disaster relief
and it’s organizations of focus on make
it safe for the schools we worked in the
schools in Haiti and Nepal and in many
other places come I think you can be
part of a solution to doing this join us
this movement to make it thing safer out
there it’s not that difficult as seems
that’s it thank you very much
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