one day I was asked a riddle
and I ‘m going to ask you today I
click this sheet of paper in half
Once, twice, three times
the thickness of the bend must now
do something like your mm
what would have been the fishermen
to bend age if I was going to bend this
sheet of paper in 2 42 x 1 cm 10 cm 1
m
listen to your intuition take three
seconds to think about it
and well if I had to fold this sheet of
paper in 42 times its thickness
would have exceeded the distance between the
earth and the moon and I give you this
example to show you how much
the human brain is not made for
estimate exponential growth
growth in r okay
how much is 2 + 2 42 x 84 by cons
exponential growths
how much are twice 2 42 x 4 thousand
billion
and that’s what keeps us from
understand it naturally some
great changes our era like the
growth of innovative companies
today so you know it’s pretty
risky to start a talk while betting
exponential I mean by that one blow
to the dies alone there is his microphone in
an empty room
I am honestly aware of all these
stuff we learned at school is
exponential thalles theorem of
pythagore
it’s nice like a gastro we did not
only one wish it stops
seriously three quarters of things
we learned at school do not serve us
never for nothing just take the
thals theorem that already reuse
the thalles theorem since he has
left school raise the hand
that’s all it says he had made me
suffer the thalles theorem I
I was first when I was a college student
one day I’d do it publicly
these facts gives
but this says to my surprise the
exponential they come back to taste
of the day at least in entrepreneurship
have you ever wondered why
five largest companies in the world
was under 50 years old this is apple
google microsoft amazon facebook
and well today we are going
discover together why
technology companies are starting to
to grow as fast is reached of such
valuation starting with an example
the madonna mylenium tour in 2008
Nothing so offends you everyone
Take some pictures
it’s normal we understand them but this
not say a single smartphone and for good reason
the first smartphone iphone has been
marketed less than a year ago
and ten years after those two billion
people who use daily
a smartphone and that’s a speed of
typical business growth
today I am passionate for this
subject seven years ago I was a researcher
I loved it and I did it all because
that do not move forward finally if it advances and
in a linear way the career
academic
you know where your office will be 20
years personally the greatest
anguish
so I swing everything to go
create me into entrepreneurship
try to taste a little seduced
exponential this life full of
surprises and I was serving mostly in
terms of surprise by the way
will come back maybe I created a
business a little special a mix between
a private research laboratory and
a nursery company since 2011
his creation we created a small
dozen innovative companies in
biotechnologies in France all issues
from our research and people me
often ask why then create
so many companies in France
and well because I am convinced
that a very fast revolution is in
course in the field of
biotechnologies and I would like
this time my country is part of it
not like the previous revolution in
Telecommunications
you know avoid the minitel plane against
Internet
awake because I am also
convinced that miss two revolutions
technology in a row and imagine
we will remain a great power
but for me it’s a bit like a failure
twice his bac and think we’re going
to return to polytechnic it is possible
you have to have faith anyway
France is a country that gave me everything
me as to all my associates I was
really not a brilliant student I was
very dyslexic my mistress wanted
not even make me go sixth
do not count my parents’ heads
anyway
and yet France paid me my
studies until the end of the doctorate
seriously what other country does that
likewise when I created my first
company in 2011 half of
financing and given the French state and
as my grandmother said I loved
a lot
do not spit in the hand that
fed us by necessarily interest in
tell me the ones that do not solve them
this said I find that his point of
view and is full of common sense and suddenly
if I’m here today in front of you
it’s also to tell you that France
is perhaps today the best
country to the world to create a start up
innovative super engineers from
great research lab a
super taxation novations then
again to self censored by the
momentum is perfect for creating a
start up in France and if you have a
doubt or even better a big desire
to undertake and well contacted month on
linkedin or elsewhere write me in iran
chat around a coffee around a
glass of wine
I love my job it’s great
renault to our sheep because he gets
still a funny thing in
entrepreneurship today let’s take
Tesla because a car company
created 14 years ago make
electric cars and that still makes
600 million euros together
and who nevertheless became the year
last in terms of valuation the
biggest car company
american more than ford more than
general motors and its two hundred thousand
people and its 110 years of existence and
this phenomenon is even more intense
in the field of software start-ups
those who make software like me
should for example like us the
remember laurent alexandre who is a
multi entrepreneur who among others
founded doctissimo how is it
possible that the 55 employees customs zap
and was able to create a business in four years
resold 10 7 billion euros
it’s more than xerox and 143 miles
people who work for 110 years
so some people will say that I would
each fort in any case it’s because
finance went crazy so yes
may not be excluded but this says
extremely rich people who invest
and buy back these companies are not
become extremely rich in doing the
bad investments no he must there
to have something and there is some
thing
this something is three revolutions
synergistic that take place during the
last two decades and who have
profoundly changed the speed of
growth of our businesses and the
how we perceive their value
the first evolution and financial
with birth in the 70’s
but especially the huge boom in
90s wines chuck capitalism
huge boom took place with the boom
internet in this case unlike
to the banks that lend you money
when you are an entrepreneur in the
purpose of being paid back a few years
after with interest a venture
capitalists buy shares of
your business parts of your
company in order to resell them
a little later a better price and the
only thing that asks you 1.25
capitalist in return this is a chance
to be able to make a jackpot and some
pioneers of the field had it
if we take the person behind me to
steve jobs side called mike
may recoil 1 he invested in 1976
two hundred and fifty thousand euros in
apple during his IPO
id was born
30 for his business enterprise which
you today 800 billion euros
note that the second digit is near
12 million times bigger than the
first was already playing at some
of you one of the eyes that starts to
shine
you may already imagine being the
third co founder of apple next to
steve jobs and wozniak
what a wonderful cool adventure but
that said did not take its place too
quickly because there was really a
third co founder of apple in
the occurrence his name was ronald wayne
is still called by the way he has
still want but he left
the company a few months before
the arrival of mike markkula from venture
capitalists and resold it the entirety
of his actions 10% of apple for 800
dollars 800 dollars 800 billion
paul this says at least I got my
beloved audience
we can continue before when
the entrepreneur needed money they
were going to see the bank
when I told you the bank ready
money to the entrepreneur whose goal
to be paid back a few years after
with interest to be sure to be
refunded
the bank asks a contractor
recurrent profitability a good
financial strength and in this case of
the entrepreneur and forced to steer his
business strategy on the
short-term profitability and creation
tangible assets such as the purchase of
buildings or my youtube channel what
be it the venture capitalists him
agrees to lose everything when the
chance to hit the jackpot when
he will resell his shares a small
ten years later in this framework it
does not have to make profitability short
term what matters to him is the
size of the business when
resell to his actions in this case
the contractor does not need to
focus on short-term profitability
term he can focus on his
global expansion and its growth to
long term it does not have it is profitable
for that and moreover even in case
opportunity of hypercroissance by
example you need a lot
money to address a new market
just go back to see your
investors find
always capitalist avengers who
agree to put money
in boxes that grow bigger
faster than expected and besides if your
box is financed by venture
capitalists become profitable can
become a very bad news
oddly that may mean that
you no longer have any market
to reinvest your money
it means that your start up has
reached his digit plateau
business we see here as a simple
change in the methods of
funding has profoundly changed the
growth rate of our companies
have allowed them to grow
exponentially without needing
to be profitable but this also
changed the way we perceive
their value no longer based on a
multiple of the profitability of
now
but on the estimated size of
the company a decade
after the second revolution of which I
you spoke the know her all she is
technology
it’s the web then the web brings us
two things first of all the possibility
to test an idea immediately before
even to do r & d with a simple
web page and it changes everything basic and
his developments on facts and not
more assumptions before a
entrepreneur of the least young
entrepreneurs had an idea is good
develop his product nine times out of ten
safari completely the market wanted
no product every time we go up
a box one is persuaded to have a
great idea to a great plan but nothing
never happens as expected at
entrepreneurship you can believe me
and besides this topic I have the quote
which I find illustrate it well of a
American philosopher the second half
of the 20th century
mike tyson who said everyone has a
plan in the head
finally until he takes my fist
in the mouth eh ben that summarizes
extremely well what feels
entrepreneurs at first contact
market at least before the arrival of the web
because today when you are
entrepreneur with you have an idea that
you make a web page and you try
to sell your
then you adapt your offer on
was trying to find the product that was
sells best
more in the end you develop the product
who sold the second best
something that brings us the web
similarly it is the possibility with
a simple web page
once the developed product of
communicate immediately to the
world before when you communicate them
on your product
you have to do TV ads on
compact in the newspapers of campaigns
on the radio it was lens was expensive
it was terribly local it was a
nightmare
today you make a web page and
you can sell our product on
the whole planet and that changed everything from
no longer be limited by the size of his
national market and that said for the
more regular of you will tell me
for that we need a third
revolution
and yes and this third revolution and
geoeconomic it is the globalization of
distribution in less than two decades
the entire chain of
distribution and and globalized if you
take the first company in 2011
my first client was france is my
second client was New Zealander
antipodes
today for example with amazon you
can sell as well from your country
of origin that at the other end of the
planet is completely transparent
and that’s the whole distribution chain
which has been globalized this is the planes
fedex cargo container
questions the oceans does not even talk about
customs simplifications exchange
automatic 2010 free deals
exchange
it has become almost too easy almost
also said but if we can still
note that he is still today
easier to sell on the whole
planet that’s selling in all the
France in the 70s so we got it
seen three revolutions have deeply
changed the speed of growth of our
companies and the way we
perceive their value a revolution
financial 25 capitalism that allows
businesses to grow so
exponential without needing to be
profitable
a technological revolution and
geoeconomic the web and the
globalization the distribution that we
allowing lead from day to
world level and that’s why
still increase the speed of
growth is exponential
I think you understand better
the less I hope now why the
five largest companies in the
planet are all under 50 years old for
a good reason is that the saying game
nothing serves to run you have to go to
point
well it works at all is a
company that grows linearly
for two centuries has no chance
against a company that grows
exponentially for one or two
decades we’ve seen it’s strength
exponential even if you start
with a turnover of 1 euro per
year if you double it every six months
after 25 years you will have a number
billion-dollar business
euros per year more than the global GDP
if you manage to finance a
exponential growth during one or
two decades and capitalist debenture
for example you will be limited by the
size of our planet
so now that you know that everything
is possible that there is strictly
no limit to what an individual can
bring to the world have one or two
decades
what are you going to do we have only one
life as said gandhi be the
change that you want to see in the
world thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
and I ‘m going to ask you today I
click this sheet of paper in half
Once, twice, three times
the thickness of the bend must now
do something like your mm
what would have been the fishermen
to bend age if I was going to bend this
sheet of paper in 2 42 x 1 cm 10 cm 1
m
listen to your intuition take three
seconds to think about it
and well if I had to fold this sheet of
paper in 42 times its thickness
would have exceeded the distance between the
earth and the moon and I give you this
example to show you how much
the human brain is not made for
estimate exponential growth
growth in r okay
how much is 2 + 2 42 x 84 by cons
exponential growths
how much are twice 2 42 x 4 thousand
billion
and that’s what keeps us from
understand it naturally some
great changes our era like the
growth of innovative companies
today so you know it’s pretty
risky to start a talk while betting
exponential I mean by that one blow
to the dies alone there is his microphone in
an empty room
I am honestly aware of all these
stuff we learned at school is
exponential thalles theorem of
pythagore
it’s nice like a gastro we did not
only one wish it stops
seriously three quarters of things
we learned at school do not serve us
never for nothing just take the
thals theorem that already reuse
the thalles theorem since he has
left school raise the hand
that’s all it says he had made me
suffer the thalles theorem I
I was first when I was a college student
one day I’d do it publicly
these facts gives
but this says to my surprise the
exponential they come back to taste
of the day at least in entrepreneurship
have you ever wondered why
five largest companies in the world
was under 50 years old this is apple
google microsoft amazon facebook
and well today we are going
discover together why
technology companies are starting to
to grow as fast is reached of such
valuation starting with an example
the madonna mylenium tour in 2008
Nothing so offends you everyone
Take some pictures
it’s normal we understand them but this
not say a single smartphone and for good reason
the first smartphone iphone has been
marketed less than a year ago
and ten years after those two billion
people who use daily
a smartphone and that’s a speed of
typical business growth
today I am passionate for this
subject seven years ago I was a researcher
I loved it and I did it all because
that do not move forward finally if it advances and
in a linear way the career
academic
you know where your office will be 20
years personally the greatest
anguish
so I swing everything to go
create me into entrepreneurship
try to taste a little seduced
exponential this life full of
surprises and I was serving mostly in
terms of surprise by the way
will come back maybe I created a
business a little special a mix between
a private research laboratory and
a nursery company since 2011
his creation we created a small
dozen innovative companies in
biotechnologies in France all issues
from our research and people me
often ask why then create
so many companies in France
and well because I am convinced
that a very fast revolution is in
course in the field of
biotechnologies and I would like
this time my country is part of it
not like the previous revolution in
Telecommunications
you know avoid the minitel plane against
Internet
awake because I am also
convinced that miss two revolutions
technology in a row and imagine
we will remain a great power
but for me it’s a bit like a failure
twice his bac and think we’re going
to return to polytechnic it is possible
you have to have faith anyway
France is a country that gave me everything
me as to all my associates I was
really not a brilliant student I was
very dyslexic my mistress wanted
not even make me go sixth
do not count my parents’ heads
anyway
and yet France paid me my
studies until the end of the doctorate
seriously what other country does that
likewise when I created my first
company in 2011 half of
financing and given the French state and
as my grandmother said I loved
a lot
do not spit in the hand that
fed us by necessarily interest in
tell me the ones that do not solve them
this said I find that his point of
view and is full of common sense and suddenly
if I’m here today in front of you
it’s also to tell you that France
is perhaps today the best
country to the world to create a start up
innovative super engineers from
great research lab a
super taxation novations then
again to self censored by the
momentum is perfect for creating a
start up in France and if you have a
doubt or even better a big desire
to undertake and well contacted month on
linkedin or elsewhere write me in iran
chat around a coffee around a
glass of wine
I love my job it’s great
renault to our sheep because he gets
still a funny thing in
entrepreneurship today let’s take
Tesla because a car company
created 14 years ago make
electric cars and that still makes
600 million euros together
and who nevertheless became the year
last in terms of valuation the
biggest car company
american more than ford more than
general motors and its two hundred thousand
people and its 110 years of existence and
this phenomenon is even more intense
in the field of software start-ups
those who make software like me
should for example like us the
remember laurent alexandre who is a
multi entrepreneur who among others
founded doctissimo how is it
possible that the 55 employees customs zap
and was able to create a business in four years
resold 10 7 billion euros
it’s more than xerox and 143 miles
people who work for 110 years
so some people will say that I would
each fort in any case it’s because
finance went crazy so yes
may not be excluded but this says
extremely rich people who invest
and buy back these companies are not
become extremely rich in doing the
bad investments no he must there
to have something and there is some
thing
this something is three revolutions
synergistic that take place during the
last two decades and who have
profoundly changed the speed of
growth of our businesses and the
how we perceive their value
the first evolution and financial
with birth in the 70’s
but especially the huge boom in
90s wines chuck capitalism
huge boom took place with the boom
internet in this case unlike
to the banks that lend you money
when you are an entrepreneur in the
purpose of being paid back a few years
after with interest a venture
capitalists buy shares of
your business parts of your
company in order to resell them
a little later a better price and the
only thing that asks you 1.25
capitalist in return this is a chance
to be able to make a jackpot and some
pioneers of the field had it
if we take the person behind me to
steve jobs side called mike
may recoil 1 he invested in 1976
two hundred and fifty thousand euros in
apple during his IPO
id was born
30 for his business enterprise which
you today 800 billion euros
note that the second digit is near
12 million times bigger than the
first was already playing at some
of you one of the eyes that starts to
shine
you may already imagine being the
third co founder of apple next to
steve jobs and wozniak
what a wonderful cool adventure but
that said did not take its place too
quickly because there was really a
third co founder of apple in
the occurrence his name was ronald wayne
is still called by the way he has
still want but he left
the company a few months before
the arrival of mike markkula from venture
capitalists and resold it the entirety
of his actions 10% of apple for 800
dollars 800 dollars 800 billion
paul this says at least I got my
beloved audience
we can continue before when
the entrepreneur needed money they
were going to see the bank
when I told you the bank ready
money to the entrepreneur whose goal
to be paid back a few years after
with interest to be sure to be
refunded
the bank asks a contractor
recurrent profitability a good
financial strength and in this case of
the entrepreneur and forced to steer his
business strategy on the
short-term profitability and creation
tangible assets such as the purchase of
buildings or my youtube channel what
be it the venture capitalists him
agrees to lose everything when the
chance to hit the jackpot when
he will resell his shares a small
ten years later in this framework it
does not have to make profitability short
term what matters to him is the
size of the business when
resell to his actions in this case
the contractor does not need to
focus on short-term profitability
term he can focus on his
global expansion and its growth to
long term it does not have it is profitable
for that and moreover even in case
opportunity of hypercroissance by
example you need a lot
money to address a new market
just go back to see your
investors find
always capitalist avengers who
agree to put money
in boxes that grow bigger
faster than expected and besides if your
box is financed by venture
capitalists become profitable can
become a very bad news
oddly that may mean that
you no longer have any market
to reinvest your money
it means that your start up has
reached his digit plateau
business we see here as a simple
change in the methods of
funding has profoundly changed the
growth rate of our companies
have allowed them to grow
exponentially without needing
to be profitable but this also
changed the way we perceive
their value no longer based on a
multiple of the profitability of
now
but on the estimated size of
the company a decade
after the second revolution of which I
you spoke the know her all she is
technology
it’s the web then the web brings us
two things first of all the possibility
to test an idea immediately before
even to do r & d with a simple
web page and it changes everything basic and
his developments on facts and not
more assumptions before a
entrepreneur of the least young
entrepreneurs had an idea is good
develop his product nine times out of ten
safari completely the market wanted
no product every time we go up
a box one is persuaded to have a
great idea to a great plan but nothing
never happens as expected at
entrepreneurship you can believe me
and besides this topic I have the quote
which I find illustrate it well of a
American philosopher the second half
of the 20th century
mike tyson who said everyone has a
plan in the head
finally until he takes my fist
in the mouth eh ben that summarizes
extremely well what feels
entrepreneurs at first contact
market at least before the arrival of the web
because today when you are
entrepreneur with you have an idea that
you make a web page and you try
to sell your
then you adapt your offer on
was trying to find the product that was
sells best
more in the end you develop the product
who sold the second best
something that brings us the web
similarly it is the possibility with
a simple web page
once the developed product of
communicate immediately to the
world before when you communicate them
on your product
you have to do TV ads on
compact in the newspapers of campaigns
on the radio it was lens was expensive
it was terribly local it was a
nightmare
today you make a web page and
you can sell our product on
the whole planet and that changed everything from
no longer be limited by the size of his
national market and that said for the
more regular of you will tell me
for that we need a third
revolution
and yes and this third revolution and
geoeconomic it is the globalization of
distribution in less than two decades
the entire chain of
distribution and and globalized if you
take the first company in 2011
my first client was france is my
second client was New Zealander
antipodes
today for example with amazon you
can sell as well from your country
of origin that at the other end of the
planet is completely transparent
and that’s the whole distribution chain
which has been globalized this is the planes
fedex cargo container
questions the oceans does not even talk about
customs simplifications exchange
automatic 2010 free deals
exchange
it has become almost too easy almost
also said but if we can still
note that he is still today
easier to sell on the whole
planet that’s selling in all the
France in the 70s so we got it
seen three revolutions have deeply
changed the speed of growth of our
companies and the way we
perceive their value a revolution
financial 25 capitalism that allows
businesses to grow so
exponential without needing to be
profitable
a technological revolution and
geoeconomic the web and the
globalization the distribution that we
allowing lead from day to
world level and that’s why
still increase the speed of
growth is exponential
I think you understand better
the less I hope now why the
five largest companies in the
planet are all under 50 years old for
a good reason is that the saying game
nothing serves to run you have to go to
point
well it works at all is a
company that grows linearly
for two centuries has no chance
against a company that grows
exponentially for one or two
decades we’ve seen it’s strength
exponential even if you start
with a turnover of 1 euro per
year if you double it every six months
after 25 years you will have a number
billion-dollar business
euros per year more than the global GDP
if you manage to finance a
exponential growth during one or
two decades and capitalist debenture
for example you will be limited by the
size of our planet
so now that you know that everything
is possible that there is strictly
no limit to what an individual can
bring to the world have one or two
decades
what are you going to do we have only one
life as said gandhi be the
change that you want to see in the
world thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
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